医学常用英文术语

1、Medical English- terminology (术语),Zhang Fan, Associate Professor 张 帆 副教授 Hainan Medical University 海南医学院,Self Introduction,Bachelor degree in Clinic Medicine, Xiangya Medical School, CSU; Master degree in Nutrition, Kings College London, University of London MD in Nutrition, Nutrition and Health Ins

2、titute, China CDC,Questions,What does Medical English mean to you? Why do we have to learn it? What are the differences between Medical English and Public English?,The difficulties in medical English,New words Long sentences,body,article,systems,organs,tissues,cells,parts,paragraphs,sentences,words,

3、1. Origins of Medical Language,Parkinson disease hepatitis SARS posttraumatic stress disorder arthritis,Meniere disease nuclear medicine scanner AIDS Alzheimer disease osteoporosis,Exercise,Greek or Latin B. Eponym C. Acronym D. modern language,Example,2. Word Parts,Problem：medical terms are too lon

4、g, what can we do？,venofibrosis = veno静脉+fibro纤维+sis状态（化） venography = veno静脉+graphy造影术 venosclerosis = veno静脉+sclero硬+sis化 venovenostomy = veno静脉+ven静脉+ostomy吻合术,2. Word Parts,Example,gastroduodenostomy a communication between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine.,Example,gastro =

5、胃(stomach) duodenum = 十二指肠 anastomosis = 吻合术 gastro + duoden + ostomy = ?,1) combining form,In the linguistics of word formation, a combining form is a bound designed to combine with another combining form or a free word. There are hundreds of combining forms in English and other European languages.

6、 As traditionally defined, they cannot stand alone as free words. E.g., bio-graphy = biography,Combining vowel,In Greek and Latin grammar, combining bases usually require a thematic or stem-forming vowel. A vowel usually facilitates the combination: in biography, the Greek thematic vowel -o-, in min

7、iskirt, the Latin thematic -i-. This vowel is usually regarded as attached to the initial base (bio-, mini-) rather than the final base (-graphy, -skirt). E. g., auto-analysis, hydro-electricity,2) Word Formation,1. Which of the following is a compound word? urinary skeletal gastrointestinal coronar

8、y artery,compound word,gastrointestinal 胃+combining vowel+肠道+suffix(adj.),2) Word Formation,2. The adjective for thorax 胸 is_ thoraxic thoracic thoral thorial thoraxial,2) Word Formation,The adjective for thorax is thoracic,Case Study,Multiple Health Problems-Secondary to Injury,Case Study: Multiple

9、 Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,D.S., a 28-year-old woman, was treated for injuries sustained in a train derailment accident. sustain-v. 经受 derailment-n.出轨 cognitive derailment-认知错乱,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During the course of her treatment, she was seen by severa

10、l specialists专科医师. For pain in her knee and hip joints, she was referred转诊 to an orthopedist. For migraine headaches and blurry 模糊 vision, she consulted a neurologist.,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,For pain on urination排尿 and occasional bloody urine, she saw a urologist. La

11、ter, for a persistent dry cough and problems resulting from a fractured nose, she was referred to an otorhinolaryngologist. Q1. The -ist in the words is a: a. prefix b. root c. suffix d. combining form e. conjunction,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During her initial course o

12、f treatment, she had a CT scan of her abdomen腹部 and brain and an MRI of her hip and knee. Q2. MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging. This term represents a(n): a. combining form b. acronym c. prefix d. suffix,Both imaging studies required her to lie motionless on her back for 45 minutes. Q3. Thi

13、s position is referred to as: a. supine b. prone c. lateral recumbent d. lithotomy e. Trendelenburg,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Several months after the accident, D.S. was still experiencing some discomfort, and she

14、decided to investigate alternative therapies替代疗法. She made an appointment with a practitioner who specialized in homeopathy顺势疗法 and herbal medicine.,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Before her appointment, she browsed in the Nutra-Medica Shop, which carried nutritional supplem

15、ents营养补充剂, vitamin and mineral products, homeopathic remedies顺势治疗药, and herbal formulas方剂.,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,She planned to ask the therapist about some of the products that she saw there, which included remedies with the trade names Pneumogen, Arthogesia-Plus,

16、Renovite, Nephrostat, and Hematone. Q4. The products Renovite and Nephrostat are named for their action on the: a. lung b. nerves c. liver d. heart e. kidney,Prefix Exercise 1,anabove ect, exdifferent end, enlarge, enlarge heterwithout, not homwithin, inner hyperouter, out hypobelow megaround micrsa

17、me peri small,Common suffix,Common suffix,Techniques for learning medical terms built from word parts,Analyzing Defining Building,Analyzing,Divide the term into word parts with vertical slashes: “/” Label each word part by using the abbreviations: WR, P, S, CV Label the combining forms,Exercise 2,hy

18、podermic antiseptic dyskinesia periodontitis,To analyze the medical words,Exercise 2,Root Root+Suffix Prefix+Root+Suffix derm dermic hypodermic sept septic antiseptic kines kinesis dyskinesia odont odontitis periodontitis,皮下的 防腐的 运动障碍 牙周炎,Exercise 3,WORD anemia endocarditis homosexual hypodermic hypertension hepatitis AIDS arthritis osteoporosis gastrointestinal,MEANING 贫血 心内膜炎 同性恋的 皮下的 高血压 肝炎 艾滋病 关节炎 骨质疏松 胃肠的,Summary,1. Origins of Medical language : Greek