大学体验英语综合教程4 Unit5 Business Ethics ppt.ppt

1、Unit 5 Business Ethics,Company Logo,Teaching Procedures,General Writing,Passage B,Passage A,Lead-in,Practical Writing,Company Logo,Lead-in,Look at the following pictures of big companies with international reputation, Do you know whether they have some problems of business ethics?,Company Logo,Liste

2、n to this ,Japanese companies have started to refine their ethics programs and internal control structures. Some 55% of them have established a corporate code of conduct, ethics guidelines, compliance _(S1) and other such documents, 37% have a department or division dedicated to ethics and complianc

3、e issues, and 43% _(S2) hold ethics-related training programs targeting employees. A growing number of Japanese businesses have taken steps to reinforce oversight functions, for example by engaging independent outside directors. In 1997, Sony Corporation took the _(S3) of cutting its executive board

4、 from 38 to 10 directors while introducing the new post of executive officers. Other companies including Omron and Kobe Steel followed suit, and by 2000 about 240 businesses had reportedly made similar _ (S4) reforms.,Company Logo,Listen to this ,Even so, the image of companies portrayed by the mark

5、et and the general public_(S5) far from ethical. For example, in a survey of students views of the Japanese business community, conducted in autumn 2000, 68% of the respondents agreed that Honest companies are not _(S6) while dishonest companies are making profits; 63% believed that There is hardly

6、any information as to which companies are _(S7) , ; 84% believed that “_ (S8) ; and 62% agreed that many companies believe its worth engaging in unlawful practices. If this is the new generations perception of reality, it means that_ (S9) . Certainly, companies whose business performance has deterio

7、rated as a result of scandals_ (S10) . But such efforts are not long-lasting if a company fears they will reduce its competitiveness.,Company Logo,Listen to this ,Japanese companies have started to refine their ethics programs and internal control structures. Some 55% of them have established a corp

8、orate code of conduct, ethics guidelines, compliance _(S1) and other such documents, 37% have a department or division dedicated to ethics and compliance issues, and 43% _(S2) hold ethics-related training programs targeting employees. A growing number of Japanese businesses have taken steps to reinf

9、orce oversight functions, for example by engaging independent outside directors. In 1997, Sony Corporation took the _(S3) of cutting its executive board from 38 to 10 directors while introducing the new post of executive officers. Other companies including Omron and Kobe Steel followed suit, and by

10、2000 about 240 businesses had reportedly made similar _ (S4) reforms.,manuals,periodically,initiative,structural,Company Logo,Even so, the image of companies portrayed by the market and the general public_(S5) far from ethical. For example, in a survey of students views of the Japanese business comm

11、unity, conducted in autumn 2000, 68% of the respondents agreed that Honest companies are not _(S6) while dishonest companies are making profits; 63% believed that There is hardly any information as to which companies are _(S7) , ; 84% believed that “_ (S8) ; and 62% agreed that many companies believ

12、e its worth engaging in unlawful practices. If this is the new generations perception of reality, it means that_ _(S9). Certainly, companies whose business performance has deteriorated as a result of scandals_ _(S10) . But such efforts are not long-lasting if a company fears they will reduce its com

13、petitiveness.,remains,Listen to this ,rewarded,honest,Penalties against scandals are too lenient,Japanese companies have little incentive to tackle ethical and compliance,issues internally,have made greater efforts to deal with,ethical and compliance issues,Company Logo,Passage A,Read and Explore,Pa

14、ssage B,Company Logo,Preview Check,Detailed Study,Language Drill,Passage A,Company Logo,Preview Check,1. What is the cynical attitude toward business morally? And what is the skeptical one?,Text,Moneymaking is inevitably tainted by greed, deceit, and exploitation./Behind every great fortune lies a g

15、reat crime.,Company Logo,Preview Check,2. Why does the author mention The Bible in paragraph 8?,Text,To show that immoral moneymaking goes back a long way.,Company Logo,Preview Check,3. How do the contemporary media define business?,Text,as greedy, corrupt and ruthless.,Company Logo,Preview Check,4.

16、 What do Stephen Covery and Tom Peters think of business morality?,Text,Moral virtue is essential for success in business.,Company Logo,Preview Check,5. Whats the authors attitude toward morality in business?,Text,Against the traditional view and in favor of creating new morality norms in business.,

17、Company Logo,Passage A,The Moral Advantage: How to succeed in business by doing the right thing,Text,As for the moral advantage in business, of all places, everyone knows a modicum of ethics is called for in any business you cant cheat your customers forever and get away with it. But wouldnt it be m

18、ore advantageous if you actually could get away with it? Profits would soar out of sight! Then you would really have an advantage, or so the thinking might go. The notion of seeking the moral advantage is a new way of thinking about ethics and virtue in business, an approach that does not accept the

19、 need for trade-offs between ambition and conscience.,Company Logo,Passage A,Far from obstructing the drive for success, a sense of moral purpose can help individuals and companies achieve at the highest and most profitable levels. Cynicism dominates our attitudes about what it takes to succeed in b

20、usiness. A common way of thinking about morality in business goes something like this: Ethical conduct is an unpleasant medicine that society forces down business peoples throats to protect the public interest from business avarice. Morality gets in the way of the cold, hard actions truly ambitious

21、Skepticism people must take to reach their goals. Moneymaking is inevitably tainted by greed, deceit, and exploitation.,Company Logo,Passage A,The quest for profits stands in opposition to everything that is moral, fair, decent, and charitable. Skepticism about moneymaking goes back a long way. The

22、Bible warns that its harder for a rich man to enter the kingdom of heaven than for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle. Behind every great fortune, wrote French novelist Honor de Balzac in the 1800s, lies a great crime. British author G. K. Chesterton sounded the same theme in the early 20th

23、 century, noting that a businessman is the only man who is forever apologizing for his occupation.“ The contemporary media often characterize business as nothing more than a self-serving exercise in greed, carried out in as corrupt and ruthless a manner as possible. In television and movies, moneyma

24、king in business is tainted by avarice, exploitation,Company Logo,Passage A,or downright villainy. The unflattering portrayals have become even more pointed over time. In 1969, the businessman in Philip Roths Goodbye, Columbus advises the storys protagonist, To get by in business, youve got to be a

25、bit of a thief. He seems like a benignly wise, figure compared with Wall Streets 1980s icon, Gordon Gekko, whose immortal words were Greed is good. Yet some important observers of business see things differently. Widely read gurus such as Stephen Covey and Tom Peters point to the practical utility o

26、f moral virtues such as compassion, responsibility, fairness, and honesty. They suggest that virtue is an essential ingredient in the recipe for success, and that moral standards are not merely commendable choices but necessary components of a thriving business career. This is a frequent theme in co

27、mmencement addresses,Company Logo,Passage A,and other personal testimonials: Virtuous behavior advances a career in the long run by building trust and reputation, whereas ethical shortcomings eventually derail careers. The humorist Dorothy Parker captured this idea in one of her signature quips: “Ti

28、me wounds all heels. So whos right - those who believe that morality and business are mutually exclusive, or those who believe they reinforce one another? Do nice guys finish last, or are those who advocate doing well by doing good the real winners? Is the business world a den of thievery or a haven

29、 for upstanding citizens? With colleagues Howard Gardner at Harvard University and Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi at Claremont Graduate University, Ive examined this question by interviewing 40 top business leaders, such as McDonalds,Company Logo,Passage A,CEO Jack Greenberg and the late Washington Post pu

30、blisher Katharine Graham, between 1998 and 2000 as part of our joint Project on Good Work. We found that a strong sense of moral purpose not only promotes a business career but also provides a telling advantage in the quest to build a thriving enterprise. In fact, a sense of moral purpose stands at

31、the center of all successful business innovations. Far from being a constraining force that merely keeps people honest and out of trouble, morality creates a fertile source of business motivation, inspiration, and innovation.,Company Logo,Passage A,This is different from the view of morality youll e

32、ncounter in a typical business-ethics course. Its so different that I now speak about moralities, in the plural, when discussing the role of virtue and ethics in business. Morality in business has three distinct faces, each playing its own special role in ensuring business success. (867 words),Compa

33、ny Logo,Honor de Balzac (1799-1850): French journalist and writer, one of the creators of realism in literature. Balzacs huge production of novels and short stories are collected under the name La Comdie humaine, which originated from Dantes The Divine Comedy.,Company Logo,Philip Roth (1933): Americ

34、an novelist and short story writer. Roth achieved first fame with GOODBYE COLUMBUS (1959). It consisted of a novella and five short stories and described the life of a of Jewish middle- class family.,Company Logo,G.K. Chesterton (1874 1936): He was a prolific and gifted British writer in virtually e

35、very area of literature. A man of strong opinions and enormously talented at defending them, his exuberant personality nevertheless allowed him to maintain warm friendships with people such as George Bernard Shaw and H. G. Wells-with whom he vehemently disagreed. During his life he published 69 book

36、s and at least another ten have been published after his death. Many of those books are still in print.,Company Logo,Gordon Gekko, a hero in the film Wall Street, in 1987. Gordon is the premiere capitalist. To him its not about how much money one has as its a zero sum game. Gekko proudly boasts that

37、 he makes nothing. Gekko uses inside information to gain the upper hand in his stock investments. He signs over control of his porto folio to Bud Fox at one point so he could be fully insulated from any potential legal downfall down the road.,Company Logo,Stephen Covey, PhD, is an internationally re

38、spected leadership authority, family expert, teacher, organizational consultant, and co-chairman of Franklin Covey Co. He is also the author of several acclaimed books, including The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People.,Company Logo,Tom Peters (1942): U.S. contemporary economist. Fortune calls Tom P

39、eters the Ur-guru (guru of gurus) of management and compares him to Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, Walt Whitman and H.L. Mencken. Tom describes himself as a prince of disorder, champion of bold failures, maestro of zest, professional loudmouth, corporate cheerleader, lover of markets, cap

40、italist pig, and card-carrying member of the ACLU.,Company Logo,Claremont Graduate University CGU is like no other graduate-level university in the nation. Founded in 1925, CGU is an independent institution devoted entirely to graduate study. The Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching h

41、as classified CGU as a Doctoral Research University-Extensive, the highest rating in its new classification system, reserved for some of the worlds finest institutions.,Company Logo,Washington Post publisher Katharine Graham Katharine Graham was chairman of the executive committee of The Washington

42、Post Company from 1993 until her death on July 17, 2001. She was chairman of the board from May 1973 to May 1991 and served as president from 1963 to 1973. She was publisher of The Washington Post newspaper from 1969 to 1979.Mrs. Graham was the author of Personal History, a memoir for which she rece

43、ived the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for Biography.,Company Logo,Microsoft Corporation is a leading American computer software company. The companys Windows operating systems for personal computers are the most widely used operating systems in the world. Microsofts other well-known products include Word, a

44、word processor; Excel, a spreadsheet program;,Microsoft,Access, a database program; and PowerPoint. Microsofts Internet Explorer allows users to browse the World Wide Web.,Company Logo,modicum n.,modicum of sth small or moderate amount of sth,Examples,Anyone with even a modicum of intelligence would

45、 have realized that!,Company Logo,cynic n.,person who believes that people do not do things for good, sincere or noble reasons, but only for their own advantage,cynicism n.,cynical attitude 愤世嫉俗主义,Company Logo,avarice n.,greed for wealth or gain,Examples,Avarice makes rich people want to become even

46、 richer.,Company Logo,skepticism n.,doubting state of mind,skeptical adj.,skeptical of/about sth unwilling to believe sth,e.g. I m rather skeptical about their professed sympathy for the poor.,Company Logo,downright adj.,thorough, complete frank, straightforward,Examples,a downright lie, downright s

47、tupidity,Company Logo,villainy n.,wickedness,Examples,capable of great villainy/villainies,Company Logo,portrayal n.,action of portraying description or representation,Examples,1. a skillful portrayal of a lonely and embittered old man,Company Logo,protagonist n.,Examples,1. an outspoken protagonist

48、 of electoral reform 2. a leading protagonist of the womens movement,chief character in a drama; hero leader or advocate of a cause,Company Logo,benign adj.,(of people or actions) kindly; gentle mild; pleasant (of a tumor, etc) not likely to spread or recur after treatment; not dangerous,Company Log

49、o,icon n.,sacred person, someone famous who is admired by many people and is thought to represent an important idea,Examples,a 60s cultural icon,Company Logo,guru n.,expert, someone who knows a lot about a particular subject, and gives advice to other people,Examples,a management guru, a fashion gur

50、u,Company Logo,derail v.,if a train derails or sth derails it, it goes off the tracks to spoil or interrupt a plan, agreement etc,Examples,a mistake that might derail the negotiations,Company Logo,quip n.,witty or sarcastic remark,Examples,He ended his speech with a merry quip.,Company Logo,charitab

51、le adj.,charitable (to/towards sb.) generous in giving money, food, etc to poor people,Examples,a charitable institution, organization, body, etc.,Company Logo,conscience n.,the part of your mind that tells you whether what you are doing is morally right or wrong,Examples,I cant tell you what to do

52、its a matter of conscience (something that you must make a moral judgment about.),Company Logo,constrain v.,constrain sb from doing sth to stop someone from doing what they want to do,Examples,Financial factors should not constrain doctors from prescribing the best treatment for patients.,Company Lo

53、go,constrained adj.,feel constrained to do sth to feel that you must do sth.,Examples,He felt constrained to accept the invitation.,Company Logo,decent adj.,proper, acceptable,Examples,We must provide decent housing for the poor. The hospital has no decent equipment. Hes done the decent thing and re

54、signed.,Company Logo,taint v.,if sth bad taints a situation or person, it makes the person or situation seem bad to damage something by adding an unwanted substance to it,Examples,Baker argues that his trial was tainted by negative publicity. The water had been tainted with a deadly toxin.,Company L

55、ogo,upstanding adj.,honest and responsible standing upright or pointing upwards,Examples,upstanding young men and women,Company Logo,you cant cheat your customers forever and get away with it.,Paraphrase,if you keep trying to deceive your customers they will find out.,Company Logo,But wouldnt it be

56、more advantageous if you actually could get away with it? Profits would soar out of sight!,Paraphrase,Wouldnt it be better if you really run away from it? You would be so much lucky.,Company Logo,The contemporary media often characterize business as nothing more than a self-serving exercise in greed

57、, carried out in as corrupt and ruthless a manner as possible.,Paraphrase,The modern press often describes business as a greedy activity, done in corrupt and fierce manner.,Company Logo,Far from being a constraining force that merely keeps people honest and out of trouble, morality creates a fertile

58、 source of business motivation, inspiration, and innovation.,Paraphrase,Business ethics are not only a constraining force to keep people honest, but also a rich source of business motivation, inspiration and innovation.,Company Logo,Language Focus,1,Vocabulary,2,Phrases,3,Read and Translate,Company Logo,Ex. 4 Fill in the bla