初三定语从句PPT课件

1、初三英语组,定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例） 例： The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk.,定语从句 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.,定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词。定语从句通常跟先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系(翻译时从句在所修饰词

2、前) 。它通常是由关系代词（who，whom， whose，that，which，as）和关系副词（where，when，why， how）来引导。关系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解who，that，which这几个关系代词所引导的定语从句即可。,关系词判 断 步 骤 : 首先，要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用which或that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/

3、that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother. (叙述客观事实 用一般现在时) (从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yesterday. (句中yesterday表示过去时间),关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2.whom指人,作宾

4、语 (作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省),The man (whom/who) I talked to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.,the tall the strong the clever,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom,The boy who is clever is Tom, The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy h

5、as a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The boy who sits in front of me is Tom., The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street

6、.,The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.,1.The person _ you should write to is Mr Ball . 2. The teacher from _ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu . 3. The runner _ you are aski

7、ng about is over there . 4 .The girl _ you are looking for is in the classroom . . 8. The person _ won the race was a woman from Sichuan .,who,whom,who/whom,who/whom,who,2.which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),These are the trees which were planted last year.,The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is

8、made in Japan.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,Is this the library from which you borrow books?,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which is red is mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is red is small.,The apple which is green is big.,mine,yours

9、,Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.,Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?,Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now?,. 1. The meeting _ we shall take part in will be held in a hotel . 2. The factory _ I worked in for over two years has been closed . 3. The airport _

10、 is 30 kilometres away is the only one in the city 4. The e-mail _ _ I received yesterday was from my sister.,which,which,which,which,关系代词,3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。,Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.,I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen . I sa

11、w a woman whose bag was stolen.,1. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather. 2. Is there a student _ father is a business man? 3. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years. 4.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用tha

12、t.,(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her yesterday.,The scientist we met yesterday is very who famous in the world. whom that,(2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress that she is wearing is new. which ,(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him.,(4) This is

13、the best film. I have ever seen this film.,He is the kind person that I have ever worked who with. whom ,This is the best film that I have ever seen. ,1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .,2)The room (that) I live

14、in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big.,注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at ,关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.

15、who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where 3. Who was the grey-haired man _at yesterdays meeting? A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen 4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who 5. What is th

16、e animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.which,A,C,B,D,B,6. This book is for the students _native language isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos 7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose 8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for

17、 is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which 9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./ 10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. what,C,C,A,A,B,根据汉语完成句子： 1.This is the engineer _ (给我们作关于计算机报告的) the other day. 2.My

18、 necklace is not _. (唯一不见的东西). 3.The man_ (在这间房子里工作的)is an English teacher. 4.The old building_ (我们住的) has been here for 30 years. 5.The history book _ (封皮是黄的）was lost.,who gave us a talk about computers,the only thing thats missing,who works in the room,(that/which) we live in,whose cover is yellow

19、,根据汉语完成句子： 6.Here is the pen _ . (你昨天丢失的） 7.This is the best book_ _. (我读过的） 8.I have lost the pen_. （我父亲给我买的） 9.Wheat is a plant_ _. （中国北方 种植的） 10.I dont like the people_. (说得多,做得少的）,(that)you lost yesterday.,(that) I have ever read,(which/that) my father bought me,which/that is grown,who talk too

20、much but do little,in the north of China,定语从句中需注意事项 有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which 1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything，everything ,all，any ,man

21、y , none , the one等不定代词时 Here is something( that) I will tell you.,1. 我们在医院一直照顾的老太太死了.,The old lady whom we had taken care of in the hospital last year died.,2. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗？,Do you know the thief whom (who) the policeman has been looking for?,3.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。,This is the factory (which/that ) we

22、 visited yesterday.,5.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。,The letter (which/that) I received yesterday was from a friend of mine,6. 这是我们天天在那学习的学校,This is the school where/in which we study every day.,7. 这是我们昨天参观的学校,This is the school which we visited yesterday.,8. 我喜欢和友善的人交朋友。,I like to make friends with the perso

23、n who is friendly .,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer you. 5.当主句已有疑问词 who或wh

24、ich时，用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?,关系代词只能用which的情况,1.关系词前有介词时，一般用which而不用that. This is the novel about which they are talking . 2.引导非限制性定语从句（主句和从句之间用逗号隔开），用which 而不用that The students read English aloud every morning , which is helpful tothem .,注: who、that在指人可以通用，但下列宜用 who,不

25、用that 1).先行词是people ，one ，ones，anyone, someone, those，时，关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在there be 句型中，先行词指人,关系词用who There is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的，它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。,where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。,1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.,The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean. The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.,2.Ill never forget the day. I