倒装上课.ppt

1、倒 装 结 构,1.概念：把谓语动词的全部或一部分放在主语之前，就叫“倒装结构”. 如： Are you fond of pop music? Away flew the bird. On the wall hangs a picture.,2.分类：部分倒装 you can B. have you ; can you C. you have ; you can D. you have ; can you,7.Nowhere else in the world _ more friendly people than in China. A. you will find B. can you b

2、e able to find C. you may have found D. can you find 8.Not until 1998 _ back to his hometown. A. came he B. that he came C. did he come D. that he did come 9.Hardly _ when it started raining. A. the game had begun B. the game began C. did the game begin D. had the game begun,10.So little _ agree on

3、the plan that they could not settle the differences. A. did they B. do they C. they did D. they did not 11.Only after I read the text over again _ its main idea. A. that I knew B. did I know C. I could know D. I did know 12.Little _ when I took the trip where it would lead me. A. have I known B. had

4、 I known C. do I know D. did I know,13. _ did the students realize they were mistaken. A. It was until B. It was not until then C. Not until then D. Not until 14.Only by reading a lot _ progress in English. A. you can make B. can you make C. will you able to make D. can make you 15.Seldom _ time to

5、go shopping these days. A. did I have B. do I have C. have I D. I have,倒装分为部分倒装和完全倒装 部分倒装: 把谓语动词的一部分移至主语的前面。 全部倒装: 把整个谓语动词置于主语之前。 单个的be动词只用全部倒装,但如果把表语,宾语,状语或宾语补足语等提到主语之前,则被称作前置。,一、全部倒装。 介词短语作状语置于句首或here, there, away, down, in, up, off, out, now, then, next, thus 等副词开头的句子里，单一的谓语动词，主语是名词。 Now comes yo

6、ur turn. Out rushed the crowd. Under that table sleeps a brown cat. North of the city lies a big paper mill. 如果主语为代词,则主谓语序不变. Here you are. Out they rushed.,2. 直接引语的全部或一部分置于句首时 “ Help!” shouted the boy. 主语为代词时不倒装. “Lets go” he said. 3. 为了保证句子平衡, 或为了使上下文紧密衔接时，或为了强调表语。 They arrived at a farm house, in

7、 front of which sat a small boy. Inside the Pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms.,二、部分倒装 用于一般疑问句中. 用于so, nor, neither开头的句子,表示重复前句的部分内容; 原句的谓语应与前句谓语的时态、形式相一致. I like music; so does my sister. I dont like music; neither/nor does my sister. A: Today it

8、 is very hot here. B: So (Indeed) it is. A: You work hard and so (in the same way) do I. B: So (Indeed) I do.,3. Only +状语位于句首时. Only in this way can you hope to make progress in English. Only when one is away from home does one realize how nice home is. only +主语/宾语时不倒装 Only I realized the significan

9、ce of the danger then. Only him the teacher praised.,4. 在sothat 句型中，若so-phrase置于句首时。 So difficult was the mathematics exam in our school that more than a half of the students failed to pass it. So carelessly did he drive that he almost killed himself.,5. hardlywhen; no sooner than; not until, not on

10、ly, never, not, no longer, little, seldom, scarcely, barely, in no time, nowhere , by no means, in no case, 等否定副词和连词位于句首时。 Hardly had we arrived home when it began to rain. No sooner had we arrived home than the phone rang. Not until I began to study did I realize how much time I had wasted. Never b

11、efore has our country been as united as it is today.,6. 在虚拟语气中，条件句中若有were, had或should，可将if省去，将were/should/had 提到句首使用倒装句型。 If I were not in this position, I would do whatever Id like to. Were I not in this position, . 7. 用于as引导的让步状语从句中。 Clever as he is, he doesnt work hard. Hero as he is , he keeps m

12、odesty. Much as he likes her, he cant marry her. Try as he may, he has not caught the 12:35 train. 在这种倒装句中，主谓语序不变；名词前不用冠词。,（一）高考题导入： 1）、_homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest.（2006年福建） A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 2）、Only then _ how much damage had been c

13、aused.（陕西） A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realized D. she had realized,A,C,在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或者一部分（通常是助动词或情态动词）却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做“倒装”。,(二) 倒装句概述：,1、倒装的目的：由于结构和修辞的需要 2、倒装句分类：部分倒装和全部倒装。 3、语序：谓语的一部分或全部放在主语前面。,（三）倒装句分类及例析：1、全部倒装：,1）直接引语的部分或全部在句首时用倒装。 “Who can answer the ques

14、tion?” asked the teacher. 2）、there, here 或there 开头的句子 There will be a football match this afternoon. Here comes the bus There goes the bell,3)表示方位的副词放句首时用倒装 Out rushed the students. 4)为了句子平衡，或使上下文衔接，把介词短语、副词、形容词等放句首。 On top of the books_ the photo album you are looking for.(2005年上海春季) A. is B. are C

15、. has D. have At the foot of the mountain_ （2006年四川高考） A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village,A,B,2、部分倒装：,1）“so + be / have -+ 主语”或“neither / nor + be / have- + 主语”，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或事。 He is a teacher, so am I . Of the making of good books there is no end; neither_

16、 any end to their influence on mans lives.(2004年广东) A.there is B. there are C. is there D. are there,C,2)含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，多用部分倒装。如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly-when-, no sooner-than,等。,Never in the wildest dreams _ these people are living in such poor conditio

17、ns（2006安徽高考） AI could imagine Bcould I imagine CI couldnt imagine Dcouldnt I imagine Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else_ such a beautiful place.(2004年辽宁) Acan you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find,B,A,3）only 所强调的状语位于句首用倒装,Only then _ how much damage had be

18、en caused.（2006年陕西高考） A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realized D. she had realized 4）not until放句首时：not until +副词/状语从句+助动词 + 主语。 Not until recently _he was a scientist. A. I did know C. did I know C. I didnt know D. didnt I know,C,C,5)not only-but also-在句首，强调的不是主语,用倒装。 _ snacks and and

19、 drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.(2004年上海) A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring 6）在虚拟条件句中，省略连词if ,把were, had, should 置于句首。 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will n

20、ot be immediately cut off.（2006年湖北） A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be,B,B,（四）高考题等精选：,1）_ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies.（2006年浙江高考） A. OnlyB. JustC. StillD. Yet 2).Only in this way _ progress in your English. A. you make B

21、. can you make C. you be able to make D. will able to make 3）So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.（2006年广东） A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found,A,B,B,4）-Its burning hot today, isnt it? -Yes. _yesterday（2006年福建） A. So was it B. So it w

22、as C. So it is D. So is it 5). So little_ with each other that the neighbouring countries could not settle their difference.(2005年上海春季) A. they agreed B. agreed they C. did they agree D. they did agree 6) The old couple have married for 40 years and never once _ with each other.(2003年全国) A. they had

23、 quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled.,A,C,C,7) _ so busy, I should go with you. A. Were I not B. Was I not C. If I am not D. I were not 8).He likes swimming, but he doesnt enjoy skating. A. So do I B. It is so with me C. Neither do I. D. It is the same with

24、me. 9).Hardly_ we _ the lab when the power _ off. A. Had; left; was B. did; leave; broke; C. had; left; had been D. did; leave; had been 10). No sooner had he come back home_ the telephone began to ring.(1999年高考) Athan B. when C. then D. that,A,A,A,INVERSION 倒装句,一、完全倒装,（整个谓语移至主语的前面）,1. Here, there,

25、now, then 放在句首时,Here is a letter for you. There comes the bus. There are different forms of energy. There flows a small river in front of the village. Now comes your turn.,当主语是代词时， Here you are. There he comes.,句子不倒装。,2. in, out, down, up, back, over, away, off放在 句首时,In came the teacher and the less

26、on began. Down fell the bowl on the ground. Up into the sky flew the arrow. Away went the angry old couple. Out rushed the young man.,当主语是代词时， In he came and the lesson began.,句子不倒装。,3.表示方位的短语放在句首时,In front of the farm house sat a small boy. All around the fox in a circle were the dogs. Nearby is th

27、e Indianapolis race course.(1991阅读） Outside were two men, neatly dressed in grey suits.（1995 阅读）,4.直接引语的引述短语的倒装,“What do you want?” asked the man. “Miss Li,” said the officer, “would you mind my smoking here?”,二、部分倒装,（只把助动词、情态动词、系动词或表语放在主语之前）,1、有否定含义的副词放在句首时,(never, hardly, scarcely, not only, nor,

28、seldom, little, rarely, nowhere, by no means, not until, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, ect.),Hardly did I think it possible. 2) Not only should we not be afraid of difficulties, but we should try our best to overcome them. 3) By no means will this method be satisfactory.,Ex. : 1) Not until midnight did

29、 it stop raining. 2) They had no sooner got to the plant than they started to work. 3) I have never seen such a man.,= It didnt stop raining until midnight.,= No sooner had they got to the plant than they started to work.,= Never have I seen such a man.,2.频度副词和短语放在句首时,( often, always, once, many a t

30、ime, so+adj/adv., thus, now and again, every other day, ect.),Often had I intended to speak of it. Many a time has he helped me with experiment. So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. So busy is he that he has no time to spare. Thus was the Emperor deceived.,= He

31、 is so busy that he has not time to spare.,= The Emperor was thus deceived.,3.副词only及其修饰的状语放在句首时,Only then did I realize the importance of English. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.,= I realized the importance of English only then.,= He was able to get happi

32、ly back to work only when the war was over in 1918.,4.以so, neither, nor开头，表示另一人或物“也一样”或“也不这样”,He saw it, （我也看见） They can swim. （我们也会） You cant do it. （我也不会） The first one wasnt good and （第二个也不好）,and so did I.,So can we.,Nor / Neither can I.,nor / neither was the second.,* * 1）-It was hot yesterday.

33、- （确实如此） 2）-He works hard. - (确实如此）,So it was.,So he does.,5.用在强调表语的句子中,Tired as / though he was, he went on working. Child as / though she is, she knows a great deal.,= Although / Though he was tired, ,= Although / Though she is a child,Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man of great achievements.

34、The children listened quietly to the story. Great was their fear.,6.用在省略了的条件句中,1) Should he meet me, he would know me. 2) Were I you, I would go there alone. 3) Had he finished reading the book, he would have returned it to the library.,= If he should meet me, he would know me.,= If I were you, I wo

35、uld go there alone,= If he had finished reading the book, he would have returned it to the library.,7.用在感叹句中,How happy we are! What a terrible noise the machine makes! What a beautiful picture that is!,8.用在表示“祝愿”的句子中,May you succeed. Long live our motherland,倒装句,全部倒装 部分倒装,全部倒装,1, 表方向的介词短语、副词放句首时，谓语为

36、某些表状态的动词：lie, stand等 或表示位置转移的动作动词：go , come, run, walk等（主语是代词时，不倒装） To the north of the city lies a small island. Down jumped the prisoner from the tenth floor when the policeman pointed his pistol at him. Off we go. Up went the prices and down came the living standard.,2, 以here, there, now, then ,

37、thus, hence等引起的句中，谓语动词常为：go, come, be, stand, lie, , fall等的一般现在时或一般过去时 there be句型中，be 可换成stand, lie, live, used to be, appear to be, happen to be, seem to be, come, go, enter, follow, rise, arise, remain, etc. 1) There lies a small river at the foot of the hill. 2) There seemed to be something wrong

38、 with the door. 3) There used to be a tall tree in the front of our old house. 4) There appear to be several reasons for changing our plan. 5) Look out! There comes a truck. 6) There followed an uncomfortable silence. 7) Listen! There goes the bell. 8) There remained a still difficult and dangerous

39、task for us to solve. 9) There appears to have been a misunderstanding. 10) Once there lived a king whose name was Midas. 11) Then came the age of knowledge economy.,3, 为了保持句子平衡，可把介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首 Present at the dancing party were the teachers in our school and some foreign friends. 4, such 放句首，完全

40、倒装，动词单复数由后面的名词而定 Such is life. Such were his words.,部分倒装,1, 具有否定意义的词语（主语除外）位于句首时，句子部分倒装。常见的词和短语有： hardly, little, never, not until, rarely, seldom, in no way, at no time, in no case, by no means, hardly (scarcely/barely)when, no sooner than等 Seldom did I make any mistakes during my past five years o

41、f service here.,常见的句型： 1)Not only does he like English, but also he learns it well. 2)Neither at this meeting nor at the previous one did they discuss the proposal. (Not only I but also he likes English. 连接主语，谓语就近原则) (Neither he nor I know the matter. 连接主语，谓语就近原则) 3)Not until he returned to the scho

42、ol did he know that he failed the exam. = He did not know that he failed the exam until he returned to the school. = It was not until he returned to the school that he knew that he failed the exam. 4)No sooner had we reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to rest. = Hardly/scarcely/barely

43、had we reached the top of the hill when we all sat down to rest. = We had no sooner reached the top of the hill than we all sat down to rest. = We had hardly reached the top of the hill when we all sat down to rest.,2, neither, nor 或so开头的句子或分词的倒装 so 的倒装句表示同样的事情用于另外一个人；当so放在句前，表示对对方所陈述的内容表示肯定，不用倒装。 1

44、) “Jerry wants to complete the important task. ” “So does his brother.”（也如此） 2) “Jerry wants to complete the important task.” “So he does”（他的确这样） 3， 省略if的虚拟条件状语从句的倒装,4， 由as, though, however引导的让步状语从句的倒装 （主谓不倒装） adj./adv./ v./n.（不带冠词） as + 主 谓. 1) Busy as/though he is, he can fulfill the task ahead of

45、 the schedule. (as引导的让步状语从句，只能倒装) CF. Although/Though it was very late, he went on working. Though (he was) young, Mr. Smith did it very well. Hardworking as he was, there was never enough money to pay the bills. 2) However busy he is, he comes to visit his parents every Friday. 3) Child as he is, h

46、e knows a lot about computer.(表语前置，无冠词),5， So/Suchthat的倒装形式 1） So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed. 2） To such an extent did the temperature rise that the fireman had to leave the burning house. 6，强调句子的状语时的倒装（频度、方式well、地点状语提到句首） 常用的词有：often, always, once, every

47、 day, many a time, every few weeks. Many a time have we tried that test. Often does our teacher tell us English is useful in every field. Well do I remember the day.,7, only + 状语放句首的倒装形式 Only in this way can we solve the problem. = We can solve the problem only in this way. CF. Only we can solve the

48、 problem. Only after I had known him foe some time did I begin to appreciate his real worth. 8, 某些表示祝愿的句子用倒装 May this book in a way help you remember me.,1.At the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker . 2.Outside the doctors clinic were twenty patients . 3.In the hall stood the minister from the

49、 village . 4.Only then did I realize that the man was blind . 5.Seldom in my life have I met such a man . 6.Not only was there no electricity ,but also no water .,1.At the front of the lecture hall sat the speaker . The speaker sat at the front of the lecture hall . 2.Outside the doctors clinic were

50、 twenty patients . Twenty patients were outside the doctors clinic. 3.Only then did I realize that the man was blind . I realized that the man was blind only then . 4.Seldom in my life have I met such a man . I have seldom met such a man in my life .,完全倒装: 部分倒装:,全部谓语放在主语之前,只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前,1.Here co

51、mes the bus . 2.There goes the bell . 3.Away went the students . 4.In came the teacher . 5.Now comes the chance . 6.Then came the man whom they had been looking for . 7.There are some books on the table. 8.Here you are . 9.There she goes .,1. Here comes the bus . 2. There goes the bell . 3. Away wen

52、t the students . 4. In came the teacher . 5. Now comes the chance . 6. Then came the man they had been looking for . 7. Here you are . 8. There she goes .,表示方位和时间的副词位于句首时（e.g. now ,then here ,there,out ,in ,up,down ,away ,back, off,on ), 句子全部倒装。 （此时，谓语动词使用一般现在时和一般过去时） 注：主语是代词时， 使用陈述语气。（如7，8）,1.In a

53、lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor . 2.In front of our school stands a tower . 3.By either side of the river grow a lot of apple trees . 4.At the top of the mountain stands a temple . 5. Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers and toys.,以介词短语表示的状语，提前位于句首时，全部倒装。,Eg: present

54、at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.,A: 形容词+连系动词+主语,Eg: Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.,B:过去分词+连系动词+主语,表语位于句首时，倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”,1.He went to the film last night.So did I . 2.You must finish your work ,so must I . 3.Sh

55、e is interested in the story ,so am I . 4.He didnt turn up .Neither did his brother . 5.His mother told him not to go to the film .So he did. 6.-He is a tall man . -So he is .,将soneither nor 放在开头,表示“也(不)”的意思时,部分倒装 注:表示“确实是这样”时,不倒装,1.Were he younger(=If he were younger ),he would learn skating . 2.Sh

56、ould they forget (=If they should forget ) to bring a map with them ,they would get lost in the woods . 3.Had they realized (=If they had realized ) how important the task was ,they wouldnt have refused to accept . 4.Were I you ,I would help her .,在if 条件句中,通常可以省略if ,而将从句倒装 条件:在if 条件句,必须含有系动词were, 助动

57、词 had 和情态动词should,1.Never have I been there . 2.Little did I know about it . 3.Seldom did she come late to school . 4.Not a single mistake did he make . 5.By no means should you buy that kind of car . 6.Nowhere else can you find such a beautiful park .,否定词或半否定词(never .little ,seldom ,not ,nowhere ,s

58、carely ,few ,by no means ,at no time )位于句首,应部分倒装,1.Not until 10clock will the library open . 2.No sooner had I gone out than he came to see me . 3.Hardly had the train arrived when I ran to meet my friend. 4.Not only does she speak English but also she follows the British way of life .,以not until ,no sooner than , hardly when ,not only but also 所引导的状语放在句首时,需要部分倒装,1.Only in this way can we so