五种基本句型及巩固练习.ppt

1、2020/8/1,1,五种基本句型,2020/8/1,2,主系表结构,本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成，主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。 联系动词（Link Verb） 它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（亦称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况,2020/8/1,3,1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; The story sounds true. Those oranges taste good. 这种布手感很软。 这朵花闻起来很香。,2020/8/1,4,2

2、.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will stay fresh for several days. Its already ten in the morning. The store remains closed. Whats the matter? He always kept silent at meeting.,2020/8/1,5,3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;

3、 他成了一名老师 He became a teacher The leaf will turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋天会变黄,2020/8/1,6,Our English teacher is thirty years old. The cake tastes delicious. We feel used to living in big cities. The potatoes went bad in the fields. Their boss seems satisfied with the work. Deep water stays still.,2020/

4、8/1,7,He is a clever boy. That girl is her. She is beautiful. Class is over. He is in good health. He is excited. The film is interesting.,2020/8/1,8,主系表结构中的表语常常有以下成分充当： 1) S + Lv + N/Pron(名词/代词） 2) S + Lv + Adj（形容词） 3) S + Lv + Adv (副词） 4) S + Lv + Prep Phrase 5) S + Lv + Participle(分词）.,2020/8/1,9

5、,巩固练习：,1冬季白天短，夜晚长 2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 3孩子们很少保持安静。 4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。 5他失业了。 6树叶已经变黄了 7这个报告听起来很有意思,2020/8/1,10,1冬季白天短，夜晚长 In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 2十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。 At the age of fifteen, he became a famous pianist. 3孩子们很少保持安静。 Children seldom keep quiet. 4她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。 Her

6、job is to look after the children in the nursery. 5他失业了。 He is out of work. 6树叶已经变黄了 The leaves have turned yellow. 7这个报告听起来很有意思 The report sounds interesting,2020/8/1,11,主谓结构,本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。 不及物 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思 The sun rises. Tom has already left.,2020/8/1,12,1她昨天回家很晚。 2会议将持续两个小时。 3在过

7、去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大 41919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。 5每天八时开始上课。 6这个盒子重五公斤。 7五年前我住在北京。 8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。,2020/8/1,13,1她昨天回家很晚。 2会议将持续两个小时。 3在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大 41919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动 5每天八时开始上课。 1. She went home very late yesterday evening. 2. The meeting will last two hours. 3. Great c

8、hanges have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 4. The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 5. Classes begin at eight every day.,2020/8/1,14,6这个盒子重五公斤。 7五年前我住在北京。 8秋天有些鸟飞到南方去。 9我的爷爷早晨起得很早。 10. 每天下午有许多学生到图书馆来借书。 6. This box weighs five kilos. 7.I lived in Beijing five year

9、s ago. 8.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 9. My grandfather gets up early in the morning. 10.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books.,2020/8/1,15,主谓宾结构,本结构是由主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语构成。 宾语成分的多样化使得这一结构异常复杂。 1. Tom made a hole in the wall. 2. I dont know if he can come tomorro

10、w. 3. They havent decided where to go next. 4. She stopped teaching English two years ago. 5. It took them ten years to build the dam. 7. Mother promises to give me a present.,2020/8/1,16,1昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。 4他们成功地完成了计划。 5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。 6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。 8我们大家都相信Jack 是

11、一个诚实男孩。 9. 他不知道说什麽好。 10. 我开窗户你在意吗？,2020/8/1,17,1昨晚我写了一封信。 2今天下午我想同你谈谈。 3这本书他读过多次了。 4他们成功地完成了计划。 5那位先生能流利地说三种语言。 1. I wrote a letter last night. 2. I want to talk with you this afternoon. 3. He has read this book many times. 4. They have carried out the plan successfully. 5. That gentleman can speak

12、three languages fluently.,2020/8/1,18,6我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。 7Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。 8我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。 9. 他不知道说什麽好。 10. 我开窗户你在意吗？ 6. I received a letter from my penfriend in Australia. 7. Jim cannot dress himself. 8. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 9. He did not know what to say. 10. Do you mind

13、 my opening the window?,2020/8/1,19,双宾语结构,此结构由“主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语（人）+直接宾语（事物）”组成。 He brings me cookies every day. 但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。 He brings cookies to me every day. She made a beautiful dress for me. 用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。 用for 侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。,2020/8/1,20,需借助to bring, gi

14、ve, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, ask等； 需借助for buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare等。,2020/8/1,21,巩固练习：,1Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。 2奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。 3请把那本字典递给我好吗？ 1.Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2.Grandma told me

15、 an interesting story last night. 3.Would you please pass me the dictionary?,2020/8/1,22,4他把车票给列车员看。 5我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？ 6新式机器将会为你节省许多劳动。 7他用他的第一个月工资给他妈妈买了一件毛衣。 4.He showed the ticket to the conductor. 5.Shall I call you a taxi? 6.The new machine will save you a lot of labour. 7.He bought a new coat for h

16、is mother with his first months salary.,2020/8/1,23,复合宾语结构,此结构由“主语+及物的谓语动词+宾语+宾语补足语”构成。宾语与宾语补足语之间有逻辑上的主谓关系或主表关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不够完整。 用 it 做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放到宾语补足语的后面，以使句子结构平衡，是英语常用的句型结构方式。即：主语+谓语+it+宾补+真正宾语。如： I found it very pleasant to be with your family.,2020/8/1,24,巩固练习：,1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把

17、小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7他每个月理一次发 8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,2020/8/1,25,巩固练习： 1我们叫她Alice. 2我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 3他们把小偷释放了。 4我要你把真相告诉我。 5 .卫兵命令我们立即离开。 6. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。 7他每个月理一次发 8我们不会让她在晚上外出的。,We call her Alice.,All of us considered him honest.,They have set the thief free.,I want yo

18、u to tell me the truth.,The guards ordered us to leave at once.,Every morning we hear him read English aloud.,He has his hair cut once a month.,We wont let her go out at night.,2020/8/1,26,9那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了 10她正在听人家讲故事。 11我从来没看见这个字这样用过。 12他感到很难跟你交谈。 13我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。 14学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。,The terrible

19、 sound made the children frightened.,She is listening to someone telling stories.,I have never seen the word used that way before.,He felt it very difficult to talk with you.,I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.,The school made it a rule that the students should stand up wh

20、en class begins.,2020/8/1,27,There be 句型,句型是由“there+be+主语+状语”构成，用以表达存在关系可以称“有”。 它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词 be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际语意。 此句型有时不用be动词，而用 live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive等。如： There stands a hill in the middle of the park. Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.,2020/8/1,28,Be 与其后的主语在人称和数量上一致，有时态和情态变化。,现在有 there is/are 过去有 there was/were 将来有 there will be；there is /are going to be 现在已经有 there has/have been 可能有 there might be. 肯定有 there must be /there must have been. 过去曾经有 there used to be