八年级(上期)英语复习要点

1、八年级（上期）英语复习要点UNIT 11.How often“多久一次”用来对频率提问。频率的词有：always (总是、一直),usually(通常),often(经常) , sometimes(有时) , hardly ever(几乎从不), never(从不、决不), once a week(一周一次), twice a month(一月两次), three times a year(一年三次)eg.( ) do you go to movies? Twice a week.A.How B.How many C.How much D.How often How “怎样” 对方式和程度提问

2、。 How many“多少”对可数名词数量提问。How much “多少”对不可数名词的量和价格提问。Eg1. How do you like humburgers? I like them very much.2.How many people are there in your family? There are five.3.How much is the book? Its ten dollars.4.How much orange juice would you like? Only a little, please.2.短语：on weekends 在周末， hardly ever

3、 几乎从不， the result for 的结果是，be good for 对有好处/益， eating habits 饮食习惯， healthy lifestyle 健康的生活方式， go to the movies 去看电影, surf the Internet 上网, as for 至于, junk food 垃圾食品, eating habits 饮食习惯,UNIT 21.What is the matter?“你怎么啦？”还可以说成What is wrong?What is the matter with sth/sb? What is wrong with sth/sb? “怎么

4、啦？”常用介词with，with后可结人或物，表示“某人或某物怎么啦？”eg. 1. Whats the matter with your brother? He has a cold. 你弟弟怎么啦？ 他感冒了。2.Whats the matter with your bike? Its broken(坏了) 你的自行车怎么啦？ 它坏了。2.a.Should“应该”，是一个情态动词，后用动词原形。eg. 1.I have a sore throat.You should (drink) hot tea with honey.2.I have a toothache. You should (

5、see) a dentistb.should的否定形式是shouldnt(=should not)，后仍然要接动词原形。eg. He has a stomachache, so he shouldnt (eat) anything.You shouldnt (study) when you are tired.3. too much“太多” 后接不可数名词。too many “太多” 后接可数名词复数。 much too “太” 后接形容词或副词的原形。eg. There are people in the park on weekends.The book is dear/expensive

6、 .I cant buy it.There is milk in the fridge ,you can drink it if you are thirsty4.a.be good for“对有好处” be bad for ,”“对有害处”eg. Taking a walk after dinner is good for your health . “饭后散步对你的健康有好处” Getting up too late is bad for your health.“起床太晚对你的健康有害处”例句中taking、getting up是动名词。在英语中，动名词作主语时，应该作单数看待。b.be

7、 good at “擅长干”后接名词、代词、或动词的ing形式。eg. He is good at English.=He is good at learning English.他擅长学英语5.But my mother wants me to drink it.但是我母亲想要我喝它。 a. want sb to do sth 想要某人干某事eg.He wanted me to help him with his English,but I was busy.b.want to do sth 想要干某事eg.We wanted to go fishing with my father.6.短

8、语：have a cold （患）感冒， have a stomachache 胃痛， have a toothache 牙齿痛， have a headache （患）头痛， have a fever 发热/发烧， have a sore throat 咽喉疼， hot tea with honey 含有蜂蜜的热茶， see a dentist 看牙医， feel better 感觉更好， lie down and rest 躺下休息， listen to 听， for example例如， get tired 累了， a balanced diet 一个平衡的饮食。 be stressed

9、 out 紧张的UNIT31.go+动词的ing形式（动名词） 表示“去干”动词的ing形式常用表示娱乐的动词连用。go fishing 去钓鱼； go boating 去划船； go camping 去露营；go skating 去滑冰； go skiing 去滑雪； go hiking去徒步旅行； go shopping 去购物； go swimming 去游泳 等。2.sound “听起来”，是一个连系动词，常接形容词作表语。eg. That sounds interesting .那听起来有趣。 That song sounds very nice。那首歌听起来很美妙。3.have a

10、 good time “玩得开心”、“玩得愉快” =have fun =enjoy oneself.eg. They had a good time in the park last weekend. =They had fun in the park last weekend. =They enjoyed themselves in the park last weekend. 他们上周末在公园玩得很开心。4.a.speak常用于说某种语言，后接表示语言的名词。eg . Jim comes from the USA, but he can speak a little Chinese. 吉姆

11、来自美国，但他能够说一点儿汉语。b.speak 还可以用于打电话用语中。eg. Can/May/Could I speak to Mary, please? 请玛丽接电话。This is Mary speaking. 我是玛丽。 Is that Mary speaking? 你是玛丽吗？5.How is (Hows) the weather ? “天气怎么样？” 常用来对天气提问还可以用What is the weather like? “天气怎么样？”回答天气用代词it作主语。Its Sunny /fine(晴朗的) Its rainy/raining(下雨的) Its cloudy(阴天的

12、) Its Windy(多风的) Its snowy/snowing(下雪的) 6.短语：for vacation 度假， go sports camping 去运动露营， relax at home 在家休息， take walks 去散步， decide on 取决于。UNIT 41. How “怎样”，常用来对程度和方式提问。eg. How do you get to school? I ride a bike to school.你怎样去上学？我骑车去上学。注意以下同意短语：take a bus= go to by bus. “乘公共汽车。”take a/the subway = go

13、 to by subway. “乘地铁” take a/the taxi =go to by taxi. “乘出租车”。 walk = go to on foot. “步行” ride a/my bike = go to by bike.“骑自行车”。 fly =go to by plane/air.“乘飞机”。 drive = go toby car.“ 开小汽车”。“by 交通工具的名词”表示乘坐交通工具。例如：by bus /car /plane(air)/ train/ship等，此时名词前不能有其他的修饰词，否则就只能用介词in或者on来代替 by。即 in their father

14、 s car； on the bus/train 等。eg. ( )They usually go to school .A.on bus B.by the shool bus C.by bus. D.on the school bus2. How long “多久”，用来对“for一段时间”提问。eg.( ) does it take you to walk to school?About 20 minute.A.How B.How often C.How long D.How far3. How far “多远”，常用来对路程或距离提问。eg.( ) is it from your hom

15、e to the school? Itabout 3 milesA.How B.How often C.How long D.How far4. a. It takes(took/will take) sb(常用人称代词的宾格形式)some time to do sth.“花费了某人多少时间干某事”。 It作形式主语，后面的动词不定式（to do）作真正的主语。b. 相同的表达还有： Sb spend/（spent/will spend） some time (in) doing sth.“某人花费多少时间干某事。”eg. 每天他都要花费半个小时帮助我的英语。 It takes him hal

16、f an hour to help me with my English every day. He spends half an hour helpingme with my English every day.5.finish doing sth做完某事。finish后要接动词的ing形式。eg. They finished cleaning the classroom ten minutes ago. 他们十分钟前扫完了教室。 He finished doing his homework half an hour ago. 他半个小时前做完了他的家庭作业。6. Not all stude

17、nts take the bus to school.“不是所有的学生都乘公共汽车去上学”。Not 与all连用表示部分否定。eg. We didnt all went to the Great Wall last year.“去年我们不是所有的人都去过长城。”（表示部分去过，部分没去）。7. Other parts of the world are different from the US.“世界上别的部分与美国不同”。be different from “与不同”， be the same as“与一样/相同”。eg. ( ).The weather in China is differ

18、ernt that in Australia.A. from B. for C. with D. as8短语：take the subway 乘地铁， take the train 乘火车， take the bus 乘公共汽车， take the taxi 乘出租车， leave for 前往，ride my bike 骑我的自行车 ， 10 minutes walk 十分钟的步行路程 more fun 更有趣fromto 从到， around the world 全世界。be different from 与不同。UNIT 51. study for a /an test“为考试而学习”，

19、 Id love /like to “我很愿意”， have a piano lesson “上钢琴课” have to do sth “必须/不得不干某事” 2. 介词in on at 表示时间的区别。a. in用在季节、月份、年份等较长的时间之前。eg. in spring “在春季” in December “在十二月” in 2006 “在2006年” 还可以用在上午、下午、晚上 eg. in the morning/afternoon/evening b. on用在具体的某一天、星期、节日等表示一天的时间之前。eg. on December 26 “在12月26日” on Frida

20、y “在星期五” on Christmas Day “在圣诞节”on也可以用在具体的某一天、星期、节日等的上午、下午、晚上。eg. on the morning of July 19 “在七月19日的上午” on Saturday afternoon “在星期六下午”on the evening of Christmas Day“在圣诞节的晚上” c. at用在具体的时刻前。eg.at 6:15eg. at noon “在正午” at night “在晚上” at this time of the day/ year “在一天/一年的这个时候。”3.excuse me和sorry的区别。当我们

21、所说的话或所做的事可能引起对方不便或可能打扰对方时，或者我们要引起对方注意时，比如问路、问问题等，时先常说excuse me译作“对不起”或“打扰一下”等当我们做错了事或者说错了话之后表示歉意时应该说sorry ，译作“对不起”eg.（ ） ，can you tell me the way to the post office? ,I dont know. You can ask that man over there.A.Excuse me , Sorry B. Sorry , Sorry C. Sorry, Excuse me D. Excuse me, Excuse me4.a. 在英语

22、中对星期提问用what day “星期几”一周七天的英语单词：Sunday (星期天)Monday（一） Tuesday（二）Wednesday（三）Thursday（四）Friday（五）Saturday（六）eg. what day is it today? Its Monday.b. 对日期提问用whats the date?或what date “什么日期” “几月几日”日期的常用表达方式是“月份 日期，年份”也可以“the日期of月份，年份”注意日期应该用序数词。January February March April May June July August September O

23、ctober November Decembereg. Whats the date today? Its December (the)18th ,2006. Its the 18th of December,2006.c. 在英语中，Whats today?“今天星期几，几月几日”eg. What s today? Its Tuesday ,January 1st 20075. a few 与a little , few 与little .a. a few ,a little “一些”，a few 修饰可数名词复数形式，a little 修饰不可数名词。eg . I have friends

24、 in the city .I often visit them when I am free.I have bread and milk for breakfast. Lets have it.b. few, little “几乎没有” few 修饰可数名词复数形式，little修饰不可数名词，在句中都表示否定。1.Its raining hard outside . There are people in the street now.2.I have money with me. I want to borrow some from you.6.when “什么时候” “何时”,常用来对

25、时间提问。eg. They left school at seven last afternoon. they school last afternoon?7.Thank you/Thanks for doing sth.“因做而感谢”，for 是一个介词，后接动词要用其ing形式。eg.Thank you for (help) me with my English. Thanks for (lend) me some money.8.短语：study for a/an test 为一堂考试而学习, go to the doctor 去看病 , have a piano lesson 上钢琴课

26、. help sb with sth 帮助某人干某事, the day after tomorrow 后天 , thank you for diong sth 因而感谢 on Friday morning 在星期五的晚上.UNIT 61.形容词原形的用法。在句中只有一这时，要用原形。修饰形容词原形可用very（很、十分）、too（太）、so（如此）、quite（相当）等。eg.The book is very interesting.这本书非常有趣。The car is quite expensive.这辆小汽车很贵。2.形容词比较级构成。(1)一般形容词er. eg. long-longer

27、 quiet-quieter short-shorter.(2)以e结尾的形容词r. eg. fine-finer nice-nicer .(3)以辅音字母y结尾变y为i再加er. eg. funny-funnier heavy-heavier easy-easier.(4)末尾只有一个辅音并重读的形容词，应双写这个辅音字母er（大胖子受湿热变瘦了） eg. big-bigger fat-fatter wet-wetter hot-hotter thin-thinner.(5)部分双音节和多音节词要在词前加more变成比较级。eg. outgoing-more outgoing athleti

28、c-more athletic. interesting-more interesting不规则变化：good/well-better（好） ill/bad/badly-worse（坏） many/much-more（多） little-less（少） far-farther（远）3.比较级的用法。（1）比较级常用于两者（人或物）之间的比较，在句中常用than连接两个比较对象。（than是比较级的标志词。）eg.This book is (interesting) than that one.Li Lei is (tall) than his younger brother.Which is

29、(difficult),English or Chinese?（2）修饰比较级只能用a little（一点儿），much（得多），even（甚至更）eg. Lin Ping is my good friend.She is a little older than I am/me. 李萍是我的朋友。她比我年纪要大一点儿。His bike is much more expensive than mine. 他的自行车比我的要贵得多。( ) His elder sister is than he.A.very taller B.much taller C. more tall D.more tall

30、er（3）在比较时，只能人与人比，物与物比。( ) My pen is cheaper than .A. she B. her C. hers D.your3.both “（两者）都”，应放在be、情态、助动词后，实义（行为）动词前。all “（三者及以上）都”，应放在be、情态、助动词后，实义（行为）动词前。它们之间的区别主要是:both只能用于两者，all用于三者及以上。eg. My parents are both teachers. They both work in our school. 我的父母亲都是教师。他们两都工作在我们学校。They are all my good frie

31、nds,I often play soccer with them. 他们都是我的好朋友，我经常和他们一起踢足球。We are all Chinese, we can all speak Chinese very well. 我们都是中国人，我们都能说汉语。eg. ( )Sam and Tom are twin brothers. They in our school.A. are all B. all are C. are both D. both are( )My classmates to the Great Wall last weekend.A. all went B. went a

32、ll C. went both D. both went both 和all 还可以用于both/all of 名词复数/人称代词宾格形式。eg.Both of my parents/them are teachers.All of my classmates are having an English class.4.enjoy doing sth “喜欢干某事”like doing sth very much.eg. My greadfather enjoys reading very much.我的祖父非常喜欢阅读。They all enjoy (play) soccer ball.To

33、m enjoys (speak) Chinese after class.5.a. make “使得”，是一个使役动词。使役动词后只能接动词原形作宾语补足语（宾补）。常见的使役动词有make（使得）、let（让）和have（使得）。make sb do sth ,使得某人干某事； let sb do sth ,让某人干某事；have sb do sth ，使得某人干某事。eg.( ) He is funny,he often makes us .A. to laugh B. laughing C. laugh D. laughed( )His mother always makes him m

34、ilk every morning, although he doesnt like it.A. to drink B. drinking C. drink D. drankb. ask和tell“叫，吩咐”等意思。ask/tell sb to do sth “叫/吩咐某人干某事”。ask和tell后只能接动词不定式作宾语补足语。其否定句式为 ask/tell sb not to do sth “叫/吩咐某人不干某事”。动词不定式to do 的否定形式是 not to do。eg .The English teacher asked us to practice English after c

35、lass every day. 英语老师叫我们每天课后都要练习英语。His mother asks him to drink milk every morning.他的母亲每天早晨都叫他喝牛奶。The policeman asked the boys not to play soccer ball on the road. 警察叫那些男孩子不要在公路上踢足球。The teacher told Jim not to be late for class next time. 老师叫jim下次不要再迟到了。6.a. asas “与一样” b. not as/so as “不如”。注意以下三点（1）.

36、中间只能用形容词或副词的原形。（2）肯定句中只能用asas,不能用 soas 。（3）否定句中除了用not asas外，还可以用not soas。eg.（ ）In China, basketball isnt pingpong ball.A. so popular as B. so more popular as C. as the most popular as D.as very poopular as ( ) Tina is I, but she is more outgoing than I.A. as tall as B. so tall as C. as taller as D.

37、as tallest as 7. (1) be good at sth/doing sth “擅长干某事”，后接名词或动词的ing形式。eg. He is good at sports/doing sports . 他擅长做运动。My mother is good at making fruit salad.我的母亲擅长制作水果沙拉。(2) be good at 与do well in 同义，可以互换。eg. He is good at seimming.=He does well in swimming.他擅长游泳。(3) be better than sb at “比某人更擅长干某事”eg

38、.He is better than I at playing pingpong.他比我更擅长打乒乓球。8. be different from “与不同”，其反义短语为 be the same as“与相同/一样”。eg. We know Chinese names are different from English names.我们知道中国名字与英语名字不同。I like to have friends who are different from me. 我喜欢有和我不同的朋友。UNIT 71.first 首先、 next 接下来、 then 然后、 finally 最后。2.turn

39、 on “打开”，常用于打开电器等。其反义词为：turn off.turn up “开大一点”。 其反义词为：turn down。名词作宾语时可放在中间，也可以放在之后；代词it和them作宾语应放在它们之间。eg. Turn off the lights/Turn the lights off when you leave the classroom. 你离开教室时请关灯。I want to watch TV , please turn it on.我想要看电视，请打开它。I am doing my homework,please turn down your radio. 我在做作业，请把

40、你的收音机关小一点。I cant hear the radio,can you turn it up.我不能听见收音机，年能把他开大一点吗？3. a. how much,“多少”，用于对不可数名词的数量提问，后常接不可数名词。eg. How much milk would you like? 你要多少牛奶？How much meat do you want to buy? 你要买多少肉？b. how much 还可以用来对价格提问。eg. 1.How much is the English-Chinese dictionary?这本英汉字典多少钱？ It is 17 dollars.2.How

41、 much are the apples? 这些苹果多少钱？They are 2 yuan a kilo.4. how many,“多少”，用于对可数名词的数量提问，后接可数名词的复数形式。a.How many bananas do you want to buy? 你要买多少香蕉？3 kilos.b.How many people are there in your family? 你家有多少人？There are 5.5.不可数名词表示数量：数字量词（复数）of不可数名词.eg. a slice of turkeythree slices of turkey. a cup of coffe

42、e - two cups of coffee a glass of milk - five glasses of milk6.the other “另一个”，常与one连用，构成onethe other, 译作“一个另一个”（指两者中的另一个）. another “另一个”，用于指不定数量（三者及以上）的另一个。eg.1.( ) The sweater is too small.Do you have one?2.( ) would you like bowl of noodles,please?No ,thanks. Its delicious,but I am full.3.( ) Mr

43、Wang has two children.One is a teacher , is a doctor.A. other B. the other C. another D. the other.B.UNIT 81.动词变成过去式的变化规则（规则动词）。(1)一般的在动词后ed。eg. played finished watched visited(2)以e结尾d。 eg. loveloved move-moved(3)以辅音字母y结尾的，变y为I再加ed。eg.studystudiedtrytriedcarrycarried worry-worried(4)末尾只有一个辅音字母并重读的，应

44、双写这个辅音字母ed。 eg. stopstopped planplanned trip-tripped2.动词ed的发音规则：(1)在清辅音音标之后发 /t/。finished/t/ watch/t/ helped/t/.(2)在浊辅音和元音音标之后发 /d/。moved/mu:vd/ used/ju:zd/ enjoyed/d/ borrowed/d/ cleaned/d/.(3)在 /t/ /d/ 之后发 /id/ 音。Wanted/id/ visited/id/ needed/id/ shouted/id/3.不规则动词变化见课本第112页不规则动词表。4.一般过去时的用法。一般过去时

45、常用在过去发生的动作或存在的状态的句子中，常与yesterday（昨天）、the day before yesterday (前天)、last night /week/month/year(上一个)或、一段时间ago（在以前）或其他相应的过去时间状语连用。(1)肯定句： 主语动词的过去式宾语其他。eg.1. He (visit) his grandparents last weekend. 2.They (leave) for Chengdu yesterday.3.My parents (give) me a watch for my birthday the day before yest

46、erday.(2)否定句： 主语didnt动词原形宾语其他。eg. 1.He (not go) to school because he was ill yesterday.2.They (get) up too late this morning, so they (not catch) the bus.(3)一般疑问句： Did主语动词原形宾语其他？回答： Yes，sb did./No,sb didnt.eg. 1）. they (take) a bus back to school yesterday afternoon? No,they .They (walk) back to sch

47、ool. 2）. he (write) a letter to his pen pal last night? 3） you (watch) a dolphin show last weekend?（4）.特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词一般疑问句？eg. when you (help) him with his English? Last night. 5.There be 句型过去时态：There was/There were.eg. There (be) many people on the Great Wall last weekend.There (be) some food in the

48、fridge yesterday,but now there isnt any.( ) there any milk in the fridge this morning ? No, there .A. Did didnt B. Were werent C. Was wasnt D. Did eresting与interested的区别。Interesting“有趣的、令人感兴趣的”用于表示物体的性质。interested “对感兴趣” ，只能用于短语be interested in 中，“对感兴趣” ，表示某人对事物的态度。eg.( )The movie is , we

49、are all in it .A.interesting, interested B. interesting, interested C. interesting, interesting D. interested, interesteUNIT 91.be born “出生于”，常用于过去时。eg .a. When were you born? 你出生在什么时候？I was born in 1989.我出生在1989年。b.Where was he born? 他出生在什么地方？ He was born in Tokyo Japanese.他出生在日本东京。2.begin/start to

50、 do sth ,或begin/start doing sth，“开始干某事”。eg.When did you begin/start to learn /learning English? 你什么时候开始学英语的？I began/started to learn/learning English two years ago. 我两年前开始学的英语。3.a. stop doing sth“停止干某事”。表示停止干正在干的某事。eg.When the little baby saw her mother ,she stopped crying at once and began to laugh

51、. 当这个小孩看见她母亲时，她立刻停止哭并开始笑了。Its time for us to have a class. Stop talking ,please.该我们上课的时间了，请停止谈话。b. stop to do sth “停下来干某事”，表示干完一件事之后停下来干另一件事。eg.You are too tired , stop to rest /to have a rest,please.你太累了，请停下来休息一下。I saw a friend of mine in the street yesterday,I stopped to say hello to him. 我昨天在街上看见

52、我的一个朋友，我停下来向他问好。4.a. too 形容词副词原形（for sb）to do sth，“（对某人来说）干什么太而不能。 tooto “太而不能”，其本身就含有否定意思。不用否定副词not连用。eg.The little boy is too young to look after himself.这个小男孩太小而不能照顾自己。My mother was too busy to help me with my English,so I had to ask my brother to help me with it. 我母亲太忙而不能帮助我学英语，因此我不得不教我哥哥帮助我。 Th

53、e teacher was too angry to say a word.这个老师太生气而不能说一句话。b. 如果要引导出动作的执行者，要用for动作执行者。eg.The question was too different for us to answer.这个问题对我们来说太难而不能回答。The box was too heavy for the little boy to carry.这个盒子对这个小孩来说太重而不能搬动。5. at the age of岁数，“在某人岁时”。常用作时间状语。相当于“when sb was岁数。”引导的时间状语从句。eg. He learnt to ride a bike at the age of ten. = He learnt to ride a bike when he was