简单句五大基本句型ppt课件

1、简单句的基本句型,1,英语句子的种类(按结构）,简单句 (simple sentence),并列句 (compound sentence),复合句 (complex sentence),2,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,Vt（及物动词）,系动词,Vi（不及物动词）,英语句子基本成分示意图,简单句（Simple Sentences） 就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子 英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,3,2.A crane eats fish. 3.A Swan has a long thin neck. 4.A sw

2、allow has a forked tail.,1.A golden eagle is flying.,Subject(主语),S 动作发出者,Verb（谓语）,V 动作本身,Direct Object（宾语）,DO 动作承受者,1. S + V 主语+谓语 主谓结构,2. S + V + O 主语+谓语+宾语,Vi 不及物动词,后面没有宾语,Vt 及物动词,后面必须有宾语,4,SV和SVO的注意点,1.They are running. 2.Jim can draw. 3.The baby pandas drink milk. 4.We will read English.,run dra

3、w vi.(不及物 动词）,drink read vt.（及物动词）,注意: 1.谓语(V)具有各种不同时态; 进行时；情态动词；现在时； 以及将来时 2. 在句中先找主语 subject 再找谓语部分 如是不及物动词，其后不能直接加宾语 如是及物动词，其后必须有宾语。 其后有没有宾语是S+V和S+V+O判断标志 3. 如果对宾语提问使用疑问词what.,1. S + V,1. S + V + O,What do the baby pandas drink?,What will we read?,5,动词 + to do: learn/prepare/would like/need/have/

4、 try /want/hope/plan/agree/choose/decide 这就是我们常见的 动词+ to do 句型 动词 + doing sth:mind/finish/practise 这就是我们常见的 动词+ doing 句型 动词 + 宾语从句: think/believe/ be sure/be afraid /say/ know/find,The government wants to protect the endangered birds.,S,V,O,I will finish doing homework soon.,S,V,O,I think that you c

5、an do the job.,S,V,O,6,I like the golden eagle.,It has a hooked beak.,It looks strong.,It is lovely.,linking verbs(系动词),V,1. S + V(lv) + P 主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语,系动词,表语,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态),be (am is are was were) / seem / keep /是/好象(似乎)是/保持 look / feel / taste / smell / sound / 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去) be

6、come / turn / get / grow / 变得,7,常见的连系动词 1.表示感觉的动词5个-翻译为 起来 feel感到 excited; smell good; taste delicious; sound interesting; look happy 2.表示变化的动词：有固定的搭配 get smaller; grow older; become stronger; turn yellow; go bad; come true 3.表示状态保持的动词： stay healthy; keep warm; remain保持 be (am,is.are,was,were)是 ；see

7、m似乎,必须是这三类专门的词，而且必须表达这个特殊的含义时才是系动词。,8,1 The man is in the park. 2 He looks kind. 3 He is a kind man. 4 The singing of birds sounds beautiful. 5 The world will become better.,lv,lv,lv,lv,lv,P（介词短语）,P（adj）,P(adj),P（n名词短语）,P(adj形容词比较级),表语 P成分可以是 形容词，名词，介词短语(形名介),9,She often laughs. 2. She is laughing n

8、ow. 3. She will laugh soon. 4. She is singing happily. She is singing a song. She is a singer. She is happy.,(S + V+O),(S + V),(S + V),(S + V),(S + V),区分进行时态和SVP中lv是Be动词的情况,注意: 1 现在进行时的谓语与主系表结构有区别: 关键要看be动词后接的是实义动词ing形式还是表语(形名介).,(S + V+P),Happily adv修饰动词sing vi,A song 是名词做宾语 sing vt,a singer 名词表语 h

9、appy 形容词表语,一般现在时,现在进行时,一般将来时,谓语(V)具有各种不同时态,10,We call the man David.,a zookeeper,OC(宾补),Object Complement,OC,I make him angry.,He tells us to protect the birds,David,S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾补,11,We call,the man,David,1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,S + V + DO + OC 主 +谓 + 宾+宾

10、补句型,the man,is,David,此处为 名词宾补,可接名词宾补的动词有call/elect/name/find,12,I make,him,angry,1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补,He,is,此处为 形容词宾补,可接 形容词宾补的动词有keep/make/find,13,We often find,him,in the zoo,1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 判断标准是在DO和OC中间可否加be动词,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句

11、型 简称 主谓宾补,He,is,此处为 介短宾补,可接 介短宾补的动词有keep/see/notice/find,14,He tells,us,to protect the birds,1 仅仅使用主谓宾无法说明完整句意 必须添加补足语补充说明宾语情况 就是我们常见的 动词+ sb + to do 词组,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补句型 简称 主谓宾补,此处为 带to的动词不定式做宾补,15,He tells us to protect the birds.,常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有： tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite V + O + O

12、C (V sb to do sth),My deskmate often makes me laugh.,常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有： 一感二听三让五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe V + O + OC (V sb do sth),He keeps me waiting.,常见的可接动词-ing形式作宾补的动词有： Keep 和 see,hear,feel,watch,find V + O + OC (V sb doing sth),16,I

13、often hear David _ when I stay at home, but yesterday I was very angry because I heard him _ in his room at midnight. A sing; sang B singing; singing C sing; singing D sing; sing,C,感官类动词用动词原形和动词-ing形式做宾补 含义不同,17,He spoke loudly to make himself heard.,常见的可接动词-ed形式作宾补的动词有： Have, make, get,see,hear,fee

14、l,watch,find V + O + OC (V sb done),Can you hear someone playing basketball next door?,He came home at midnight and found his money stolen.,V sb done,V sb doing sth,18,1 I find you clever. 2 We will make our country stronger and stronger. 3 They can keep the zoo clean. 4 Parents wish their children

15、to study hard. 5 We often make the teachers help us.,DO,DO,DO,DO,DO,OC (adj),OC 形容词 比较级,OC adj,OC to do 不定式,OC 动词原形,常考的主谓宾补句型：,19,一个非常特殊的句型 I found it interesing to learn English.,动词（make/feel/find/consider/think)+ it + 宾补 + 真正宾语,I felt it useful to learn English.,20,we shouldnt give any food.,the b

16、irds,S,V,DO（直接宾语) Direct object,IO(间接宾语),Indirect Object,He tells me some rules.,S + V + IO + DO 主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型,21,I pass,He bought,him,a book,his son,a present.,to,for,双宾语结构中有两个宾语，判断标准是 可否将两个宾语顺序替换并加介词to/for,S + V + IO + DO 主语+谓语+直接宾语+间接宾语,加to: bring/ give/ offer/ pass/ show/ sell/ tell/ send/ lend

17、/ return/ hand 加for: buy/ choose/ draw/ make/ order/ paint/ sing/ save,22,3 Many boys are running.,1 I feel excited.,4 He gave Tom a present.,5 I find it interesting.,6 Music sounds beautiful.,7 I am a student.,8 She bought a pen for me.,9 I saw her dance.,2 They are watching TV.,主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语,主语

18、+谓语（及）+宾语,主语+谓语（不及物）,主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补,主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语,主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表语,主 +谓 + 间宾+直宾句型,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补,10. I call him LiMing.,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补,23,11. She spoke very softly. 12. He bought a T-shirt. 13. Jay named his dog Bobby. 14. She looks lovely.,主语+谓语（不及物）,主语+谓语（及）+宾语,主 +谓 + 宾+宾补,主语+ 谓语(系动词) + 表

19、语,24,常考的主谓宾补句型：请找出宾补 1 We name our city Yangzhou. 2 The students make Daniel monitor. 3 Everyone should make the classroom clean. 4 Millie found the movie very interesting. 5 I left the book at home. 6 They finally found the pen under the book.,25,7 My teacher let the boy stand an hour. 8 I heard hi

20、m sing a song last night. 9 I watch our team playing football. 10 I heard him singing at 12 last night. 11 My mother keeps me waiting an hour. 12 We saw Kitty dancing at that moment. 13 I would like/want you to do a bird count. 14 Mr. Tang teaches me how to read a book.,26,练习:下列句子分别属于哪一基本句型A . 主语+系动

21、词+表语B . 主语+谓语C .主语+谓语+宾语D .主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语E .主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,( )1. The flower smells sweet . ( )2. I visited my teacher last Sunday . ( )3. They are dancing . ( )4. Mrs. Black helped his son brush his teeth . ( )5. Jenny bought a watch for him.,27,( )6. His mother sent him a new watch . ( )7. I often

22、 hear her sing in the next room. ( )8. The girl opened the door . ( )9. Mary and Lynn live in Taiyuan . ( )10. She looks like her mother .,( )11. You should study hard . ( )12. The children play football on the playground every afternoon.,28,( )13. The weather is getting warmer and warmer . ( )14. W

23、e painted the wall white . ( )15. He asked me to go swimming with him .,( )16. On Sunday many people have a walk in the park. ( )17. Miss zhang has taught us maths for two years . ( )18. Tom and John are the best students in our class. ( )19. He did everything to help the poor . ( )20. She asked me

24、my telephone number .,Has taught maths to us,29,易考的混淆点 一 The food tastes _(delicious). S + V(lv) + P I will taste the food _ (good). S + V(Vt) + O His father looked _ (angry) S+V(lv) + P His father looked _ (angry) at him. S + V(Vi+介词) + O,delicious,well,angry,angrily,1 三类专门词，而且表达这种特殊含义才是系动词。 有的词具备多

25、种含义所以具备多种词性,30,易考的混淆点 一 1 He looks _ because his son is looking _ at the bird. A happy,happily B happily, happily C happily, happy D happily, happy _, he can stay in Hongkong for two days. However, after he heard good news, he stayed very _. A Luckily; calm B Lucky; calm C Lucky; calmly D Luckily; calmly,A,1 三类专门词，而表达特殊的含义才是系动词。 有的词具备多种含义所以具备多种词性,A,31,易考的混淆点 二 1 The food tastes _ A good B well 2 We should stay _ during the earthquake. A calm B calmly 3 The young boy becomes _A more and more surprised adj B more and more surprisedly adv C more and more surprise n,good