陈述句与感叹句.ppt

1、第32课 陈述句与感叹句,要点梳理,中考对感叹句的考查主要是对引导词what和how的选用。 一、陈述句 .陈述句是叙述一个事实或说话人的观点的句子。它包括肯定句和否定句。陈述句的句末用句号，读时用降调。 1. 肯定句 结构：主谓其它 如：It is cold in winter. 冬天冷。 He went to London for vacation last week. 他上周去伦敦度假。,2. 否定句 在be动词、助动词或情态动词后加not。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。 They dont like eating outside. 他们不喜欢在外面吃。 3.

2、 否定的其他表达法 (1)在句子带有否定词hardly, little, few, seldom, rarely等。这些词本身具有否定意义，无需再加其他否定词。如： I hardly see anything in the room. 我几乎看不见房间里的任何东西。,(2)表示全部否定：no, never, neither, none, nothing，nobody等。 如：There is no time to eat breakfast. 没时间吃早饭了。 表示部分否定： not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not

3、 always等。 如：Not all students go to school by bike. 不是所有的学生都骑自行车上学。 (3)宾语从句的否定形式：当主语为第一人称时think, believe, suppose引导的宾语从句中，形式上否定主句的谓语动词实则否定宾语从句的谓语动词。 如：I dont think hell come. 我认为他不会来。,二、感叹句 感叹句用来表示强烈的感情，如喜、怒、哀、乐等。常用what和how引导的两种类型，what常用来修饰名词，how常用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。 .用what引导的感叹句 1Whata/an 形容词单数名词(主语谓语)！ 如

4、：What a heavy box it is！ 多么重的盒子啊！ 2What 形容词复数名词/不可数名词(主语谓语)！ 如：What beautiful flowers they are！ 多么美的花啊！ What cold water it is！ 多么冷的水啊！,.用how引导的感叹句 1How 形容词/副词主语谓语！ 如：How beautiful the flowers look in the garden！ 花园里的花看起来真美！ How wonderfully they swim！ 他们游得太棒了！ 2How 形容词a/an单数名词(主语谓语)！ 如：How strange a

5、man he is！ 他是多么奇怪的人啊！ 3How 主语谓语！ 如：How time flies！ 时间飞逝！,感悟中考,【例1】(2011盐城) _ interesting it is to go sailing in Qingdao in summer! A. What B. What an C. How D. How an 解析：考查感叹句的“How 形容词主语谓语”结构， 故选C。,C,【例2】(2011扬州) Listen! Someone is playing the piano. Wow! _ beautiful music! I like it very much. A. W

6、hat B. How a C. What a D. How 解析：这句强调的是名词，但music是不可数名词， 须用“What 形容词不可数名词”结构。故选A。,A,【例3】( 2011 河北) Look at the photo of the Smiths. _ happy they are! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 解析：考查感叹句的“How 形容词主语谓语”结构， 故选A。,A,【例4】(2010东阳) _happily the children are flying kites！ A. What B. What a C. How D. How

7、 a 解析：考查感叹句的“How 副词主语谓语”结构， 故选C。,C,【例5】( 2010福州) _ interesting talk Mr. Black gave us! Yes, we all like it very much. A. How B. What a C. What an 解析：考查感叹句的“Whata/an形容词单数名词 主语谓语”结构，故选C。,C,领悟语法,.用What, What a或How填空 1. high the bird flies！ 2. a heavy box it is! 3. cold water it is! 4. nice day! 5. terr

8、ible weather we had yesterday!,How,What,What,What a,What,6. good time the children are having in the park! 7. wonderful the world is! I hope I can live longer. 8. delicious food! 9. big ship the workers have built! 10. nice the watch is!,What a,How,What,What a,How,.单项选择 ( )1. _ bad weather it is! It

9、s rainy for two weeks. (2011四川) A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感叹句。 What(a/an)形容词名词主语谓语！。 How形容词主语谓语！ weather为不可数名词，前用what，不加 a或者an, 故选A。,A,( )2. _good time we had at the party last night! Yes. It was _ exciting party that I would never forget it.(2011深圳) A. What; so B. How; such C. What a:

10、such an D. How a; so an 解析：考查短语have a good time和such, so的用法。 have a good time固定短语，意为“玩得高兴”。 such修饰名词性短语(即 a/an形容词名词)，so直接 修饰形容词。故选C。,C,( )3. There _a big earthquake in Japan this March. Yeah. Many Chinese volunteers went there to help the people in trouble. (2011郴州) A. was B. is C. were D. have 解析：考

11、查There be 结构。 句中的时间状语和下句的提示应用一般过去时，后面的 a big earthquake说明谓语动词用单数。,A,( )4. _ delicious beef! Well. You can eat more if you like it.(2011河源) A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 解析：考查感叹句。 What形容词不可数名词！beef为不可数名词。故选A。,A,( )5. _ wonderful news report he wrote! All of us were proud of him. (2011滨州) A. What

12、a B. What C. How D. How a 解析：考查感叹句。 由后面的report可知应该用what，report是可数名词单数， 故选A。,A,( )6. _ clever the girl is! So she is.(2011福州) A. How B. What C. What a 解析：考查感叹句。How形容词主谓！故选A。,A,( )7. You cant imagine _ great fun chatting online is. Really? But it may cause you a lot of trouble. (2011南京) A. what B. how

13、 C. why D. whether 解析：考查句式。分析句意，这是一个感叹句，在名词性 词组前，用感叹词what，故选A。,A,( )8. _ expensive mobile phone it is! Yes, but I think _ style is quite fashionable. (2011镇江) A. What a; a B. How; the C. What an; the D. How an; the 解析：考查感叹句。 mobile phone可数名词单数，故用句式What(a/an)adj. n.主谓！；style为特指，前加the。故选C。,C,( )9. Loo

14、k at the photo of the Smiths. _happy they are！ (2011河北) A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 解析：考查感叹句。 Howadj.主语谓语！happy是形容词，用how引导。 故选A。,A,( )10. _hard work you have done! Its very kind of you to say so.(2011绥化) A. How B. What C What a 解析：考查感叹句。 What形容词不可数名词主语谓语！ work为不可数名词，故选B。,B,.阅读短文，并完成下列各题 Babies

15、 do it for up to eighteen hours a day. Mrs Thatcher and Napoleon both said they only needed to do it three or four hours a night. Sleep. No one can live (1) it. But how much do we really need?,提高题,Research by the National Sleep Foundation in Washington says that we all need eight hours sleep every n

16、ight. Scientists have found that people who sleep for less than six and a half hours a night are (2) often ill than people who sleep for eight hours. Going without sleep also increase the chance of (3)serious illness. “Workaholics(工作狂)” who sleep for less than five hours often die young, and do less

17、 well at work.,The scientists found that, on average, adults sleep for seven hours a night, with 32% sleeping less than six hours. It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue. “People have no idea (4)对于他们的健康来说睡眠是多么重要！” Dr Thomas Roth, director of the Found

18、ation says. “Good health needs good sleep.”,“But not too much of (5)it，” says Professor Jim Horn of Loughborough University. “Sleep is like food and drink，” he believes, “You would always like to have a little bit more, but that doesnt mean you (6)need it.” Professor Horn studied a group of people who could spend as many hours as they wanted in bed; (7)after ten hours they didnt find it any easier to get up in the morning. And people who slee