《现在时和过去时》PPT课件.ppt

1、时 态 现在时 过去时,1、时态分类 2、构成-肯定句，否定句，一般疑问句，特殊疑问句 3、用法 4、时态比较 现在进行时和一般现在时 英语在用,动词的时态,动词的时态,（1）一般现在时 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句： 主语动词原形其他； He works for us. 否定句： 主语dont/doesnt动词原形其他； He doesnt work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does主语动词原形其他。 肯定回答：Yes，（ 主语do/does） 否定回答：No，（主语dont/doesnt.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语

2、Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesnt What does he do for us? He works for us.,一般现在时 用法,1) describes things that happen on a regular basis, often used with adverbs of frequency 时间状语： every, sometimes,at, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. He cycles to work every day. 2)

3、 describes permanent situations The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. Water boils at 100 Centigrade . 3）describes fixed events in the future The plane takes off at 9:00 tomorrow morning.,4) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall.骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

4、 例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 5) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I dont want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第

5、二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况。 6）祈使句中 （ to give directions or instructions ) Go down the street, and then take the second turning on the left.,（2）一般过去时 以 work 为例： 肯 be 分为was,were v+ed否 was/were not didnt+v疑 was/were+ 主 did+主+V,一般过去时 用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago

6、, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? I saw Tom in the street yesterday. I bought this TV set in Beijing last year. 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. He always went to work by bus. He used to act like that.,3）用过去时表示现在，表示语气委婉礼貌。 （1）动词w

7、ant, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如： Did you want anything else? I wanted to ask you about that. Did you want to speak to me now? I wondered if you could help me. （2）情态动词 could, would，例如： Could you lend me your bike? 4）用在条件句中表示与现在或将来事实不符的虚拟语气。 If I were a bird, I would fly to Beijing. If he were h

8、ere now, we could turn to him for help.,used to used to - describe actions which happened regularly in the past but no longer happen used to be - describes past states that have changed He used to be a teacher. （ ） He would be a teacher. （） be / get used to - be / become accustomed to,Sometimes the

9、time becomes definite as a result of a question and answer in the present perfect eg. 1 )-Where have you been ? -Ive been to the opera. -Did you enjoy it ? 2 )- I have bought a dictionary. - Where did you buy it ? / When did you buy it ? 3 ) - Have you seen my stamps ? - Yes. I saw them on your desk

10、 a minute ago.,主句为过去时态，宾语从句中的运用 I didnt know you were here. 语境中的 “ 刚刚， 在过去 ” - Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something. - Oh, how nice of you. I never thought you were going to bring me a gift. Your phone number again ? I didnt quite catch it.,(3)现在进行时 主语+be+v.ing现在分词形式(其中v表示动词) 表示现在正在进行的动作或

11、最近在做的事。 例如：I am buying a book. 第一人称+am+doing+sth 第二人称+are+doing +sth （doing是泛指所有的v-ing形式） 第三人称+is+doing+sth 例：He is working.,现在进行时 用法 1. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。例如： We are waiting for you. 2. 短期内正在进行的动作( within a temporary period )， 说话时动作未必正在进行。例如： Mr. Green is writing another novel. He is now living

12、 in Shanghai. ( The action is temporary.) cf. He lives in Shanghai. She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. I am feeding the neighbours cat this week while shes in hospital. I dont really work here； I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.,3. 表示渐变的动词有：get, grow, become, turn, run, go, b

13、egin等。The leaves are turning red. Its getting warmer and warmer. 表示当前的动向与趋势 Technology is developing rapidly. Playing computer games is becoming more and more popular with young people. 4. 表示动作正在进行，但倒装句中用一般现在时 如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.,5.

14、 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用，表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态，往往带有说话人的主观色彩。 You are always changing your mind. You are always doing well Hes always asking the same question.,6. 状态动词的进行时后面接形容词brave; careful; stupid; clever; foolish; polite; kind; shy等时，为主语所表现的非一般惯性特点或故意的行为。 eg: 1. You are being very clever to

15、day. 2. He is being polite. 3. My son is being a good boy at the moment.,7.used to express arrangements in the future,Were spending next winter in Australia. Shes leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. ( often with words like arrive, come, go, leave ),(4)过去进行时 主语+was/were+v.ing现在分词形式(其中v表示动词) 表示过去正在进行的动作或最近

16、在做的事。 例如： He was working when he was alive. 第一,二,三 人称单数 +was+doing+sth 第一,二,三 人称复数 +were+doing +sth 肯定句：主语+was/were+doing+其它 否定句：主语+was/were+not+doing+其它 一般疑问句及答语：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它 ； 答语：Yes,I主语+was/were./No,I主语+wasnt/werent. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它,过去进行时 1）概念：表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 2）过去进行时的主要

17、用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。 3) 常用的时间状语有：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while 例句： My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. It was raining when they left the station. When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.,She was watching TV while her brother was listening to the radio. The Whites were having dinner whe