要求及专八作文专四.ppt

1、April 18, 2009,TEM FOUR,一、专四写作要求,1.作文： 能根据所给的作文题目提纲或图标数据等，写一篇200个单词左右的作文。能做到内容切题完整，调理清楚，结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺，表达得体。考试时间35分钟。 2.便条： 要求根据提示写大约50-60词的通知、便条、请帖等。要求格式正确，语言得体。考试时间为10分钟。,二、评分原则,1. 是否达到教学大纲的要求； 2. 采用总体评分的方法； 3. 从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判； 4. 避免趋中倾向 5. 评分时综合考虑以下四个问题：作文是否体现主题思想，组织结构是否合理，语法文字是否有重大错误，卷面布局是否整

2、洁。,表1 专四英语作文历年考题（1992-2008）,四、审题,（一）提纲式作文 给定观点型 My ideal job 对比选择型 自由发挥性 What makes a good roommate? What I have learned from my years at university? 论证关系型 Financial disparity and friendship Success and failure,What I Have Learned From My Years at University The development of an individual human ex

3、istence can be divided into several important stages. But no period can be more influential upon the later course of our life than the years we have experienced in college. Here is the cradle of intelligentsia with vision, mission and passion. And now, as I am ready to leave campus and face the real

4、 world, I dare say that no other place can teach me more.,I am very proud that in university I have learnt how important it is for one to have vision, that ability to see ahead of time and possibly others. College has raised me up, so that I could enjoy a broader view of the world. University Librar

5、y, the sanctuary of mind always keeps me in a close touch with the great thoughts of giants, Shakespeare, Russell, Churchill, Roosevelt, to name only a few. All these overwhelmingly famous names have turned familiar and friendly here. These great minds teach me how to live a meaningful life. They wa

6、rn me that the last but greatest enemy for mankind is human existence itself. Their words of wisdom shall guide and guard me to overcome all the obstacles beset in the course of my life. In the light of this statement, I have to say that college years have brightened up my vision.,It is at universit

7、y that I have acquired an added understanding of the meaning of mission i.e. man should have shoulders strong enough to take more responsibilities of the time. College has enriched me, so that I, to some extent, have discovered the truth to live by. When I was a sophomore, I was chosen a volunteer f

8、or the Red Cross Institution. My job, then, was to assist the doctor with the blood collecting in a blood donation car on the street. Those days bestowed me with a moving but a little bit singular picture, in which the painful injection and hearty smile are perfectly and beautifully combined. Every

9、parcel of blood means a piece of hope, through which I see that the possession of life lies in sharing. This is how college years has defined my mission.,It is after some years at university that I have better apprehended Tonybee when he said, “Glory belongs to those who are actually in the arena, f

10、ighting passionately whilst showing every now and then mistakes or shortcomings.” I have understood the spirit of transcending myself, sometimes even in a crazy way. If youth is the freshness of the deep springs of life, then college must be the fountain of passion. It cheers in the chaos of gym; it

11、 hides in the silence of lab. During the college years, I never stopped pursuing my own dream, because I never fail to be inspired by the flowing current of young passion.,Lawrence H. Summers, former President of Harvard said in his farewell speech, “College graduates, capable of deep reflections ar

12、e what the world needs.” Living in a world of madding crowd, a group, or even a small group of people are expected to remain transcendental and sober. If any can live up to so high a standard of existence, college graduates can. And I am fortunate in being among them at this moment and having spared

13、 little time cultivating my vision, mission and passion in the past four years. With these, I have better courage to change myself and most probably better preparation for my future.,Financial Disparity and Friendship People have long been dominated by a fixed notion that friendship rests more large

14、ly on economic status shared by friends than anything else. They believe that financial disparity will definitely affect friendship. Indeed, “Birds of a feather flock together.” Unfortunately, this notion of friendship cannot always apply. The possible truth is that, in a harmonious universe, birds

15、of different feathers can and should be flying together. Therefore, one is sure to have friends from different economic backgrounds, and true friendship transcends financial differences. It embraces the quality of being genuine, lasting and productive.,To begin with, true friendship should be genuin

16、e. Genuine friendship does not assume the commonly held view that financial equality can nurture a harmonious relationship between friends. Karl Marx and Engels, two great German thinkers, have provided an undisputable example in this regard. They came from totally different families, the former bei

17、ng financially disadvantaged while the latter being a son of wealthy capitalist. However, unlike table friends who might value various material comforts, they developed genuine friendship that helped refuel the two great minds. Together, they contributed to the treasure of human thoughts that has ex

18、erted the greatest impact on the course of history. Their example is educational in that their life-long friendship shows unmistakably that money counts least in true friendship.,Additionally, true friendship should be lasting. People say nothing lasts in the world. But as far as I am concerned, tru

19、e friendship does last forever. With lasting friendship, friends can go far both in life and career. A notable Chinese ancient novel Three Kingdoms renders a typical case in point. LiuBei, GuanYu and ZhangFei, the three protagonists of the book, who were sworn brothers, notwithstanding they were fro

20、m totally different socio-economic backgrounds. Liu was penniless despite the fact that he believed he had descended from aristocracy; Guan, a tramp from modern standard of judgment; Zhang, a wealthy landlord. Their friendship was formed long before they were successful. They clung to their friendsh

21、ip no matter what befell them. With permanent friendship the three lived a meaningful life. With abiding friendship they built a prosperous kingdom called Shu. Ever since then, their friendship has become a legend.,Last but not least, true friendship should be productive. Of course, no one could den

22、y the fact that in seeking friendship, one has some personal concerns like enjoying the company of friends, wining and dining, etc. But the best way to perpetuate good friendship is certainly to make it productive. During the Chinese Cultural Revolution, my uncle met some intellectuals, who suffered

23、 from political persecution and lived in sheer poverty. Rather than look down upon or shun them, my uncle treated them as equal and made them his life-long friends. Together they started their own business when China implemented the opening-up policy some 10 years ago. Through fair and foul, and abo

24、ve all their joined efforts, they finally turned their concern into one of China 500. And today their relationship is more solid than ever before.,As Bacon wrote, “We die as often as we lose a friend.” Few could live a rich, abundant and eager life without friends. Making friends and maintaining las

25、ting friendship are an indispensable part of a successful and happy existence. If we consider what makes a good friend, money is the least concern. While we live, let us make friends.,（二）规定情景式作文 （三）图表式作文,Will the new campaign encourage people to show more kindness?THE Beijing municipal government ha

26、s named the 22nd day of each month Seat-Giving Day. The campaign encourages passengers on public transport to give their seats to people in need elderly citizens, pregnant women, and people with illnesses and disabilities.Riding on the success of its previous campaign encouraging people to wait in o

27、rderly lines in public, local government says it wants to create a caring, loving atmosphere, and harmonious compartments ahead of the Olympics.,To promote this campaign, public transport authorities will run banners, posters, electronic bulletin boards and short films all over the public transport

28、system.Conductors will also hand out cards to passengers who give up their seats willingly, and they will receive credit on the card each time they do so. Passengers with good records will receive awards at the end of the year.Media outlets will also expose those who refuse to give up seats with no

29、good reason, public transport officials say.Do you think it is necessary to provide material incentives or threaten media exposure to encourage people to give up seats?,YesPeople need encouragement to show kindness in public. This high-profile campaign will help remind people to treat each other pol

30、itely and kindly in public.1. The success of the previous campaign to promote queuing in public shows that people react positively to such government efforts to promote public good. The same should apply to Seat-giving Day this time.,NoSeat-giving should be a spontaneous act of kindness; rewarding s

31、uch behavior with material prizes would be artificial and embarrassing, defeating its purpose.1. Some people may feel self-conscious giving up their seats in front of posters urging them to do so; even more so if conductors hand them a card for doing so. Thus, some who would otherwise have given up

32、their seats may now choose to keep their seats.,2. Traditional Chinese moral values dictate that we treat elderly people with respect and help those in need, but the high pressure of urban life has made some people forget that. This campaign will raise awareness, prompting them to show kindness in p

33、ublic.3. For various reasons, those receiving seats sometimes fail to thank their benefactors; public acknowledgement would offer a clear moral incentive for people to do good.,2. Having the press expose and criticize those refusing to give up seats could easily lead to negative effects: the passengers may have legitimate reasons to do so, and it would be unfair to criticize them publicly without learning the full details.3. Giving up seats to other people is kind and polite behavior, but not an obligation. Public condemnation of those refu