非谓语动词(动词-ing形式和动词-ed 形式)(课堂PPT)

1、非谓语动词（动词-ing形式和动词-ed 形式）,性质 非谓语动词具有动词的特点，但在句子中起着名词、形容词、副词的作用，充当主语、表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语，即：除谓语以外的一切成分。,非谓语动词时态 用-ing，表示动作正在进行; 用过去分词，表示动作已经发生，同时表示被动意义,分析句子结构, 辨别“谓语与非谓语” 找逻辑主语 一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语；非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。作宾语补足语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语；作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。 分析语态 分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分

2、析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。,D,跟踪演练 1._many times, he finally understood it. A. ToldB. Telling C. Having toldD. Having been told 【解析】选D。 此处为非谓语动词作状语，与句子主语he之间为被动关系，故可排除B、C两项。根据前后 句的逻辑关系，非谓语动词应用完成时态表示动作发生在句子谓语动词understood之前。故选D。,C,2.The play _ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture. A. pr

3、oduced B. being produced C. to be produced D. having been produced 【解析 】选C。句意：下月将要完成的那个戏剧主要是为了反映当地的文化。play与produce之间为被动关系，又因next month为将来的时间，而A项指过去已完成的动作；B项指正在被完成的动作；而D项经常作状语，也表示已经完成的动作，均可排除，故选C。,3. Hurry up, Mary! Its time to go. Im getting _ .Have a little patience . A. dressB. dressing C. to dres

4、s D. dressed 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意：玛丽, 快点，我们该走了。稍等一下，我正在穿衣服呢。 get dressed 是一个固定词组，表示“穿衣服”。故选D。,D,A,4. He is rather difficult to make friends with, but his friendship, _, is more true than any others. A. once gainedB. when to gain C. after gainingD. while gaining 【解析】选A。这里“once gained”是once the friendshi

5、p is gained 的省略形式，由此可知，the friendship 与gain 之间存在被动关系，故选A。,5.With a report _ about the accident, I have to find some witnesses for help. A. writeB. writing C. written D. to write 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。with 后面的非谓语动词有三种形式，过去分词常用来表示动作的完成或被动，现在分词表示主动或进行，不定式表示动作还没有发生。从“I have to find some witnesses for help”可知关于

6、这次事故的报告还没有写，故选D。,D,1. (2013浙江高考)_ how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure. A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:听到别人对你刚读过的书的反应会增添一份喜悦。该句的谓语动词为creates, you have just read是修饰book的定语从句,空格处需要的是句子的主语,该动作又是一个主动的动作,所以该主语应该用动名词短语充当,故选A。非谓

7、语动词短语的动作和主句谓语动作几乎同时发生,C项完成形式的时间与句意不符。,高考链接,2. (2013江苏高考)Lionel Messi, _ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A. setB. settingC. to setD. having set 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意:里奥内尔梅西曾在一年内创造最多得分记录,因此他被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。由句子谓语动词is considered可知

8、此题考查非谓语动词形式,主语与set之间为主谓关系,且表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,故用现在分词的完成式形式。,3. (2013天津高考10)In some languages, 100 words make up half of all words_ in daily conversations. A. usingB. to use C. having usedD. used 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。句意:在一些语言中,100个单词就能组成日常交际中所用到的一半的词汇。分析句子成分可知,use作words的定语,words与use之间是被动关系,故选D。,4.(2013安徽高考32)i

9、n the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art. A. To foundB. Founding C. FoundedD. Having founded 【解析】 选C。考查非谓语动词。句意:这所建于20世纪初期的学校一直激励孩子们对艺术的热爱。本句主语是the school,与found之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作状语,故选C。,5.(2012全国卷28)The party will be held in the garden, weather _. A. permitting B.

10、to permit C. permitted D. permit 【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意:如果天气允许,晚会就在花园里举行。根据句子结构可知,此处weather permitting是独立主格结构,相当于if weather permits。,6. (2012重庆高考23)_to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film. A. Having been asked B. To ask C. Having asked D. To be asked,【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意:我那天晚上因为被要求加班而错过了一

11、场精彩的电影。非谓语动词和逻辑主语I之间是被动关系,且所表达的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前,故应用现在分词的完成被动形式。having been asked既表被动,又表完成,在句中作原因状语; to ask表主动和目的; having asked表完成和主动; to be asked表被动和目的。故选A。,7.(2012安徽高考24)I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 【解析】选B。考查非谓语动词。句意:在离开办公室前我记住了关门,但是忘记了关灯。remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”,remember doing sth.意为“记得以前做过某事”。本题是对发生在过去情况的客观陈述,根据but可知前后是互相对立的两件事情,即“记住了关门而忘记了关灯”,故选择B项。,8. (2012湖南高考23) Time, _cor