班虚拟语气PPT

1、2017年磁县二中高二英语语法 虚拟语气 吝丽平,教学目标： 1.学习虚拟语气在if条 件句中的用法 2.掌握虚拟语气的6种 特殊情况,教学重点： 掌握虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法,英语中的语气分为_， _和_三类。,陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,Step1 Presentation,1.China is a fast-developing country.（ ） 2.Make yourself free. （ ） 3.If I were a bird, I could fly in the air.（ ）,陈述语气,祈使语气,虚拟语气,一、虚拟语气 (the Subjunctive Mood

2、),一、概念 表示说话人所说的不是事实， 而是一种假设、愿望或推测，它主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于其它从句。,1. 对过去情况的虚拟 从句谓语： 主句谓语：,had + 动词的过去分词,would, should, could, might + have + 动词的过去分词,练习： 1.If we_(have) enough rain last year, we _ (gain) a good harvest.,had had,could have gained,练习： 2.If you_(work) hard,you _ (pass)the final test last time.,

3、had worked,would have passed,2.对现在情况的虚拟 从句谓语： 主句谓语：,过去时,would, should, could, might +动词原形,注意：在虚拟语气中，只能用were，不能用was.,练习： 1.If I_(be)ten years younger,I_(start) all over again.,would start,were,练习： 2.If I _(have) enough money, I _ (buy)myself a DELL computer.,had,would buy,3.对将来情况的虚拟 从句谓语： 主句谓语：,3）过去时

4、,would, should, could, might +动词原形,1）should + 动词原形,2） were to + 动词原形,练习： If I_ (see)him tomorrow, I _(invite) him home.,should see/were to see/saw,would invite,练习： 2.If it _ (be)fine tomorrow, I _(go)on a trip.,would go,should be/were/were to be,1.含蓄条件句 有时虚拟语气的条件从句不用if引导，而用but for, without, if only,

5、 otherwise等词，主句的谓语动词和if相同。,二. 虚拟语气的六种特殊情况,eg. Without your help, I couldnt have achieved all this.,练习 But for water,we _(be)impossible to live in the desert.,would be,2. 错综时间条件句 在错综条件句中，if从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照对应的时间而定。,eg. If you had listened to me yesterday, you wouldnt be in such

6、trouble now.,练习 If he _ (receive)six more votes last year, he _(be)our chairman now.,had received,would be,3. 在表示命令、建议、要求等动词后面的宾语从句中，用虚拟语气，其谓语动词用(should) +动词原形,一坚持（insist） 二命令（order， command） 三建议（advise， suggest， propose）、 四要求（demand， require， request， desire）,记住：insist / suggest 各有两种意思，要用不同的语气 1).i

7、nsist 表示“坚决要求”时， 用虚拟语气，即 should + do; 表示“坚称，坚持说”时，用 陈述语气，表示事实，时态依 具体情况而定。, She insisted that she _ (be)right. I insisted that we _this to her,坚持说,坚持要求,was,(should) tell,2）suggest 表示“建议”时，用虚拟语气。 表示“表明、暗示”时，用陈述语气。, The look on his face suggested that he _(be) unhappy. The teacher suggested that we _(c

8、lean) the blackboard after class.,表明,建议,was,(should) clean,4、用在 It is (high) time that句型中。 It is (high) time that +,过去式或should+动词原形 (should不可省略)。,It is （high） time that the children _（go）to bed.,should go/went,5. 条件状语的倒装 如果从句中有were, had, should时,可以倒装成：Were / Had / Should +主+其他（if省略）,_, I would give

9、AIDS patient a hug.,If I were you, I would give AIDS patient a hug.,Were I you,_, he would have seen the film.,If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film.,Had he been there yesterday,_, we wouldnt go out.,If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.,Should it snow tomorrow,6.虚拟语气在

10、其它结构中的应用,（1）wish + 宾语从句 （2）由as if或as though引导的状语从句 （3） If only 若是.那该多好啊,对现在情况的虚拟，从句用过去时（did/were）。,对将来情况的虚拟，从句用would, could, might + 动词原形。,对过去情况的虚拟，从句用过去完成时。,I wish I _(go)abroad next year. 2）He appears as though he _ (be)an Italian. 3) I wish I _(see)the football match yesterday.,could go,were,had

11、seen,4)If only I _（arrive） in time! 5)If only she _ (come)tomorrow.,had arrived,could come,Step 2 Practice 1.The rice _ if you had been more careful. A. would not be burning B. would not burn C. would not have burnt D. would not burnt,2.If the flower had been watered, it _ now. A. wouldnt die B. is

12、dead C. had been dead D. will not die,6. 从句中有should，were，had三个助动词时，If 可能被省略,从句要倒装,Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. Should you change your mind (= If you should chang

13、e your mind), no one would blame you.,3.I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _ she would have met my brother. has come B. did come C. came D. had come,4._ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they have no

14、t,6. 从句中有should，were，had三个助动词时，If 可能被省略,从句要倒装,Were she in charge (= If she were in charge) , she would do things differently. Had I known your address (= If I had known your address) , I would have written before. Should you change your mind (= If you should change your mind), no one would blame you

15、.,5.The guard there insisted that everybody _ the rules. A. obeys B. obey C. will obey D. would obey,6. It is high time you_ the bus. A. had caught B. caught C. will catch D. catch,7. Without electricity, human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be,8.If it _ t

16、omorrow, they would not go there by bike. A. will rain B. rains C. would rain D. should rain,9._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will,10.If I _ you, I would not do it. A. am B. were C. shall be D. being,Step 3 Conclusion,主从 句,构 成,时态,虚拟条件 从句(if ),主 句,对现在情况的虚拟,对过去情况的虚拟,If + 主语 + did (be用 were),主语 + would/ should/could/ might +do,If + 主语 + had done,主语 + would/ should/could/ might+ have done,主从 句,构 成,虚拟条件从句(if),主 句,对将来情况的虚拟,If + 主语 + should do If + 主语 +were to do If