7BU4Grammar.ppt

1、Finding your way,Grammar,Unit 4,A big day out for my dog,Look! Here is _ dog. The dog is my good friend.,Now he is lying on _ grass.,He doesnt like staying at home. Because he doesnt feel comfortable in _ big cage. He likes staying in _ open area.,a,the,a,an,Rules: 1.句子中第一次出现名词时，用an/a，第二次出现时用the 2.a

2、和an”相当于“one” （an用于元音音素前）,Rule: 固定搭配,a, an, the,My dog doesnt look like _ elephant. He likes travelling very much.,Today he will tell us _ story about _ day out to _ zoo.,Look! Here is _ elephant.,Look! Here is _ zoo.,an,the,a,a,a,the,There are _ lot of animals in _ zoo.,Go across _ bridge,My dog is

3、very happy. He sees different kinds of animals.,a panda,_ lion,a,the,a,Look, here is_ bridge.,the,a,When my dog is visiting the zoo, he meets with my friend Millie and Daniel. Please finish the dialogue in pairs.,a,a,The,the,an,a,a,an,the,the,My dog sees many animals in the zoo.,Look! Here is _ gira

4、ffe. _ giraffe is walking.,a,The,冠词,不定冠词,定冠词 ( the ),辅音音素之前,元音音素之前,a,an,冠词(article),小试身手：用a或an填空,_ lion _bird _orange _“L” _giraffe _ old man _ “u” _umbrella _ interesting book _ hour _ honest boy,a,a,an,an,an,an,an,a,a,an,注意：an是放于元音音素前，而不是元音字母前。,an,判断一个单词用 a 还是用 an，是根据其读音，而不是根据其首字母。以元音音素开头的词前用“an”，

5、以辅音音素开头的词前”a“。如：an hour, an apple, an elephant, a useful book等。Zxk,特殊词： a usual boy ; a useful book ; a university ; a one leg dog an honest boy ; an hour ; an honor an “a , e , i , o , f, h , l , m , n , r , s , x ”,Exercise I have _ apple. He has _orange . This is _ egg. Jim is _ honest boy and he

6、 is _ university student . 4. Do you have _ computer ? 5. There is _ car in front of the house. English is _ useful language. He is _ unhappy boy. My father will come back in _ hour . There is _ beautiful flower. There is _ “u” and _ “s” in the word “use” Please take _ seat and have _ rest,an an,an,

7、an a,a,a,a,an,an,a,a an a a,It is a panda . The panda is eating bamboo. It is a monkey. The monkey is eating an apple. It is an elephant. The elephant is walking . It is an apple . The apple is red.,How to use “the”,结论： 当我们首次提到某人或某物时， 在前面用不定冠词a/an。 当我们再次提到某人或某物时， 我们在前面加定冠词“the”。,定冠词(the),1. 用于上文提到过的

8、人或事物。,eg. I want to have a fashion show. Where can I have the show?,2. 用于谈话双方都知道的人或事物， 表示“这/那个”。,eg. Whos behind the door? Look at the blackboard.,4. 用于乐器名词前。,5. 用于某些adj.前表示一类人或事物。,eg. play the piano, play the violin, play the guitar,eg. the poor/rich, the old/young,3. 用于世界上独一无二的事物。,eg. the sun, the

9、 moon, the earth, the world, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace,7. 用于序数词、adj.最高级前。,e.g. Hes the third child of his family. I want to go to the biggest cinema.,6. 用于姓氏复数前，表示“夫妇/一家人”。,e.g. The Whites often have a party in the garden.,8. 用于一些固定短语中。,e.g. in the front/middle of , in the morning, at the sa

10、me time, in the centre of ,the Great Wall by the way,小试身手：用适当的冠词填空，为什么？,1.We live on _third floor of the tall building. 2._Whites are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. 3.My cousin ,Amy,like playing _violin. 4._earth goes around _sun. 5.I believe you are _best singer . 6._rich should try the

11、ir best to help _poor.,The,the,the,the,the,The,the,The,序数词前,用于姓氏复数形式前，表示某一家人,乐器前,世界上独一无二的事物,形容词最高级前,某些形容词前，表示某一类人,小试身手：用a/an 或the 完成下列句子,1.Once there lived _ old man . _ old man had 3 sons. 2.- Is there _ library near here? - Yes._ library is just next to _post office. 3.There is _park near my home.

12、 _park is very big. 4. There is _cinema in Green Street. Ill watch _film in _cinema.,a,a,a,a,an,The,the,The,The,the,_ earth goes round _ sun. Jim is _ tallest and _ most interesting 3. _man over there is my teacher. 4. There is _ orange on the table . _ orange is mine . 5. I live on _ twelfth floor.

13、 6. _ Great Wall is _oldest building. 7. I have _aunt . _ aunt is _ doctor. 8. In this exam ,he is _ second. Jim is _ boy . He is _ American boy. _Yellow River is one of _ _ longest rivers. Beijing is in _ north of China,The the,the the,The,an The,the,The the,an The a,the,a an,The the the,不用冠词的情况,1.

14、在专有名词（国名，城市名，人名, 路名） /不可数名词前不用冠词。,2.名词前已经有指示代词（this, that, these, those）、形容词性物主代词（my, his, our ）或名词所有格等限定词。,eg. China, Grade Two, Nanjing listen to music, drink milk,3. 复数名词表示一类人或事物,eg. My parents are teachers. I like cakes and bananas.,零冠词,5.表示语言、学科、三餐、球类运动、棋类运动的名词前。,6. 一些固定短语中,e.g. by plane, go to

15、 school/work, after school, at midnight, at work,4.表示人名、国名、称呼语或头衔等专有名词前。,e.g. After lunch Aunt Lily came. Mr. Lee was very polite.,零冠词（不用冠词） 8、表泛指的不可数名词或名词复数前不用冠词。 Snow is white and beautiful,8. 星期、月份、季节、节日前,e.g. on Monday, in January, in summer, Today is Fathers Day.,但中国的传统节日前一般加“the” The Mid-Autum

16、n Day 中秋节 The Spring Festival 春节,在必要的地方用 a, an, the 填空。,1. Where is Peter? He isnt at _ school. 2. There is _ orange in the fridge. 3. _ pencil on the desk belongs to Sandy. 4. I have _ new bike. I clean _ bike every day.,an,The,a,the,Exercise,5. Dad often goes fishing in _ summer. A: Can I help you

17、? B: Im looking for _ pair of shoes. People in Nanjing now go to work by _ underground. zxxk 8. Who is good at playing _ football in your class? 9. _ boy in a red coat is my cousin.,a,The,10. I live on _ third floor. 11. There is _ “h”, _ “o”, _ “u” in the word “hour”. 12. Simon likes to play _ pian

18、o but he doesnt like to play _ basketball. 13. Beijing is _ capital of China.,the,the,the,a,an,an,1.The dog is _ the box.,1.,2.,2.The dog is _ the box.,3.,3. The dog is _ the box.,4.,4.The dog is _ the boxes.,5. The dog is _ the box.,5.,6.,6. The dog is _ the box.,on,behind,beside/next to,between,un

19、der,in front of,Prepositions of place,方位介词,介词(Preposition),定义： 介词又叫 ，是一种虚词。介词是一种用来表示词与词，或者词与句之间的关系的词，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词一定要有宾语，充当宾语的一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其它词、短语或句子，在句中作状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。,前置词,1.The book on the table is mine. 2. We have breakfast at seven. ,方位介词,Prepositions of place 静态方位介词,Prepositions of place 动态方

20、位介词,inside,Prepositions of place 静态方位介词,The dog is inside the box.,outside,The dog is outside the box.,on the left of the box,on the right of the box,The dog is on the left/right of the box.,2,1,The dog is _ the UFO 1. The dog is _ the UFO2.,under,below,The UFO1 is _ the dog. The UFO2 is _ the dog.,

21、over,above,over 在的正上方 under在的正下方 above在的上方(表面 不接触) below 在的下方 on在的上面(表面接触),over,under,above,below,on,Do you know these words?Lets learn them together.,on,over/above,in front of,behind,on the left of,on the right of,under/below,Prepositions of the place(方位介词),Can you fill in the blanks with these pre

22、positions.,1. There is a face _ the desk. 2. The moon is _ the desk. 3. The sun is _ the desk. 4. I can see a star _ the desk. 5. There is a tree _ the desk.,desk,over,above,under,below,on,The man is _ the tree. The hills are _the forest. The birds are _the tree . The chair is _the basket and the ta

23、ble.,一试身手：用适当的方位介词填空,under,behind,in,between,Suddenly my dog loses his way. He comes to a park.,my dog,a sign,a bench,Where is my dog?,The dog is under the bench.,The flowers are o the shop. The trees are the shop. The shopkeeper is the shop.,in front of,behind,inside,The boy is the shop. The food i

24、s the drinks. The sign is the bench. The dog is the bench.,outside,above,over,under,The flower are in front of the shop. The trees are behind the shop. The shopkeeper is inside the shop.,Look and say,The boy is outside the shop. The food is above the drinks. The drinks are below the food. The sign i

25、s over the bench. The dog is under the bench.,Theres a beautiful lake in the park. Look! Two boys are rowing a boat (1)_ the lake. (2)_ the lake theres a football field. Some boys are playing football (3)_ it. (4)_ the football field, there are two trees. On the left, a bird is singing (5)_ one tree

26、. On the right, two boys are sitting (6)_ the other tree. (7)_ the two trees, three girls chatting (8)_ the bench.,In the park,on,Next To/Beside,on,In front of,in,under,Between,on,My dog finds the park is a wonderful place.,My dog finds the park is a wonderful place.,a beautiful lake/a football fiel

27、d Two boys are rowing a boat. A bird is singing in one tree. Two boys are sitting under the other tree. Three girls are chatting on the bench.,Over/on under above below inside outside in front of behind on the left (of) on the right (of),next to = beside, in the middle of, in the centre of,in, on, a

28、t, opposite（在对面）, near, betweenand ., in the front of,表示静态方位的介词,The boy is driving _ the road.,along,along prep. 沿着,Prepositions of place 动态方位介词,They enjoy running along the river.,他们喜欢沿着河跑步。,The girl wants to climb _ the tree to catch the bird.,up,But can she climb _ the tree?,down,up prep. 沿向上,dow

29、n prep. 沿向下,Hobo is walking _ the table.,around/round prep. 围绕，在周围,around/round,The girl is jumping _ the table.,over,over prep. 越过,Eddie is _ _ the chair.,over,jumping,过桥 go/walk _ the bridge,across,He will climb over the wall and leave the garden.,他将爬过墙离开花园。,The train is going _ the tunnel.,throug

30、h,through prep. (从内部)穿过,The No. 40 bus goes _ Sanshan Street _Yueyuan Residential Quarters.,from,to,from prep. 从,to prep. 到,from to 从到,The bee flies _ the flower.,into,Father Christmas comes _ the chimney.,out of,into prep. 到里面,out of 到外面,The bee flies _ the flower.,into,Father Christmas comes _ the

31、 chimney.,out of,into prep. 到里面,out of 到外面,Simon is swimming across the pool.,Sandy is going to the library.,A train is going through a tunnel.,Sandy,Simon,Talk about the following pictures with prepositions.,Millie is walking along the road.,Kitty is climbing up the hill.,Hobo is walking around the

32、 table.,Millie,Kitty,Eddie is jumping over the chair.,Daniel is walking down the stairs.,Amy is walking from the sofa to the window.,Amy,Daniel,We study _ school every day.,Tom lives _ Washington D.C., the USA.,at,in,along,Millie is walking _ the road.,along,A cat is sleeping _ the balcony.,on,up,do

33、wn,Kitty is climbing _ the hill.,up,Daniel is walking _ the stairs.,down,from,to,Amy is walking _ the sofa to the window.,from,Sandy is going _ the library.,to,Grandpa Zhang is _. The little girl is _.,on the left,on the right,inside,outside,The first bear is _ the box. The second bear is _ the box.

34、,inside,outside,Some people are standing _ the spring(喷泉).,in front of,There are some fruits _ the boy.,behind,across,Simon is swimming _ the pool.,across,through,A train is going _ a tunnel.,through,over,Eddie is jumping _ the chair.,over,A boy is lying _ the tree.,under,There is a bookshelf (书架) _

35、 my desk.,above,The sofa is _ those two pictures.,below,The bank is _ the hotel and the restaurant.,between,There are some butterflies _ the flowers.,among,A waiter is _ Amy.,next to/beside,An office worker is _ the desk.,opposite,My dog finds students are very happy. So he follows them to their cla

36、ssroom. But its very late. I must take him home,Where is my dog? Its _.,At last I take my dog home. He writes his story “ a big day out” on dogs magazine.,Hello! everyone! I am _ little dog. I like travelling very much. I have a big day out. First I go to _ zoo. _ zoo is very interesting. I see _ pa

37、nda and a baby panda._ baby doesnt _ (看起来像) her mother. I see a lion. He lives in _ big cage. I think he should live in _ open area. I feel a little sad. Then, I go to _beautiful park. There is a bench, _ shop, _ football Field and many boys and girls in _ park. Sometimes I am _ (躺在草地上). Sometimes I

38、 am _ (under/below) the bench. I find a bird. It is singing _ (in/on) the tree. At last I go to _ classroom. _ classroom is big and clean. I like playing games with students.,a,a,The,a,The,look like,a,an,a,a,a,the,lying on the grass,under,in,a,The,Test( )1.We live on _third floor the tall building.

39、A. a B. an C. the D./( )2.I like playing _ basketball, while my sister likes playing the piano. A. a B. an C. the D./( )3.There are about 365 days in _ year. A. a B. an C. the D./,C,D,A,( )4.-What do you want to be when you grow up?-I want to be _ social worker. Many people need our help. A. a B. an

40、 C. the D./ ( )5._Greens are preparing for the coming Thanksgiving Day. A. a B. an C. the D./,A,C,( )6.-Why are you standing ,Alice? -I cant see the blackboard clearly. Two tall boys are sitting _ me. A. behind B. next to C. beside D. in front of( )7.What a sunny day !Lets go boating _ the lake, shall we? A. on B. in C. over D. above,D,A,1. Go _ this road and then turn left. 2. Please be careful, the plane is flying _ the clouds. 3. The cat is climbing _ the tree. It wants to get an apple. 4. Tom likes jumping _ the chair. 5. The students must run _the pl