《英语课件-定语从句.ppt》

1、定语从句 用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的 名（代）词叫作先行词。定语从句一般紧跟在先 行词的后面。 1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass 先行词 定语从句 the exam. 主句:,The students will not pass the exam.,2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our 先行词 定语从句 English teacher. 主句:,The woman is our English teacher.,从句的主语：,you,从句的宾语：,who

2、m,3. A shoe shop is a shop (which sells shoes). 主句：,A shoe shop is a shop.,从句的主语:,which,4. The book (that you want) is on the desk. 主句 从句的主语: 从句的宾语：,The book is on the desk.,you,that,引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that, which,who whom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间， 起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。 The man (that/who told us a funny story)

3、is in the next room.,主语,I lost the book( that/which ) you gave me).,宾语,归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。 which,指物，作主语或宾语。 who, whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。 that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。,1) A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2) The car _ my uncle bought last week was stolen. 3) The students _ dont study hard will not p

4、ass the exam. 4) The woman _ you saw in the park is our English teacher. 5) He talked happily about the men and books_ _ interested him greatly in the school.,which/that,which/that/ / /,who/that,whom/that/ / /,that,Fill in the blanks. 1. I still remember the day _ we spent in the forest. 2. I still

5、remember the day _ I first came to Beijing. 3. The factory _ we will visit is large. 4. The factory _ his father works is large. 5. Ill never forget the time _ we work on the farm. 6. This is the house _ we lived last year.,that/which,when/on which,that/which,where,when/at which,where/in which,归纳:关系

6、副词when指时间,关系副词where指地点, 在定语从句中作状语。即使先行词是时间地点,若 作从句中的宾语，只能用关系代词that, which.,Fill in the gaps: 1.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle _ were in the fields. 2.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is in front of our school gate. 3.This is the very thing _ I was looking for. 4.This is the s

7、econd novel _ I have ever read. 5.There is nothing in the world _ can frighten me. 6.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree? 7.My hometown is not the same one _ it used to be twenty years ago.,that,that,that/,that/,that,that,that,二. 在下列情况下只用that，不用which 先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, li

8、ttle, much, the one等不定代词时 There is nothing ( that ) I can do. I mean the one that was brought yesterday. 先行词被all, any, every, no, some, little, much等词修饰时 I have read all the books (that) you gave me. You may take home any of these books that you like. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 This is the first composition

9、(that)he has written in English. This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.,先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the same, the last修饰时 The white flower is the only one ( that) I really like. This is the very book (that) I want to find. The last place( that) we visited was the hospital. This is the sa

10、me watch that I lost yesterday. 当先行词有两个或两个以上时,既有人又有物,定语 从句用that 引导 (that既可指人也可指物) He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.,that 不能引导非限制性定语从句,that不能置于介词之后（介词后指物用 which,指人用whom）,关系代词作定语从句中系动词的表语时,或先行在主句中作表语 What great changes! It is not the city (that) it was ten years ago.,This i

11、s the place where (at which) Jack parks his car.,二.关系副词.,1.when,where,why指的是时间,地点,理由的 名词在句中做状语.相当于”介词+which”.,He didnt know the reason why (for which) he was dismissed.,四.定语从句中的主谓一致 定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。 例如： 1.Here are such sentences as are often used by the students.( as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。 2.

12、I, who am a Party member, should work hard for our country.( who指代I, 谓语用am.)。 3.He was one of the students who were praised for it. ( who指代the students) 他是被表扬的学生之一。 4.He was the only one of the students who was praised for it. ( who 指the only one) 他是唯一被表扬的学生。,“介词关系代词”即“介词whom/which”引 导定语从句应注意： 1介词的选

13、用至少要考虑以下的两个因素 A.与先行词的搭配关系 1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army. 2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school. 3) I will never forget the year _ my son went to college. 4) I got home at 7:00 p.m. yesterday, _ most people had had supper.,on which,during which,in which,by which

14、,B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯 1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars? 2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars? 3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot? 4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?,for which,on which,from which,about which,2. “介词whom/which”与 “whom/which/that/ 介词”的转换。 1）Th

15、e chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood. 2) Is this the book which you are looking for? 介词for不能与 look分开。 3. way作先行词 1) The way (in which/that) he looks at the problems is wrong.,4. 表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介 词of, 有时可用whose转换。 1) There are 1

16、00 teachers in our school, _ 60 are women teachers. 2) He has three children, two _ work as teachers. 3) That table has four legs, all _ are very short. 4) Im painting a house, the roof _ is round.,Im painting a house whose roof is.,5) They live in a house ,_ windows face south.,They live in a house

17、, the windows_ _ face south.,of whom,of whom,of which,of which,whose,of which,用介词关系代词填空 1 The boy was staying in the room _ window he could climb down. 2. Hes the man _ I learnt the news. 3. Whos the comrade _ you just shook hands. 4. There are 52 students in our class, _ nearly 40 are League member

18、s. 5. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner. 6. Do you know the driver who caused the traffic accident _ a man was killed. 7. This is the way _ she studies English.,through whose,from whom,with whom,of whom,of whom,in which,in which,8. The 5 yuan_ he bought the book was given by his fr

19、iend. 9. The story about Shakespeare, _ this is one example , is well written. 10. The old man always wears his glasses _ _ he cant see anything. 11.The key_ she was opening the door broke. 12. The library _ we often go on Sundays is not far from our school. 13. No one know the reason _ she is leavi

20、ng so early. 14. At last they came to a river _ a new bridge is being built.,for which,of which,without,which,with which,to which,for which,over which,关系代词引导的定语从句： Complete the following sentences: 1. Is this the school _ you visited last year? Is this school _ _ you visited last year? 2. He is one

21、of the students who _ good at maths. He is the only one of the students who _ good at maths. 3. The girl _ I think was honest lied to me. The girl _ I think to be honest lied to me. 4. China is no longer _ she was 10 years ago. China is no longer the country _ she was 10 years ago.,(that/which),the

22、one,are,is,who,whom,what,that,5. The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from _ _ you bought last month. The radio I bought yesterday is quite different from _ you bought last month. 6. Do you still remember the hotel _ _ we lived last summer holiday? Do you still remember the park _we visit

23、ed last summer holiday? 7. This is the room _ my grandmother used to lived in. This is the room _ _ my grandmother used to lived .,the one,what,in which,(that/which),(which/that),in which,8. He has two sons, and both of _ work as actors. He has two sons, both of _ work as actors. 9.China has hundred

24、s of islands, _ _ Taiwan is the largest. China has hundreds of islands, the largest_ _ is Taiwan. 10.This is the house _ _ the window was broken yesterday. This is the house _ window was broken yesterday. 11.He is the teacher _ _ help we have made great progress.,them,whom,of which,of,which,of which

25、,whose,with whose,1. That book that you want it is on the desk.,2. Is this factory that we visited last week?,the one,This factory is the one that we visited last week?,3. He is the person for whom you are looking.,for,4. The person to whom you talked is Lily.,The person whom you talked to is Lily. 归纳：1定语从句要避免成分重复 2定语从句要避免漏用先行词 3含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,Join two sentences into one: The boy is my b