初中英语名词课件.ppt

1、名 词,河南省商城县观庙一中 穆正东,noun,名词的分类,名词的所有格,名词的变化,可数名词,不可数名词,普通名词,专有名词,一、普通名词：,指表示一类人、东西、抽象概念的名词。,例如： 表示东西、事物的。 如book、computer、tree、chopsticks(筷子) 表示一类人的。如 boy 、girl、woman、man、teacher、father 表示抽象概念，像人的情感、品质、精神的。如 happiness 、trouble、pleasure（愉快、快乐）,二、专有名词:,指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。 具体说来，它包括人名、国家、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电

2、影名以及某些抽象名词等。,Jim吉姆 China中国 Mr.Smith史密斯先生 July七月 Friday 星期五 theYellowRiver 黄河 Christmas 圣诞节 English 英语 A Tale ofTwoCities双城记,专有名词的首字母通常要大写,三、名词的复数变化,flower,flowers,1、一般情况加词尾 -s，如： book-books, desk-desks two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holidayholidays 比较： 故事：story-stories,factories,factory,2、以y 结尾

3、的名词，其复数构成要分两种情况： 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词，将 y 改为 ies； 如： city-cities, baby-babies country-countries 以“元音字母+y”结尾的名词，直接加词尾-s： 如：toy / toys, holiday / holidays 等。,Leaf树叶,wolf,wolves,leaves,Knife小刀,knives,3、以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v加es，如：,Life生命,lives,Scarf围巾,scarves,wife(妻子),wives,thief(贼),thieves,shelf(架子),half(一半),

4、halves,shelves,重点,但roof-roofs(屋顶)是外！,记取f(e)结尾的名词复数: 妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌; 躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮眼光。,bus公共汽车,buses,4、以 s, x, sh, ch 等结尾的名词，通常加词尾 -es：,box -boxes,dish-dishes,match-matches,watch-watches,brush-brushes,class-classes,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,negroes,5、巧记以-o结尾加-es的词 Negroes and heroes like to eat potato

5、es and tomatoes,注意： 除negroes,heroes , potatoes，tomatoes 外， 所有以o结尾的单词+s radios zoos photos,child-children,woman-women,man-men,goose-geese,mouse - mice,foot -feet,6、不规则变化,ox / oxen 公牛,deer,sheep,deer，sheep，fish，jin，yuan , mu ,Japanese ,Chinese等的单复数同形.,Yuan,中日不变，英法变，其他国人加S,7、有的单词虽然是s 结尾，但是不可数名词 news ph

6、ysics maths grass glass 新闻 物理 数学 草 玻璃,8. 两个名词在一起，表示复数时，一般只变后面那个名词 apple trees / boy students / girl players,9、不可数名词如果要表示可数必须与量词连用， 常用词有： a piece of 一张/ 块/ 则 a bottle of 一瓶 a cup of 一杯 a glass of 一玻璃杯 eg. a piece of paper a bottle of water three pieces of bread a cup of milk two bottles of orang thre

7、e pieces of news four pieces of paper five pieces of bread,10、最常见的不可数名词有： advice, change(零钱), furniture, hair, homework, weather,information, knowledge, money, news, progress, traffic,12、名词所有格 一、有生命的名词所有格 ： s + 名词 “的” a . 当名词不是s 结尾时，用 s Lucys hair / my mothers bag lucy的头发 / 我妈妈的袋子 b. 当名词是s 结尾时，则用 s

8、students reading room 学生们的阅览室 workers club 工人俱乐部 注意：Womens Day 妇女节 Childrens Day 儿童节 Teachers Day 教师节,c. 表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词，加s 构 成所有格 five minutes walk= a five-minute walk eight miles journey= an 8-mile journey d. 双重所有格 : of+名词所有格 / of + 名词性的物 主代词 a friend of mine, an old photo of my fathers. e. 共同所有格

9、与个体所有格： 共有的东西,所有格 也共有; 分开的东西,所有格也分开. Shes Tom and Jims mother. (同一个母亲) Theyre Toms and Jims mothers. ( 各自的母亲),二、表示无生命的名词所有格 用 “of “ 教室的门 the door of the classroom 山顶 the top of the hill 树叶 the leaves of the tree,1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are_. Awoman;children Bwoman;child Cwomen

10、;children 2.How far is your school from here？ Not very farIts about twenty walk. Aminutes Bminutes Cminutes 3. There are three in my family. A.people B. person C. child 4. Most students can go to college for further in our city. A. education B. information C.science 5. This is bedroom. The twin sist

11、er like it very much. A. Ann and Jane B. Ann and Janes C.Anns and Janes,15、中考对接,C,C,A,A,B,( ) 6. This is not my cap, but my _. A. brothersB. brothersC. brothersD. brother ( )7.They write most of their_ in English. A. business letter B. business letters C. businesses D. businesses letters ( ) 8. _are

12、_for cutting things. A. Knife, used B. Knives, using C. Knife, using D. Knives, used ( ) 9. John bought_for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoeC. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes,B,B,D,A,A,11、I have two _and _. A. leg , feet B. legs , foots C. legs , feet 12、How many _ a

13、re there in the city ? A. factories B. factorys C.factoris D. factory 13、Trees _ always green in the South. A. is B. are C. will be D.were 14、You must clean your _ every day. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. teeths 15、There _ lots of bread on the table. A. is B. are C. were D.be,C,A,B,B,A,16. There ar

14、e two _ and three _ in our school. A. Frenchmen , Germen B. Frenchmen , Germans C. Frenchmas , Germans D. Russian, Americans 17. Many _ are playing in the park. A. children B. childs C. boy D.peoples 18. The meat _not good . But the news _ interesting A. is , are B. are ,is C. is , is D. are, are 19

15、. I can see many _ on the hill . A. sheeps B. cow C. sheepes D.sheep 20. He goes to school _ every day. A. on feet B. on foot C. by foot D. by a car,B A C D B,21. Your clothes _ very beautiful. A. is B. are C. be D.have 22、My brother has two _. A. knife B. knifes C. fork D.knives 23. There _ a pair

16、of trousers on the bed. A. is B. are C. were D. have 24. Would you like _? A. a milk B. a glass of milk C. some milks 25、Bring me two _ paper ,please. A. piece of B. piece C. pieces of,B D A B C,26. Please give me _ . Im thirsty A. a tea B. a piece of bread C. a cup of tea 27. Hello , I have _ to tell you . A. two piece of newses B. two news C. two pieces of news D.two pieces of newses 28. Dont