2015中考英语复习课件：第二篇 中考题型分析及备考策略 (三) 语法填空

1、（三）语法填空,（三）语法填空,命题方向,语法填空题作为今年新的考试题型，重点考查单词拼写，语言基础知识，语篇理解能力和语言表达能力。在考查词汇的同时也考查学生读与写的能力，考生必须在理解短文内容的基础上把握短文的主旨大意，运用所学语言知识填空，使短文语篇完整。考查以实词为主，兼顾其他词性，词性变化包括动词的数、时态、语态、非谓语形式等的变化，名词的单复数变化及代词、形容词、副词等词性正确形式的判断。,考查形式主要有两类： (1)自由填空类考查的语言项目主要有行文逻辑，连词，介词，关系代词等。 (2)提示性填空类考查的语言项目主要有动词的时态和语态，非谓语动词，形容词，副词，名词，情态动词等。

2、,（三）语法填空,解题方向,从语法角度去考虑，包括功能词和词形变换两个方面。 不限定一个词。,（三）语法填空,解题步骤,(1)浏览全文，把握语篇大意。 (2)边读边填，采用先易后难原则，注意词形的变化。 (3)验证复查，清除疑点，根据上下文及逻辑关系，检查行文是否通顺，语法是否正确。 具体而言，在做题的过程中要时时联系上下文，从语篇中去判断填哪个单词或单词的准确形式。,（三）语法填空,(1)如果空格处后是名词(尤其是单数可数名词)，就考虑空格处是否需要填冠词，物主代词，指示代词，不定代词，名词所有格或形容词等进行修饰。反之，则应考虑填名词。 (2)如果空格中缺少谓语，则考虑动词，但一定要注意动

3、词的数、时态和语态。 (3)考查非谓语动词，包括v.ing形式，v.ed形式和动词不定式。 如果与中心词是主动关系，一般用v.ing形式；如果与中心词是被动关系，一般用v.ed形式；动词不定式to do 表示将来。,（三）语法填空,(4)空格处还有可能是系表结构，一般填写形容词形式，形容词要根据上下文意思来确定，进而确定用哪个词；有时也可以根据前后介词的搭配来确定。 注意：考查实词时，有时括号里会给出这个单词的其他形式，让填写出其适当形式。 (5)缺少介词。 介词可位于名词前(如at night, on Sunday等)，形容词后(如 be interested in, be good at

4、等)，还可位于不及物动词后(如listen to, arrive at等),（三）语法填空,(6)从句子结构考虑，如果空格前后都有句子，则要根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。如 because, for, since(表示原因); so (表示结果); and(表示并列); or; but, however, while, although, though(表示转折); when, if, whether, why等。,（三）语法填空,例题解析,Henry works in a factory. He comes from a poor family and was in schoo

5、l for only four years. He has to do the hard work, but he 1._ (pay) less. He likes to watch football matches very much and spends much time 2._them. One day there was a big football match on the playground. He 3._(borrow) some money from his friend and hurried there. There were a lot of,（三）语法填空,4._

6、there. And all the tickets 5._ (sell) out. He was sorry for it. He saw a pole(杆子) outside the playground and climbed it quickly. While he 6._(watch) the match, a policeman came and said, “It is dangerous 7._ (stay) on it! Come down！” “Wait a minute, please！” Henry said and just at that moment the po

7、liceman heard cheers on the playground and asked in a hurry, “Which team has,（三）语法填空,kicked a goal(进球)？” “Ours！” “Wonderful! I believe our team will kick 8._ goal soon. You can stay there, 9._ take care！” The police said happily and left. When the match would be soon over, he came back again and ask

8、ed, “Who has won？” “Theirs, 32.” “Come down，” the policeman said angrily. “Such a match is not worth watching！” Henry had to come down. But soon he heard cheers again. The policeman said in a hurry, “Climb up quickly and see 10._ has kicked a goal.”,（三）语法填空,【主旨大意】 这是一篇记叙文，文中讲述了一个家境贫穷的男子亨利，为了看一场重要球赛而

9、爬到场外的一根杆子上。而在看球过程中一位同为球迷的警察碰巧路过，两人之间发生了一段有趣的故事。 1is paid本题考查被动语态。根据上下文语境可知，亨利干艰苦的工作，却被支付很少的报酬。 2on本题考查固定搭配。spend some time on sth.意为“在某事上花费多长时间”。,（三）语法填空,3borrowed本题考查动词的时态。由并列动词hurried可知此处讲述过去发生的事情，因此用一般过去时，答案填borrowed。 4people 根据下文描述“所有的门票都卖光了”可知有很多人，因此要填people。 5were sold/had been sold 本题考查动词的时态。 句意：所有的门票都卖光了。因此可以用一般过去时或过去完成时。,（三）语法填空,6was watching 本题考查动词的时态。此处是由while引导的时间状语从句，需要用过去进行时。 7to stay本题考查固定句型。“Itbeadj.to