U1P3+Grammar.ppt

1、Subjectverb Agreement声明一致性，unit 1 grammar，the team _ _ _ _ some good players。(have)The team _ _ _ _ _ The group _ _ _ made up of nine students。(be) the group _ _ _ _ dancing happily。(be)，is，are A knife and fork _ _ used to have meals。(be)，is，主谓词匹配，主谓词匹配意味着谓词在人称和数上必须与主语的人称和数匹配。这是英语语法中必须遵循的基本规则，也是英语和汉

2、语差异很大的地方。2，意思匹配，3，根源性原则，1，语法匹配，Subjectverb Agreement主匹配，主谓词匹配的情况主要为：主语是单数形式，谓语动词也是单数形式。主语是复数，谓语动词也是复数。示例：I often help him and he often helps me。我经常帮助他，他经常帮助我。We often help each other。我们经常徐璐帮助。不可数名词以主语，谓语动词以单数。可数名词的复数形式是主语，谓语动词是复数。一，语法一致，主语形式是单数，但意思是复数，谓语动词是复数。主语形式是复数，意思是单数，谓语动词是单数。例如：the crowd were

3、surrounding the government official。群众包围了政府官员。Maths is hard to learn。数学很难学。第二，意思一致，根源法则，即谓语动词的单数形式最接近它的主语。there is a pen and two pen cils on the desk .书桌上有一支钢笔和两支铅笔。三，接近原则，当and用两个或多个短寿命词或代词连接时，谓语动词有两个茄子情况。当and用主语连接两个或两个以上的其他人或事物时，谓语动词使用复数形式。示例：he and I are both students of this school。我和他都是牙齿学校的学生。T

4、ime and tide wait for no man。岁月不饶人。注意规则，a .表整体概念的并行结构：bread and butter knife and fork iron and steel law and order b .附件：a watch and chain a needle and thread the knife and food，(2)当两个或多个平行结构指向同一个人或事物，或指向同一概念时，如果谓语动词使用单数，则不在and后面的名词前加冠词。2 .主语之后是with、along with、together with、as well as、besides、like、w

5、ithout、except、including和but。例如：thts老师和同学们在花园里种树。3 .如果主语是否定式，动词-ing形式或主语子句，谓语动词使用单数。what he is doing seems very important。他在做什么看起来很重要。serving the people is my great happiness。为人民服务是我最大的幸福。4 .用连接的平行主语，由each、every或no修饰时，谓语动词使用单数。every boy and every girl in the class is diligent。班上所有的男生和女生都努力学习。5 .each

6、of复数代词，谓语动词是单数。Each of us has something to say。我们每个人都有话要说。6 .当给定否定代词all、more、some、any、none等时，谓语动词根据情况而定。谓语动词可以用作单数或复数。但是当指不可计数的名词时，把单数，谓语动词看作单数。All the apples are rotten。所有的苹果都烂了。All the apple is rotten。整个苹果烂了。None of us are /is perfect。没有人是完美的。None of the money is left .钱一点也不剩了。7 .当给出复合否定代词时，谓语动词使用

7、单数。Someone is calling you。有人叫你。Nothing is found in the room .家里什么都找不到。，8 .当给出名词(如trousers、scissors、clothes、goods、glasses等)时，谓语动词必须使用复数形式。复杂意义的名词，例如News-以ics结尾的学科名称为physics，politics，国名为the United States报纸名称，例如The New Times标题，例如Great Expectations。而且，当给出the United Nations时，谓语动词使用单数。示例：the scissors are

8、sharp . no news is good news . great expectations was written by Charles Dickens in 1860。9 .使用群体名词作为主语；强调整体的时候使用单数，强调整体中个人的龙复数。这些名词有people、family、class、population、crowd、team、ground等。His family is going out。他们一家要外出。His family are all music lovers。他们全家都是音乐爱好者。10 .有些名词的单数形式相同，主语的时候谓语动词是根据上下文决定的。这些名词有me

9、ans、deer、sheep、Chinese、Japanese、fish等。范例：Not every means is useful。不是所有方法都有效。Not all means are useful。不是所有方法都有效。11 .当给定表示一类人的“the形容词(分词)”时，谓语动词使用复数形式。a . the sick in the accident have been taken to the hospital . b . the lost have been found .12 .用主语表示时间、金钱、距离、度量等名词时，例如a. Thirty years is not a long

10、time。30年不是很长。b . two hours is enough for me to finish the work。两个小时足够完成牙齿工作了。13 .the rest of、half of、majority of、part of、a lot of、lots of、one of、a number of、a plenty of、perces示例一些学生到了。a part of the apple has been eaten by the mouse .牙齿苹果的一部分被老鼠吃了。14 .在表存在的there be句子中给出的两个或多个并行名词(短语)，be的形式与最近的名词(短语)相

11、匹配。There is a pen，two pen cils and several books on the desk。=there are two pencils，a pen and several books on the desk。=there are se A pen and two pen cils on the desk。15 .在here、there等带领的倒排句子中，如果有两个以上的主语，谓语动词就与最近的主语一致。示例：a . here comes the bus . b . here is a pen and two books for you。16 .连接词or、eit

12、her or、neither nor、not only beA.neither you nor I am wrong。neither I nor you are wrong . b . not only the students but also the teacher enjoys listening to the music .each er but also the students enjoy listening to the music .1.on the wall _ _ _ _ _ _ _ two large portraits . a . hangs b . hangs c .

13、 hanged . hanging 2。“news of VIV”the company commander said . a . keep b . keep c . keeps d . have kept，单选，3 .there _ _ _ _ _ a lot of milk in the bottle . a . are b . is c . were d . has 4 . all butone _ _ _ _ Led . are killed，5 .zhangs family _ _ _ _ rather big，With twelve people in all . a . is b

14、 . are c . being d . was 6。nobody but Jane _ _ _ the secret . a . knowb。7.when and where to build the new factory _ _ _ yet . a . is not decided b . are not decided c . has not decided E thousand books _ _not only I but also Jane and Mary _ _ _ tired of having one examination after another a . is b . are c . am d . be 10 On a . is coming b . are coming cno one except my parents _ _ _ anything about this . a . know b . knows c . is known d . are known 12。the the Already a . has read b . have read c . are reading d . is reading，choose the correct ve