Language points 参考课件.ppt

1、Words Expressions Structures,1. What do you know about Dr. John Snows being well-known in London?,He attended Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies.,Questions,3. Did people know how to cure the disease?,2. From what disease did Londoners suffer in his age?,They exposed themselves to cholera

2、.,4. When did Dr. Snow think the disease would be controlled?,He knew he would never be controlled until its cause was found.,People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.,5. What was the second theory explaining how the disease killed people?,6. How serious was the disease outbre

3、ak in London?,The cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.,The map gave a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.,7. Did the map which Dr. Snow draw help find the cause of the disease?,Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street.,8. Where we

4、re many of the deaths in Broad Street?,9. Why did some houses have no deaths?,These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They were given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad street pump.,It seemed the water was to blame.,10. What did Dr. Snow think was responsible for

5、 the disease?,He told the people to remove the handle from the water pump so it could not be used.,11. What did Dr. Snow advised the people in Broad Street do?,12. What else did Dr. Snow find in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak?,In addition, he found 2 other death

6、s.,13. What conclusion did Dr. Snow tell the public?,He announced that polluted water carried the disease.,14. What did Dr. Snow tell the water companies?,They were instructed not to expose people to polluted water anymore.,1. Choose the suitable words or expressions to complete this passage: valuab

7、le, instruct, cure, expose, look into, examine, put forward, immediately, announce,Li Heping was a famous football player, but his career came to an end when he became very ill. The doctor _ him but could not find the cause of this illness. He _ the theory that Li Heping had been _ to a new virus. H

8、e knew he would not be able to _ him_,examined,put forward,exposed,cure,immediately,but promised he would _the possibility of finding one in the future. Sadly, Li Heping _ that he would take up a new career to _ footballers in planning for the future.,instruct,look into,announced,At his last match h

9、e thanked his fans for their _ support by singing the popular song: “Thanks for the memory”.,valuable,2. Sometimes in English we put the verb make with a noun instead of using a simple verb; for example, make a mistake instead of to mistake. Look at these simple verbs and make another construction u

10、sing make + a + noun. (P4),make a phone call,make a decision,make a plan,make a contribution,make a conclusion,make a noise,make an achievement,make a decision,3. Speak out the phrases with “make” according to the pictures or the Chinese definitions.,交朋友,make friends,确保; 确定,make sure,下定决心,make up on

11、es mind,为.腾出空位,make room for,make a face,make the bed,一路前进;向前,make ones way to,USING WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS,This is a report on living conditions in England in the nineteenth century. Choose the correct verb or conjunction to put into the text. Each word may be used only once. link . to blame expose

12、. to test defeat reject absorb examine severe,1,In the twenty-first century, educated people find it difficult to believe that living conditions in the nineteenth century _ people _ serious illnesses.,expose,to,The reports of many doctors _ illness _ drinking polluted water. However, one hundred yea

13、rs ago people did not connect a disease to the environment. So they did not _ the companies that supplied dirty water.,link,to,blame,The doctors found that the dirtier the water, the more _ the illness. It was only later when people began to _ the water and _ its quality that they _ the idea that ch

14、olera was _ from the air.,severe,examine,test,rejected,absorbed,It was only when everybody began to attack the dirty conditions that cholera was _ and was not a problem any more.,defeated,Apart from going to the park, I have not been outside my flat this summer.,2,Translate these sentences into Engl

15、ish, using the words and phrases in brackets. (P42, WB),1. 除了去公园以外，这个夏天我就没有出过公寓。(apart from),The results of the scientific experiments are valuable to us and they will contribute to the success of our research.,2. 这些科学实验的结果对于我们非常 价值,它们将有助于我们的研究取得成 功。 (scientific; valuable；contribute to),3. 除了提供好的收入，

16、我还提供一套新的公寓给你住。(in addition to),4. 没有足够的证据很难作出结论。(make a conclusion),It is difficult to make a conclusion without enough evidence.,In addition to a good income I am offering you a new flat to live in.,5. 在完成写作之后请仔细检查，看看是否所有的句子都说得通。(complete；make sense),Please check carefully after you complete the wr

17、iting and make sure all the sentences make sense.,6. 你要去听演讲，对吧?可你看起来对此不是很热心。(attend ; enthusiastic),Youre going to attend the lecture, arent you? But you dont seem very enthusiastic about it.,7. 工作太多而休息太少往往会导致疾病。(lead to) Too much work and too little rest often leads to illness. 8. 政府宣布该疾病已得到控制。(ann

18、ounce；control) The government announced that the disease was under control.,9. 杨教授对助手们要求严格。他们必须 按照他的指示做试验。(be strict with) Professor Yang is strict with his assistants. They must do the experiments according to his instructions.,Here is a list of prefixes which are useful in helping you learn new wo

19、rds. Think of some examples for each prefix and try to write as many as you can. Remember not all words that begin with these letters contain a prefix (eg important). P43,3,Students Doctors and nurses People in the neighborhood All his friends and relatives Gardeners Members of the Union of students

20、,church patients a lecture school a meeting about the Union his wedding the botanical garden,attend,attend,* I may be late I have got one or two things to attend to. * Mother had to attend to her sick son .,eg: 1. The wolf opened its mouth to _ a row of sharp teeth.,2. Dont _ your skin to the sun; y

21、our skin will be hurt.,expose,expose,expose,3. People in many provinces of China exposed themselves to the SARS in 2003. Meaning?,“to show sth. that is usually covered; to leave unprotected; to put sth. in a harmful situation”,eg: The police began to look into the case, but the eyewitness was afraid

22、 to _ the murderer. Meaning?,“to make known; to tell the truth”,expose,* When you have a pain in your shoulders, you will go to see a doctor. The doctor will_ you. He will _ the pain in your shoulders. Aspirin is said to be a wonderful _ for the pain.,cure,cure,cure,cure,* Although the boy was beyon

23、d _, his parents tried to _ him of bad habits. * The prices are going up every day, but there is no _ for rising prices.,cure,cure,cure,The wound on my arm has healed . He was healed of his sickness .,heal,control,Complete the sentences in the first part with the words in the second part. “control”

24、will be used between the 2 parts.,1. The Republican Party continued to _. 2. The Ministry of Health has set up a program to _. 3. Sarah just cannot _ . 4. The buttons _ .,B,A,C,D,Part 1,A. the spread of AIDS B. the House (议院) of the USA C. her temper D. the temperature in the building,Part 2,Phrases

25、 of control,soil sponge water students air work / job a big company,sound knowledge heat time an article a small company the meaning (of a remark) water,absorbtake in/understand,be absorbed in = concentrate on eg. He is absorbed in the research of Chinese history recently. absorb ones attention eg.

26、Chinese history absorbs his attention recently.,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome 严重急性呼吸道症候群 Q: Which of the following definitions is suitable for each sentence?,Do you know the full name of SARS?,severe,A. unpleasant or dangerous weather B. very strict C. very bad or serious to worry about D. extre

27、me criticism or punishment,1. He has such a severe illness that he has been in hospital. 2. I was caught in a severe storm last night and couldnt go back home in time.,C,A,3. Come on! Dont be so severe with the children. 4. His report contains severe criticism of the companys actions.,B,D,- What is

28、the value of this 18k white gold diamond necklace? - It cost me $2,000 (=It was worth $2,000.),but I valued the necklace at $1,000. - It was a valuable diamond necklace.,valuable,谚井干方知水可贵。 We never know _ _ of water _ _ _ _ _. Q1: Whats the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or verb? What does “va

29、luable” mean?,the value,till the,well is dry,* value (n.): the amount of money that sth. is worth * value (vt.): to decide that how much sth. is worth * valuable (adj.): worth a lot of money,eg: The Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English is of great value to you. His research has been of no / li

30、ttle practical value. I value your friendship very highly. Q2: What is the meaning of “value” when it is a noun or a verb in the above sentences?,value (n.): the importance or usefulness of something * value (vt.): to think that something is important to you,Q3: In the text, “The map gave a valuable

31、 clue about the cause of the disease.” does “valuable” means “worth a lot of money”?,* valuable (adj.): important because there is only a limited amount available,泵 (油泵; 气泵), 抽水机, 打气筒,pump,If have a flat tyre, you will pump air into the tyre. (You will pump up your tyre.) When my car was short of ga

32、s, I went to the gas station, where the guy pumped gas .,pump,We had a debate yesterday. The lively debate really pumped us up. His heart was pumping fast. During the drought last year, the villagers had pumped the well dry, but got no more water.,酒馆 bar,旅馆; 小店,pub, public house,blame sb. / sth. for

33、 : to say or think that sb. or sth. is responsible for sth. bad eg: Its not fair to blame me. Its not my fault. They blamed the secretary for the delay of the plan.,blame,* be to blame: be responsible for sth. bad eg. The driver was not to blame for the traffic accident. * take the blame: to say tha

34、t sth. is your fault eg. He is ready to take the blame for what had happened.,handle,handle v.,Choose the Chinese explanations in the box.,1. Ms Hawkins, the chief accountant of the company handles the companys accounts.,C,2. The children are so naughty that I cant handle them. 3. She handled a diff

35、icult argument skillfully.,F,E,4. Handle children kindly, if you want them to trust you. 5. This shop handles paper and stationery. 6. He learnt how to handle the axe.,D,B,A,in addition also as well as besides,used when adding another fact to what has already been mentioned,In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges.,In addition,2. The two towns are linked by a railway.,1. A lot of links fitted together form a chain.,3. The new bridge will link the island to the mainland.,