定语从句复习课件

1、定 语 从 句,The Attributive Clause,Teaching objectives: 1.理解何谓 定语 定语从句 2. 掌握引导定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的用法。 3. 灵活运用定语从句。 4. 全力以赴，以极度的热情投入学习并享受学习的快乐,Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby She likes oranges imported from the USA. John gave Mary many books，which are full of illustrations Have you seen the book o

2、n the desk? The boy playing over there is my brother. People there like sports.,温 故 知 新,一定语的概念 定语：用来修饰_ 词和_词的成分。 用作定语的词类有_ _ _ _等 还有 动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词，介词短语 等也可以作定语,名,代,形容词，名词， 代词 和冠词,Attribute (定语)找出下列句中的定语,1. He is an honest boy. 2. We love our country. 3. Whats your telephone number? 4. She is a bea

3、utiful girl.,句子可以作定语吗？ 可以！ 如果一个句子充当了定语，那么我们称之为,定语从句,一、定语从句的三个概念: 1. 定语从句：用来做定语的句子叫定语从句。 2. 关系词：引出定语从句的词叫关系词。 3. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。,二、关系词在从句中的作用： 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 代替先行词 3. 充当定语从句中的一个成分.,1）The man is my English teacher. I met him in the street. The man that/who/whom I met in the street is my English

4、 teacher. that/who/whom= the man,A plane is a machine that can fly. that = the machine The boy who broke the window is called Tom. who = the boy The boy whose parents are dead are brought up by his grandfather. whose = the boys,Exercise 1先分析讨论,然后指出下列划线部分在句中充当什么成分 并填在括号里。 A 1. The boy comes from Amer

5、ica. ( ) 2. The teacher is speaking to the boy. ( ) 3. The teacher is teaching the boy Chinese.( ) 4. The boys father is an engineer. ( ) B 1. The pen is black. ( ) 2. My brother gave me the pen as a birthday present. ( ) 3. I often did my homework with the pen.（） 4.The cover of the pen is blue. ( )

6、 5. The pens cover is blue. ( ) C 1. Everything was true. ( ) 2. He knew everything. ( ),主语,宾语,宾语,定语,主语,宾语,宾语,宾语,定语,主语,宾语,Exercise 2 先分析讨论，然后用适当的关系代词完成下列 定语从句，并指出先行词在从句中所作成分并填在括号里。 _ comes from America.（ ） A I know the boy _ the teacher is speaking to.（ ） _the teacher is speaking.( ） _the teacher is

7、 teaching Chinese.（ ） _father is an engineer.( ) _ is black.（ ） _my brother gave me as a birthday present.（ ） B I lost the pen _I often did my homework.（ ） the cover of _ is blue.（ ） _ cover is blue.（ ）,who/that,(whom/who/that),主语,介词宾语,to whom,介词宾语,whom/who/that,宾语,whose,定语,which/that,主语,which/that,

8、宾语,with which,介词宾语,which,介词宾语,whose,定语,C He told me everything _he knew.（ ） _ was true.（ ）,宾语,(that),主语,that,小 结 归 纳,关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose都可以引导定语从句，使用它们时我们应该考虑两点： 1. 先行词是“人”还是“物”； 2. 关系代词在定语从句中所充当的成分。,关系代词,1. that可指人, 可指物, 作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 前面不能加介词) 2. which指物, 作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 若介词提前则不能省) 3

9、. who指人, 作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 前面不能加介词) 4. whom指人, 作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 若介词提前则不能省),Summary,先行词 在从句中所做的成分 引导词,表人,表物,主语,宾语,定语,(who/that ),(whom/who/that ),介词+,主语,定语,宾语,( ）,),（ ）,（ ）,介词+,the+n. of（ ）,关 系 代 词 的 用 法,whom,whose,which/that,(Which/that),which,whose,which,只用that引导定语从句的情况：,1.当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时。Thi

10、s is the best that used has been against pollution. This is the most inteesting film that Ive ever seen. 2.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰。 e.g. The first place that we visited in Beijing was the Great Wall. This train is the last that will go to Suzhou 3.当先行词被all, some, any, no, little, much, few, every, the ve

11、ry, the only等修饰 e.g. I have read all the books that you lent me.,当先行词是all,none,some,little,few,much,everything, anything, nothing, something 等不定代词时。 e.g. Is there anything else that I can do for you? 当先行词既有人又有物时 e.g. They talked about the people and things that they remembered in the old days 当主句以疑问

12、词who或which开头时 E.g. Who is the man that shook hands with you just now?,有两个定语从句其中一个关系代词宜用which,另一个宜用that.They built up a small factory, which produce things that could cause pollution.,当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词在从句中也作表语。Shanghai is no longer the city that it used to be. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years

13、ago 主句是there be 句型且关系词在从句中作主语。 There is a seat in the corner that is still available.,以下情况用which, 不用that,1. 关系代词前有介词 This is the house in which he was born.,2. 在非限制性定语从句中 Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise.,Quiz,1. Do you like the present _ I bought you yesterday? 2

14、. The storybook _ was written by his uncle is quite interesting. 3. The boy _ computer doesnt work well needs your help. 4. This is the best movie _ we have seen this year.,1. that / which / 不填 2. that / which 3. whose 4. that / 不填,5. The doctor _ we met in the street is from America. 6. The passeng

15、ers and the suitcases _ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane. 7. Who is the girl _ you want to make friends with? 8. This is the last lesson _ Mr. Smith taught us.,5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填 8. that / 不填,Exercise 3 先分析讨论，然后指出下列划线部分在句中充当什么成分并填在括号里。 A 1. My father

16、 visited the factory ten years ago. ( ) 2. My father worked in the factory ten years ago. ( ) 3. My father worked in the factory ten years ago. ( ) B 1.My brother spent the day with me together. ( ) 2.My brother joined the army on the day. ( ) 3. My brother joined the army on the day. ( ) C 1. He ga

17、ve me the reason. ( ) 2. He cried for the reason.( ) 3. He cried for the reason.( ),宾语,介词宾语,地点状语,宾语,介词宾语,时间状语,宾 语,介词宾语,原因状语,“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,一.关系代词的选用 在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which 和whom. 如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，则引导词用whom. This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai. This is the student for whom I bought t

18、he book.,二.介词的选用 1.根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选用介词。 The man_ whom I spoke is my teacher. The West Lake, _ which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.,to,by,2.根据先行词来确定介词。 In his room, we saw a big table _ which there were all kinds of books. Yesterday we had a meeting _ which we discussed many problems.,on

19、,at,三. 介词的位置2.根据先行词来确定介词。 In his room, we saw a big table _ which there were all kinds of books. Yesterday we had a meeting _ which we discussed many problems. 介词一般放在关系代词which和whom之前，但也可以放在原来的位置上。 The house in which we live is not large. = The house (which/that) we live in is not large.,on,at,改错,1.

20、Under the big tree are 34 students, many of them come from Class Two. 2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible. 3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before. 4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick.,whom,whose,it,who,（三）引导定语从句的关系副词有： where, when, why等。 关系副词在定语从句中也有

21、三个作用：,1. 引导一个定语从句；,2.在从句中部分代替先行词；,3.在从句中充当地点,时间或是原因状语.,1980 was the year when he was born. when = in 1980 The school where I study is far from my home. where = in school Laziness is the reason why you failed. why = for the reason,Exercise4 先分析讨论，然后用适当的关系代词或关系副词 完成下列定语从句，并指出先行词在从句中所作成分并填在括号里 _ my fat

22、her visited ten years ago.( ) A.This is the factory in_my father worked ten years ago.( ) _ my father worked ten years ago.( ) _my father spent with me together.( ) B.I still remember the day on _ my brother joined the army.( ) _ my brother joined the army.( ),(which/that),宾语,which,介词宾语,where/in whi

23、ch,状语,(which/that),宾语,which,介词宾语,when/on which,状语,_he gave .( ) C. Thats the reason for _he cried.( ) _he cried. ( ),宾语,(which/that),介词宾语,which,原因状语,why/for which,5.请归纳以下关系副词的用法,并填在括号里 先行词 在从句中所作成分 引导词 表地点- 状语-（ ） 表时间- 状语- （ ） reason- 状语- （ ） 注意区别： 先行词 在从句中所作成分 引导词 表地点- 主语-（ ） 表地点- 宾语-（ ） 表时间- 主语- （

24、 ） 表时间- 宾语- （ ） reason- 主语- （ ） reason- 宾语- （ ）,where/介词+which,when/介词+which,why/for which,which/that,which/that,which/that,which/that,which/that,which/that,Exercise 5定语从句练习 A. 在下列句子空白处填上适当的连接词 1. Can you lend me the pen _ you bought last month. 2.The village has developed a lot _ we learned farming

25、 two years ago. 3. The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of that faraway village. 4.The engineer _ my father works is about 50 years old. 5. Can you recommend me an English teacher _ can teach me English in his spare time? 6. I can never forget the day _ we worked together an

26、d the day _ we spent together. 7. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future.,which/that,where,when,with whom,who/that,when,which/that,what,that,B.完成下列句子 1. You cant live in the room _. (窗子坏了的)。 2. 他参观了那个饲养了许多奶牛的农场。 He visited the far

27、m _. 3.他受罚的原因我们不知道。 The reason _ is unknown to us. 4. 你还记得你入党的那一天吗？ _ 5. 我不喜欢那个常喝许多酒的女孩。 _,whose windows are broken,where many cows were raised,why he was punished,Do you still remember the day when/on which he joined the Party?,I dont like the girl who often drinks a lot of /much wine.,where,趋势： 地点

28、名词模糊化。常见的先行词有situation, case, stage, point等。 This is the town _ I spent my childhood. This is the town _ I told you about before. A: Since you work in the theatre, cant you get me a free ticket now and then? B: Certainly if you bring me a few notes now and then from the bank where you work!,中华民族到了最危

29、险的时候，每个人被迫发出最后的吼声。 起来！起来！起来！,The nation has reached such a point where everyone is uttering: Arise! Arise!Arise!,3. (2009北京卷) What do you think of teaching, Bob? I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. Which C. When D. that job 被抽象 成地

30、点 名词,situation被抽象成地点名词,4.Its helpful to put children in a situation _ they can see themselves differently. (2009福建卷) A. that B. when C. which D. where,race被抽象成地点名词,17. Life is like a long race _we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009重庆卷) A. why B. what C. that D. where,point被抽象成地点名词,16.

31、 I have reached a point I am supposed to make decisions of my own.(2009浙江卷) A which B where C how D why,1.先行词被the same 修饰时，,15. I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as,关系代词.as 引导定语从句常见句式：such+名词+as像一样的，such(pron.)+as像一样的， the same+名词+as和一样的I have found such materials as are used in their factory.This book is not such as I expect.He is not th