英语名词讲解

1、汉堡包 水果 西红柿 大米；米饭 草莓 鸡肉 牛奶 吃 面包 健康的 事物,hamburger fruit tomato rice strawberry chicken milk eat bread healthy thing,容易的 在.后面 梨子 食物 蔬菜 胡萝卜 习惯 午餐 早餐 晚餐 肥胖的,easy after pear food vegetable carrot habit lunch breakfast dinner fat,名词（n.）：,概念： 是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。根据其词汇意义，名词可分为 专有名词和普通名词。,名词：nouns,普通名词：,指表示一类人、

2、东西、抽象概念的名词。,例如： 表示东西、事物的。 如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子) 表示一类人的。如 boy 、girl、woman、man、teacher、father 表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品质、精神的。如 happiness 、trouble、pleasure（愉快、快乐）、industry（勤劳）,辨认下列哪些是名词，哪些不是名词：,computer， take coffee， water， run. notebook. bring, table, sport interesting, Monday age new actor sell,专有名

3、词:,指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。 具体说来，它包括人名、国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。,Jim吉姆 China中国Mr.Smith史密斯先生 July七月 Friday 星期五 theYellowRiver 黄河 Christmas 圣诞节 English 英语 A Tale ofTwoCities双城记,专有名词的首字母通常要大写,名词：,可数名词,不可数名词,单数 复数,转变,可数名词的复数变化：,1.可数名词复数的规则变化： (1) 一般情况加词尾 -s，如 book-books, desk-desks等。 (2) 以 s, x, sh, c

4、h 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es：bus -buses, box -boxes, dish-dishes，match-matches（比赛），watch-watches等。,Practice:,There are many (bus) and (car) on the street. .I have two (watch), so I give a (watch) to my sister. Yesterday I went to the supermarket and bought some （dish）,cars,buses,watches,watch,dishes,3) 以“o”结尾

5、的名词,有生命词尾es；如tomato- tomatoes； potato- potatoes hero(英雄)-heroes 无生命的名词，加词尾s；如radioradios（收音机）； piano-pianos,但注意photophotos（相片）,4) 以y 结尾的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况： 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为ies； 如： city-cities, baby-babies 以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s： 如：toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。 5)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es: 如： wife

6、-wives, knife-knives（小刀）， Leaf-leaves（树叶）；life-lives(生命)， scarf-scarves(围巾),记住以下10个要把f或者fe改成v加es的单词： wife(妻子)，life(生命)，knife(小刀)，leaf(树叶)，thief(贼)，half(一半)，self(自己)，shelf(架子)，loaf(面包)，wolf(狼)。,重点,但roof-roofs(屋顶)是例外！,练习：,写出下列单词的单数或复数形式,friend,cat,tree,s,s,question,s,s,key,s,toy,s,photo,s,tomato,es,po

7、tato,es,leaf,/leaves,zoo,s,radio,s,holiday,s,baby,/babies,city,/cities,roof,s,bus,es,box,es,We need more (potato), can you go and take some , please ? (Knife) are used for cutting things. When we saw his face, we knew the (news) was bad. Please remember give the horse some tree (leaf).,potatoes,Kniv

8、es,news,leaves,单复数同形: 英语中，有些名词的单数与复数同行: 例：people、Chinese、Japanese、 fish 、 deer（鹿）、 sheep（绵羊） e.g: There are many fish in the river. We have a fish for lunch.,名词复数的不规则变化,有的名词单数变复数时，没有一定的规则，需特别记忆： man / men 男人 woman / women 女人 child / children 小孩 tooth / teeth 牙齿 foot / feet 脚 goose / geese 鹅 mouse /

9、mice 老鼠 ox / oxen 公牛,(二)不规则变化 男人女人a变e，鹅足牙oo变ee； 老鼠虱子也好记，ous变ic； 孩子加上ren，鱼鹿绵羊不用变。,6.名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如 manmen,womanwomen, goosegeese,footfeet,toothteeth, mousemice,louse(虱子)lice, childchildren,fishfish, deer(鹿)deer,sheepsheep等。,不可数名词常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a bottle of等 来表示不可数名词的量，单复数表现在在

10、of前面的名词上。 如： 桌子上有一杯橙汁。 There is a glass of orange juice on the table. 这张纸是红色的。 This piece of paper is red. 这两双袜子5美元。 These two pairs of socks are 5 dollars,名词做主语， 一定要注意主谓一致,用适当的be动词填空 My mother _ a beautiful woman. This pair of pants _ 20 dollars. My socks _ red. Whose pens _ there？ Anns family _ al

11、l teachers. Her family _ a large one in this place. There _ a cup of coffee on the desk. These strawberries _ fresh.,写出下列名词的复数形式 1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、 piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife

12、 22、sheep,oranges,classes,texts,monkeys,children,shelves,beds,countries,families,toys,Japanese,radios,photos,tomatoes,foxes,pianos,feet,women,knives,sheep,armies,二、用所给的单词的复数的正确形式填空： 1There are so many_(wolf)in the forest. 2.There are three _(chair) in the classroom. 3.These _ (tomato) are red. 4._(h

13、ero) are great. 5My brother looks after two _(baby) 6There are some _(deer) eating the grass. 7My father likes to eat _(potato). 8 Chinese _(people)like to eat noodles. 9I have a lot of _(toy) in my bedroom. 10I help my mother wash _(dish) in the kitchen.,wolves,chairs,tomatoes,Heroes,babies,deer,po

14、tatoes,people,toys,dishes,11I have two_ (pencil-box). 12There are some _(bus)in the street. 13Peter has eight _(foot). 14Linda has three _(tooth). 15There are some _(child) in the garden. 16Michael likes the _(mouse). 17There are some _(goose)in the river. 18My uncle and father are _(man). 19Tom and

15、 King are _(boy). 20Linda has three _(tooth).,pencil-boxes,buses,feet,teeth,children,mice,geese,men,boys,teeth,1I can see three _ in the zoo. A monkeies B monkeys C monkey 2.The pig has four _. A. foot B. feet C. foots3.My two brothers are both _. A. policeman B. policemans C. policemen 4.There are

16、four _ in the class. Japanese B. Japaneses C. Japan 5.I can see ten _ in the picture. sheep B. dog C. pig 6.The _ has three_. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches 7.Can you see _on the plate? A. bread B. breads C. breades,A,B,C,B,A,C,A,8.The girl often brushes her_ before she goes to bed.A. t

17、ooth B. toothsC. teeth 9.Mr Black often drink some _. milk B. milks C.milkes 10.There are some _ on the floor. child B. water C. books 11. _ will learn English. Woman B. Women C. Man 12.Lucy will show us some new _ of hers. photo B. photos C. photoes 13. I drank two _ .A. bottles of orange B. bottle

18、 of orangeC. bottles of oranges 14.The cat eats two _ last night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse,A,B,C,C,A,B,B,1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful. A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in

19、 the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. Thats art book. A. an B. a C. the D are 5. The boys have got already. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread,A,B,D,A,C,6. The old man wants . A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apple