英美文学名著选读课件.ppt

1、Old England in Transition,Old England in Transition,Revision on Medieval English Literature,Choose the right answer.,In 1066, _, with his Norman army, succeeded in invading and defeating England. A. William the Conqueror B. Julius Caesar C. Alfred the Great D. Claudius ?,A,Choose the right answer.,2

2、. In the 14th century, the most important poet is _ . A. Langland B. Wycliffe C. Gower D. Chaucer ?,D,Choose the right answer.,3. The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is _. A. novel B. drama C. romance D. essay ?,C,Choose the right answer.,4. The story of _ is the culmination of the Ar

3、thurian romances. A. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight B. Beowulf C. Piers the Plowman D. The Canterbury Tales ?,A,Choose the right answer.,5. William Langlands _ is written in the form of a dream vision. A. Kubla Khan B. Piers the Plowman C. The Dream of John Bull D. Morte dArthur ?,B,Choose the righ

4、t answer.,6. After the Norman Conquest, three languages existed in England at that time. The Normans spoke _. A. French B. English C. Latin D. Swedish ?,A,Choose the right answer,7. _ was the greatest of English religious reformers and the first translator of the Bible. A. Langland B. Gower C. Wycli

5、ffe D. Chaucer ?,C,Choose the right answer.,8. Piers the Plowman describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed, through which, we can see a picture of the life in the _ England. A. primitive B. feudal C. bourgeois D. modern ?,B,Choose the right answer.,9. The theme of _ to king and lord

6、was repeatedly emphasized in romances. A. loyalty B. revolt C. obedience D. mockery ?,A,Choose the right answer.,10. The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called _. A. Morte DArthur B. Robin Hood C. The Canterbury Tales D. Piers the Plowman ?,B,Choo

7、se the right answer.,11. _, the “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London about 1340. A. Geoffrey Chaucer B. Sir Gawain C. Francis Bacon D. John Dryden ?,A,Choose the right answer.,12. Chaucer died on the 25th October 1400, and was buried in _.

8、 A. Flanders B. France C. Italy D. Westminster Abbey ?,D,13. Chaucers earliest work is his _, a translation of the French Roman de la Rose, which was a love allegory enjoying widespread popularity in the 13th and 14th centuries not only in France but throughout Europe. A. The Romaunt of the Rose B.

9、“A Red, Red Rose” C. The Legend of Good Women D. The Book of the Duchess ?,A,Choose the right answer.,14. In his life-time Chaucer served in a great variety of occupations which had impact on the wide range of his writings. Which one is not his career? _. A. engineer B. courtier C. office holder D.

10、soldier E. ambassador F. legislator (议员) ?,A,Choose the right answer.,15.Chaucer composes a long narrative poem named _ based on Boccaccios poem “Filostrato”. A. The Legend of Good Women B. Troilus and Criseyde C. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight D. Beowulf ?,B,Chapter OneOld England in Transition,Th

11、e New Monarchy(君主制度),13371453,the Hundred Years War with France,the whirlwind旋流 of civil war,the War of the Roses (14551485),between the House of _ and the House of _ struggling for the Crown continued for 30 years.,Lancaster,York,death of Chaucer full of changes,The New Monarchy(君主制度),30 years war,

12、 the nobles, losses, self-destruction,the King, more power than before,Henry VII founded the Tudor dynasty(都铎王朝),a centralized monarchy, met the needs of the rising bourgeoisie,The Reformation,the international regime (统治) Catholic Church,an absolute monarchy (君主专制制度),burdensome;,the Reformation,In

13、England, it was _ who started the Protestant Reformation,Henry VIII (15091547 ),The new religious dogma(教条,信条) as Protestantism(新教,耶稣教), gaining ground,a political movement in a religious guise, a part of the long struggle of the bourgeois class for power.,conflict,be popular,The Protestant Reformat

14、ion,the Counter-Reformation, the reign of Queen Mary (15531558),the bloody religious persecution(迫害): burned as heretics(异教徒),Queen Elizabeth (15581603),reforms more compatible(可和谐共存的) with the monarch, acceptable by many,Reformation more land from the peasants,hired labors for the merchants,fathers

15、 of modern English proletarians (无产阶级),The Commercial Expansion,1.The progress in industry at home stimulated the _ abroad. 2._encouraged exploration and travel, which were compatible(可和谐共存的) with the English merchants. Sea-dogs (船长) as Francis Drake and John Hawkins visited America and other countr

16、ies, who established the_.,first English colonies,commercial expansion,Queen Elizabeth,The War with Spain,Why did England have a war with Spain? Spain was a rival with England over the sea.,The War with Spain,What is the result of the war? The rout (溃败) of the Spanish fleet “Armada” (Invincible战无不胜的

17、). 1. a victory over Spain 2. a triumph of the rising bourgeoisie over the declining of the feudalism The bourgeoisie fought for its existence, came to the fore(在显著地位) in the arena（竞技场） of history.,The rise of the bourgeoisie showed its influence in the intellectual movement, known as the Renaissanc

18、e,The classical works was printed by William Caxton in 1476.,The latter half of the 14th C.Italy, Italian Renaissance influence on Chaucers The Canterbury Tales,?,William Caxton,William Caxton,1.William Caxton was the _ . 2. William Caxton was a prosperous merchant himself, but he was fond of _ , an

19、d his interest was tuning to _.,first English printer,reading,literature,William Caxton,3. He translated The Recuyell of Historyes of Troy into English from French which was the _ book printed in English. 4. The Recuyell served as a source for _ Troilus and Cressida特洛埃勒斯与克雷雪达.,first,Shakespeares,Wil

20、liam Caxton,5. After having established his printing press, William Caxton devoted himself to the career of a _ and _. 6. William Caxton published about _ books, _ of which were translated by himself.,printer,publisher,100,24,William Caxton,7. As the first English printer, Caxton invented in England

21、 the profession of _, which fact has had a lasting significance to the development of English _ as a whole. 8.The influence of Caxtons publications is also great in fixing a _ language in England.,publisher,culture,national,William Caxton,9. By rendering (翻译) French books into English, Caxton exerci

22、sed the youthful language in the airs(曲调), the graces, the crafts of the elder and contributed to the development of the style of _ century English _.,15th,prose,The rise of the bourgeoisie showed its influence in the intellectual movement, known as the Renaissance,English Renaissance,Renaissance an

23、d Humanism,What is Renaissance?,The Renaissance (14th mid-17th century), which means rebirth and revival, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, such as the religious reformation.,What is Renaissance?,The renaissance, therefore, in essence, is a historical period in whic

24、h the European humanist thinkers and scholars tried to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe,What is Renaissance?,to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church from the corruption of the Roman Catholic C

25、hurch(罗马天主教堂).,I. The Key Points of Renaissance,Renaissance means “rebirth”or “revival”. It is stimulated by a series of historical events, such as religious reformation. European humanist thinkers and scholars tried to: 1) get rid of the old feudalist ideas; 2) introduce new ideas of the bourgeoisi

26、e; 3) recover the purity of the early church.,2. Historical Background:,Renaissance first started in,14th, Italy,France,Germany,low countries,England 16th,Belgium, Holland, Luxembourg,II. English Renaissance,1. The history of English Renaissance: Why did Renaissance come to England so late? 1) Separ

27、ation from the Continent. 2) Domestic unrest:self-destruction. (1) The war-like nobles seized the power. (2) The Wars of Roses.,Some important persons in the period:,1)Martin Luther,German Protestant （新教徒）,purify the church,Romes control,corruption,Some important persons:,2) Henry VIII,Defender of t

28、he Church,Supporter of the Movement,marriage,angry,corruption of,broke away from the Roman Church,Some important persons:,3)Edward VI,5)Queen Elizabeth,Son of Henry VIII. He carried out the Reformation of Christianity.,The flowering time of the Renaissance.,4)Queen Mary,Restored the Catholic and kil

29、led a lot,English Renaissance has 3 periods.,1) 15161578 : morality play in 1516. 2) 15781625 : the flowering time, Elizabethan Period, the Age of Shakespeare. 3) 16251660 : declining period,3. English Renaissance is age of poetry and drama.,1)Literary types and the representatives: (1) dramadramati

30、st: William Shakespeare (2) poetrypoet: Edmund Spencer (3) prose: prose writer: Thomas More (4) essayessayist: Francis Bacon 2) Spenserian Stanza:,Spenserian Stanza(斯宾赛诗节),It is a verse form created by Edmund Spenser for his poem, The Faerie Queene(仙后). Each stanza has nine lines, each of the first

31、eight lines is in iambic(抑扬格) pentameter(五音步诗行), and the ninth line is an iambic hexameter（六音步诗行） line. The rhythm scheme is abab bcbcc.,4. The theme of English Renaissance:,1. The theme of the English Renaissance is Humanism. 2.What is humanism?,What is humanism?,Humanism refers to the literary cul

32、ture in the Renaissance. In the Renaissance Period, scholars and educators who called themselves Humanism began to emphasize the capacities of the human mind and the achievements of human culture in contrast to the medieval emphasis on God and contempt for the things of this world. So, humanism beca

33、me the central theme of English Renaissance. Thomas More and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English humanists.,Features of Renaissance,Two striking features: 1. The first feature is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. 2. Another feature is the keen interest i

34、n the activities of humanity. Humanity is the keynote of the Renaissance.,Engels on the Renaissance,1. Renaissance was the greatest progressive revolution. 2. It had produced giants in power of thought, passion and character in universality(广泛性) and learning. 3. The fullness and force of character t

35、hat makes the giants the complete men. Dialectics of Nature自然辩证法,Exercises,IV. Fill in the blanks.,1. English Renaissance is an age of _ and _. 2. The best representative of the essay writing in the English Renaissance is _.,poetry,drama,Francis Bacon,Fill in the blanks.,3. In the English Renaissanc

36、e, classical and Italian and French works were translated into _. 4. Humanists emphasize the capacities of the human _ and the achievements of human _.,English,mind,culture,Fill in the blanks.,5. The rhythm scheme of Spenserian Stanza is _. 6. The first complete English Bible was translated by _.,abab, bcbcc,John Wy