Unit-8-Education-in-the-United-States.ppt

1、,Thank you!,Add Your Company Slogan,Unit 8,Thank you!,Add Your Company Slogan,The goal of education in the United States is:,to achieve universal literacy and to provide individuals with the knowledge and skills necessary to promote both their own individual welfare as well as that of the general pu

2、blic.,Thank you!,Add Your Company Slogan,90%,10%,4/5 run by religious groups,Boards of education教育委员会,Boards of education refer to groups of people who make policies for schools at the state or district level; They also make decisions about the school curriculum, teacher standards and certification,

3、 and the overall measurement of student progress.,EducationA Local Matter,Each of the 50 states in the United States has its own laws regulating education. All states require young people to attend school. Thus, every child in America is guaranteed up to 13 years of education.,Elementary Education S

4、econdary Education Higher Education,What an American Student Learns,Levels of Education:,Finishing the elementary school education,High school,automatically,Junior High School,Senior High School,Senior High School,College and University,conditionally,Successful applicants at colleges and universitie

5、s are chosen on the basis of:,a. their high school records;. b. recommendations from their high school teachers; c. the impression they make during interviews at the university; d. Their scores on the Scholastic Aptitude Tests (SATs).,学术能力评估测试是美国高中生的所谓“高考”，但能否读四年制大学并不取决于一个SAT分数。SAT由美国的College Board举

6、办，在美国领土上每年举办7次，其它地方每年6次。考试用英语。SAT成绩是世界各国高中生申请美国名校学习及奖学金的重要参考。,Higher education,GRE,GRE是美国、加拿大的大学各类研究生院要求申请者所必须具备的一个考试成绩，也是教授对申请者是否授予奖学金所依据的最重要的标准。,Higher education,GRE,Graduate Record Examination,研究生入学考试,B. Four-year college: a. Its curriculum is confined to humanities, social and behavioral science

7、, and the natural sciences. b. They offer the degrees of the Bachelor of Art (BA) and the Bachelor of Science (BS).,A. Universities: a. A university may have several colleges for undergraduate students seeking a bachelors degree b. It may have one or more graduate schools for those continuing in spe

8、cialized studies beyond the bachelors degree to obtain a masters or a doctoral degree.,Categories of institutions,D. Two-year college or “community college” from which students may enter many professions or may transfer to four-year colleges or universities.,C. Technical training institutions at whi

9、ch high school graduates may learn a wide variety of technical skills, such as hair styling, business accounting, computer programming, etc.,Degrees of higher education,Bachelors Degree Masters Degree Doctors Degree,工商管理学硕士,MBA (Master of Business Administration),Selecting a College or University,Qu

10、estions to think about when Americans choose a university or college?,Selecting a College or University,Both public and private colleges depend on three sources of income:,Student tuition Endowments Government funding,Harvard Princeton Yale University,The Ivy League is an athletic conference compris

11、ing eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The conference name is also commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group. The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, Pri

12、nceton University, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale University.,The term Ivy League also has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism. Ivy League schools are often viewed by the public as some of the most prestigious universities worldwide. Seven of

13、the eight schools were founded during the United States colonial period; except Cornell, which was founded in 1865. All eight schools receive millions of dollars in research grants and other subsidies from federal and state government. Ivy League university financial endowments range from Browns $2.

14、2 billion to Harvards $27.4 billion, the largest financial endowment of any academic institution in the world.,长春藤联盟,常青藤联合会,美国常春藤名校走出过多少美国总统？,哈佛大学：约翰-亚当斯、约翰-昆西-亚当斯、西奥多-罗斯福、富兰克林-罗斯福, 约翰-肯尼迪,奥巴马(法学博士学位) 哥伦比亚大学：西奥多-罗斯福, 弗兰克林-D-罗斯福，奥巴马。 耶鲁大学：威廉塔夫脱、杰拉尔德福特，布什、比尔-克林顿, 乔治W布什。,The Puritans believed that ever

15、y person should be able to read the Bible. In 1634, they opened a “Latin grammar” school In 1636, Harvard College was founded for the training of They introduced two practices that still influence American youth:,Education in a New Nation,religious ministers.,compulsory education for all children,an

16、d public taxation for schools,义务教育,The Servicemens Readjustment Act was passed in 1944. It was soon popularly called the GI Bill of Rights. GI was a nickname for the American soldier. The nickname came from the abbreviation for Government Issue the Uniforms and Other articles issued to a soldier. The Act promised financial aid; including aid for higher education to members of the armed forces.,The Servicemens Readjustment Act:,Education for All,军人重新安置法案,退役军人权利法案,Affirmative action programs were first advocated by some colleg