虚拟语气 z.ppt

1、Grammar the Subjunctive Mood,Mood,用来陈述事实，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式。,用来表示请求、命令或劝告等。,表示说的话是不可能发生的情况, 不是事实，而是一种愿望、建议或与事实相反的假设等。,(一) 含IF条件句的虚拟语气 (二) WISH结构中的虚拟语气 (三) 名词性从句中的虚拟语气,The Subjunctive Mood,1.如果你早来5分钟，你就赶上这趟车了。,If you _ here five minutes earlier，you _ the bus .,2.如果我现在不忙，我就来帮你了。,If I _ not busy, I _ you

2、now.,had got,were,would help,would have caught,注意,错综时间条件句: (主从句的时态不一致),1. If you had taken the doctors advice at that time, you would be well now.,2. What should we do now if an earthquake happened tomorrow ?,含蓄条件句: without,but.otherwise(虚拟条件不用 if 从句表示),1. Without your help, I couldnt have finished

3、the work on time.,2. Im really very busy, otherwise I would go with you.,If 的省略 (用倒装语序),1. Had you given me a telephone call, I wouldnt have come here.,2. Were you in my position, you would do the same thing.,3. Should it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the match.,如果if条件状语中有were, had, should

4、时, 可以倒装成：,4. If I were him, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.,Were I him,wish as if would rather,+ did(与现在事实相反),+ had done(与过去事实相反),(二) wish, as if, would rather, It is time that结构中的虚拟语气,“后退一步法” 与现在事实相反，在从句中用用一般过去时形式表示。 与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用用过去将来时形式表示。,(三) 名词性从句中的虚拟语气,1. 表示 “坚持”

5、“命令” “建议” “要求”等的动词跟宾语从句, 从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气: (should) + do,1. 坚持: insist 2. 命令: order command 3. 建议: suggest advise propose recommend 4. 要求: request require demand desire,1. The students insisted they (should) go to the west to work. “坚决认为(该怎么做)” 2. Our teacher suggests that we should read English every m

6、orning. 3. It is requested that Mr Smith should give a performance at the Party.,注意,insist 表“坚持说”，或坚持的是一个事实时仍用陈述语气,The boy insisted that he saw the man steal the wallet from the lady.,suggest 表“暗示”“表明” 时仍用陈述语气,Her pale face suggested that she didnt feel well just now.,在suggestion, requirement, order

7、, demand, request, advice, proposal后面跟同位语从句和表语从句用虚拟语气。,eg. My suggestion is that we should visit the exhibition right away.,我的建议是我们应马上参观展览。,2. 上述动词相应名词在同位语从句, 或表语从句中用虚拟语气。,3. 虚拟语气用于 “Its +adj. / n. / -ed + that.” 的主语从句中,It is important / necessary /natural that. It is strange / surprising / unusual

8、that. It is a pity /a shame /no wonder that. It is ordered/suggested/ordered/that,(should) + do,It is necessary that we (should ) have a walk now. It is quite natural that she should succeed.,Fill in the blanks with verbs in proper forms,If you _ me a ring at that time, I _ ( give ) ( not have) to c

9、ome here now.,2. Without air, there _ no living things. ( be ),3. You _ the film star, but you _ here so late. ( see ) (come ),4. It is necessary that the doctor _ for at once. ( send ),5. Our request is that this problem _ as soon as possible. ( settle ),had given,would not have,would be,could have

10、 seen,came,should be sent,should be settled,6. Id rather you _ me the secret at that time. ( not tell ),7. Long _ the friendship between our two countries. ( live ),hadnt told,live,1 He suggested that the meeting put off. A. not be B. should not C. wouldnt D. be not2 It is strange that he so. A. thi

11、nks B. thinkC.thoughtD. will think3 I wish I my uncle yesterday. A. met B. have met C. would meet D. had met4 The old professor gave orders that the experiment before 6. A. was finished B. will finish C. be finished D. shall be finished,5 Its high time he home. A. goes B. went C. will go D. is going

12、 to go 6 you succeed and you be healthy. A. Maymay B. Wishwish C. Hope，hope D. Shouldmay,7 Id rather you me the news yesterday. A. not tell B. not to tell C. didnt tell D. hadnt told8 His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.A. shouldnt agree B. wouldnt agree C. hadnt agreed D. didn

13、t agree,高考链接:1. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she , she would have met my brother. (MET94) A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken (MET95)3. You didnt let me

14、 drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove ; didnt get B. drove ; wouldnt getC. were driving ;wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got (MET95)4.Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night ,too cold for us to live.A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly(上海97),5._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the meeting. (上海94) Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 6. Janes pale face suggested that she _ ill, and her parents suggested th