Pub_talk_and_the_King’s_Engl_...

1、Pub talk and the Kings English,Henry Fairlie,Henry Jones Fairlie (13 January 1924 London, England - 25 February 1990 Washington, D.C.) was a British political journalist and social critic. Sometimes mistakenly believed to have coined the term “The Establishment, an analysis of how all the right peop

2、le came to run Britain largely through social connections, he spent 36 years as a prominent freelance writer on both sides of the Atlantic, appearing in The Spectator, The New Republic, The washington Post, The New Yorker, and many other papers and magazines. He was also the author of five books, mo

3、st notably The Kennedy Promise, an early revisionist critique of the U.S. presidency of John F. Kennedy. In 2009, Yale University Press published Bite the Hand That Feeds You: Essays and Provocations (ISBN: 9780300123838), an anthology of his work edited by Newsweek correspondent Jeremy McCarter.,He

4、nry Fairlies Quotations,1) The foundation of humility is truth. The humble man sees himself as he is.,2) Gluttony and Lust are the only sins that abuse something that is essential to our survival.,3) The desire to build a risk-free society has always been a sign of decadence. It has meant that the n

5、ation has given up, that it no longer believes in its destiny, that it has ceased to aspire to greatness, and has retired from History to pet itself.,4) The most important fact about our shopping malls, as distinct from the ordinary shopping centers where we go for our groceries, is that we do not n

6、eed most of what they sell, not even for our pleasure or entertainment, not really even for a sensation of luxury. Little in them is essential to our survival, our work,Henry Fairlies books,The Life of Politics, Methuen, 1969 The Kennedy Promise, Doubleday, 1973 The Spoiled Child of the Western Worl

7、d: The Miscarriage of the American Idea in Our Time, Doubleday, 1976. The Parties: Republicans and Democrats in This Century, St. Martins, 1978 The Seven Deadly Sins Today, New Republic Books, 1978 Bite the Hand That Feeds You: Essays and Provocations, edited by Jeremy McCarter, Yale University Pres

8、s, 2009,Public Houses,What is a pub?,The word pub is short for public house. There are over 60,000 pubs in the UK (53,000 in England and Wales, 5,200 in Scotland and 1,600 in Northern Ireland). One of the oldest pubs, Fighting Cocks in St. Albans, Herts, is located in a building that dates back to t

9、he eleventh century.,Pubs are popular social meeting places,Pubs are an important part of British life. People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends or strangers and relax there. Bar friends are companions, not intimates. They are not deeply involved in each others lives. They chat with each other ju

10、st to pass time. Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, many have a garden where people can sit in the summer.,Pub names,Pubs have traditional names which date back over 600 years. Some typical names are The Chequers, The White Swan, The Crown, The Kings Arms, The Red Lion and

11、 The White Horse. People often refer to the pub by its name when giving directions: Turn left at the Rose and Crown. There is usually a sign outside the pub showing the pubs name with a picture.,没去过英国的小酒吧，你就没见过真正的英国-在关于英国旅游的小册子中经常能找到这样的忠告。 去小酒吧对那些想要领略英国生活和文化核心部分的人是一种行为准则。,The Kings English/ The Quee

12、ns English, another is the Britons, who gave their name to the whole island of Britain. These were the people whom the Romans conquered. The Romans gave the Britons a good deal of their civilization. Then at the beginning of the fifth century Britain was invaded by three tribes from the northern Eur

13、ope: the Angles, the Saxons, and the Jutes. These three tribes merged into one people, and the three dialects they spoke naturally grew into a single language, the English language. But at first, the English word made up of only a small part of native words and some borrowed words. The native words

14、were the core words of English.,Three periods of the history of the English language,The old English period: ( from 450AD to 1150 AD ) The period from 450AD to 1150AD is known as the old English period, and it is also been called Anglo-Saxons period. During this period, when the Norman Conquest in 1

15、066AD brought French to England, much of the English vocabulary was replaced by words borrowed from French and Latin.,The middle English period: ( from 1150AD to 1500AD ) The Norman Conquer was the cause of this change. In this period many old English words were lost, but thousands of words borrowed

16、 from French and Latin appeared in the English vocabulary. French influence on the English vocabulary is much more direct and observable. The number of French words that came into English was very numerous. More than half of the English vocabulary is derived from Latin.,Modern English period: ( from

17、 1500AD up to now ) The early modern English period extends from 1500AD to 1700AD. The chief influence of this time was the great humanistic movement of the Renaissance. In this period the study of the Latin and Greek classics was stressed, so the influence of Latin and Greek on English was great.,T

18、he late modern English period started after 1700AD. The eighteenth century in England was a time of stabilizing and purifying the English language. The publication in 1755AD of A Dictionary of the English Language edited by Samuel Johnson was a typical example of consolidating and purifying the Engl

19、ish language in this period. He set a standard for using English words in spelling, meaning and usage. In the eighteenth century French greatly influenced English. The number of French words in the period from 1650AD to 1800AD increased rapidly. Such as: ballet, cartoon, champagne, cohesion, dentist

20、, patrol, publicity, routing, etc. Meanwhile the territorial expansion of the English empire in this period resulted in the expansion of the English vocabulary.,Alexandre Dumas Pere, those are his friends Athos, Porthos, and Aramisinseparable friends who live by the motto, One for all, and all for one“. Dumas version of the story covers the adventures of DArtagnan and his fr