Gerunds.ppt

1、Grammar,Gerunds,读记名师一号51页语法精讲：动名词的用法。,Get ready for class, please!,侯课内容,Objectives（学习目标） 1.理解并掌握动名词作主语、宾语、表语、定语的用法。 2.掌握动名词与现在分词、不定式和过去分词作主语、表语、定语时的用法区别。 3.掌握接动名词的动词及动词短语。 4.理解并掌握动名词的复合结构。,We call the red words Gerunds（动名词）.,1.Smoking is a terrible habit. 2.His habit is collecting stamps. 3.She is s

2、tudying in the reading room. 4. We are tired from working all day. 5.You should avoid making the same mistake next time.,动名词 动名词的基本形式是_，动名词兼有动词和名词的性质，既保留了动词的意义，又在句中发挥相当于名词的作用。 动名词(Gerunds)在句中起名词的作用，可在句子作_其否定形式是在动名词前加上not。,“动词原形ing”,主语、表语、定语和宾语,1. For example, it could be “Shanghai Sewing Machine”, ,

3、telling the use of a noun,2. For many of todays advertisers, repeating old ideas is not a successful approach.,as a subject,Underline Gerunds and discuss the functions.,6,3. a lot of money is spent on applying modern techniques of design to make these advertisements as visually attractive as possibl

4、e.,4. Others try to create advertisements that people simply enjoy looking at.,after a preposition,after a verb,使用动名词的注意事项：1.动名词与不定式做主语的区别： Spitting everywhere is not a good manner. 随地吐痰是不文明的行为。 To spit here will be punished. 在这儿吐痰会受到惩罚的。,一般来说，动名词作主语表示泛指、经常性的、抽象的动作；而不定式作主语多表示特指、一次性的、具体的动作，二者都常用it作形式

5、主语。,2.动名词与不定式做表语的区别： My job is collecting letters. 我的工作是收信。 My job is to collect letters. 我的工作是去收信。,动名词作表语泛指日常反复的动作， 不定式表示将要完成的某一具体动作。,3.动名词作定语： （1）动名词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面，主要用来说明被它修饰的名词的作用，很多情况下，可以用for来替换； a swimming pool(a pool for swimming)游泳池 You can smoke in the smoking room.你可以在吸烟室吸烟。 （2）现在分词作定语，通常和被

6、修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，可变为定语从句，表示该动作的主动或进行； a flying fish(a fish that flies)飞鱼。 China is a developing country. 中国是一个发展中国家。,（3） 过去分词作定语与它所修饰的名词在逻辑上有被动关系，表示该动作的被动或完成。 The developed countries also need help from any other country in the world. 发达国家也需要世界上其他国家的帮助。 （4）不定式作定语表示将来的动作。 I have many letters to type.

7、我有许多信要打印。,4动名词作宾语 You should avoid making the same mistake next time. 下次你应避免犯同样的错误。,Open your book and turn to page 93.,(2)英语中有一些动词短语常接动名词作宾语。这类动词短语常见的有：insist on, object to, be good at, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, get/be used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth等。 T

8、om insisted on doing the job alone. 汤姆坚持要自己做那项工作。 He is good at singing. 他擅长唱歌。,Complete the sentences with the verbs in their correct form.,1. Im an early bird, and Ive got used to _ (get up) at 5:00 a.m. 2. There is only one programme worth _ (watch) today the science programme on volcanoes.,getti

9、ng up,watching,8,3. Its no use _ (worry) about it. You cant do anything to change it. 4. I regretted _ (not apologise) to the old man for my bad behaviour. 5. My little niece and nephew are always excited to set out on a _ (camp) trip.,worrying,not apologising,camping,6. For fifty years, she did her

10、 job without _ (complain). 7. _ (Ask) about other peoples personal business is not polite. 8. I feel like _ (not do) anything at all this evening.,complaining,Asking,not doing,5.动名词的复合结构 （1）动名词的复合结构由形容词性物主代词或名词所有格加动名词构成，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。若在句首，就必须用形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。 A persons knowing En

11、glish will help him in learning French. 一个人如果英语学得好有助于他学习法语。 What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital. 使孩子最焦虑的是不允许他到医院探望他的妈妈。,（2）在口语或非正式英语中，这种结构如果不在句首，常用人称代词宾格代替物主代词，用名词普通格代替所有格。 Would you mind me smoking here? 我在这儿吸烟你介意吗？ The mothers worry is her son

12、making trouble for the family. 这位母亲担心的是她儿子给家里惹麻烦。,1(2010日照调研)No one can imagine the difficulty he had _ his son to get rid of the habit of playing computer games. A. persuaded B. to persuade C. persuading D. persuade 答案与解析：C考查非谓语动词。difficulty之后是省略了关系代词which或that的定语从句he had.。根据固定结构have difficulty(in)

13、 doing sth.可知，用动名词persuading。,2(2010湖南十二校联考)Winter Olympic Champion Zhou Yang said she could make a better life for her parents after _ the champion, which _ many people. A. her gaining; moved B. her gaining; is moving C. she gain; moved D. her gain; moves 答案与解析：A考查动名词和动词的时态。第一空her gaining(the champ

14、ion)是动名词的复合结构，作介词after的宾语；第二空是表示过去的动作，因此用一般过去时。,3Which do you enjoy _ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park? A. spending B. having spend C. to spend D. to have spend 答案与解析：Cenjoy的宾语是后面供选择的playing.和taking.，所选部分是目的状语。,4The Browns are considering _their summer holidays in

15、north Canada. I cant _ them spending their holidays in such a cold place. A. spending; expect B. spending; imagine C. to spend; suppose D. to spend; imagine 答案与解析：B表示“考虑干，打算干”时，consider后跟动名词；表示“想象某人做某事”时，imagine后用动名词的复合结构。expect和suppose后不能跟动名词。,5I must apologize for _ ahead of time. Thats all right.

16、 A. letting you not know B. not letting you know C. letting you know not D. letting not you know 答案与解析：B介词for后用动名词，否定表达应在动名词前加not。,爬山真是有趣。 2. 身体是靠锻炼强壮的。同样，大脑是 靠学习开发的。 Our bodies are strengthened by _. Similarly, _ _.,Climbing mountains is really fun.,taking exercise,are developed by learning,our minds,3. 我喜欢听流行音乐。 4. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 5. I found _ _ (在海滩上走真是乐事).,I like listening to pop music.,We are thinking of making a new plan for the nex