全新版大学英语综合教程b3u.ppt

1、Unit 1Changes in the Way We Live,Text A,Mr.Doherty Builds His Dream Life,Im Going to Buy the Brooklyn Bridge,Part I Vocabulary Exercise Part IIPre-reading Activities Part IIILanguage Study Part IV Post-reading Activities: Text Organization Useful Words Columbia University in New York City; Cornell U

2、niversity in Ithaca, New York; Dartmouth College in Hanover, New Hampshire; Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts; University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia; Princeton University in Princeton, New Jersey; Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut. The members of the Ivy League compete in i

3、ntercollegiate athletics.,Ivy League,BR3.1.1,Brown University,BR3.1.2,Columbia University,BR3.1.3,Cornell University,BR3.1.4,Dartmouth College,BR3.1.5,Harvard University,BR3.1.6,University of Pennsylvania,BR3.1.7,Princeton University,BR3.1.8,Yale University,BR3.2,If you want to know more about these

4、 schools, you are welcomed to log on to their websites:,Brown University Columbia University Cornell University Dartmouth College Harvard University University of Pennsylvania Princeton University www.prin

5、 Yale University ,BR4.1,Fahrenheit Scale refers to a scale of temperature, first established by the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1715. The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit (F), and 0 F was originally the coldest temperature,Fahrenheit Scale,Fahrenheit could

6、 achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice. On his scale, water freezes at 32 F and boils at 212 F (under set atmospheric conditions). No longer used in scientific work, Fahrenheit temperatures still feature in everyday language; hot days “in the eighties”, for example. To convert a Fahrenhei

7、t temperature to Celsius (centigrade), subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.,Fahrenheit Scale refers to a scale of temperature, first established by the German physicist Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1715. The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit (F), and 0 F was originally the coldest temperature,Fahr

8、enheit Scale,Fahrenheit could achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice. On his scale, water freezes at 32 F and boils at 212 F (under set atmospheric conditions). No longer used in scientific work, Fahrenheit temperatures still feature in everyday language; hot days “in the eighties”, for ex

9、ample. To convert a Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius (centigrade), subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.,BR4.2,Celsius Scale refers to a scale of hotness, or temperature, first established by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius (17011744) in 1742. On this scale, the unit of temperature is the degree

10、Celsius (C); water freezes,Celsius Scale,at 0 C and boils at 100 C (under agreed standard atmospheric conditions), although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made 0 the boiling point and 100 the freezing point. The Celsius scale was formerly commonly known as the centigrade scale because

11、of the 100 divisions between the freezing and boiling points of water. To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9/5 and add 32.,Celsius Scale refers to a scale of hotness, or temperature, first established by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius (17011744) in 1742. On this s

12、cale, the unit of temperature is the degree Celsius (C); water freezes,Celsius Scale,at 0 C and boils at 100 C (under agreed standard atmospheric conditions), although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made 0 the boiling-point and 100 the freezing-point. The Celsius scale was formerly com

13、monly known as the centigrade scale because of the 100 divisions between the freezing- and boiling-points of water. To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9/5 and add 32.,BR5.1,Buying Insurance,BR6.1,Sports Illustrated,Sports illustrated is a popular US sports magazine pub

14、lished each week by Time Inc, part of Time Warner. It first appeared in 1954, and is read mainly by men. The magazine also publishes the Sports Illustrated Sports Almanac every year.,BR7.1,Individual Retirement Account,Individual Retirement Account refers to a US government plan that allows people t

15、o put part of their income into special bank accounts. No tax has to be paid on this money until they retire. In fact, “ IRA” is used more often.,Back,Text Organization,Part One Paras 1-3 The writer views his life in the countryside as _ and _. Part Two Paras 4-7 Life in the countryside is _ yet som

16、etimes _. Part Three Paras 8-11 After quitting his job, the writers income was reduced, but he and his family _. Part Four paras 12-15 _ and _ have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.,self-reliant,satisfying,good,hard,can manage to get by,A tolerance for solitude,a lo

17、t of energy,Part Division of the Text,Parts,Lines,Main Ideas,1,2,3,114,1544,4577,The writer views his life in the country as a self-reliant and satisfying one.,Life in the country is good yet sometimes very hard.,After quitting his job, the writers income was reduced, but he and his family can manag

18、e to get by.,4,78101,A tolerance for solitude and a lot of energy have made it possible for the family to enjoy their life in the country.,GR-1-text,Back,After-1.useful-1,Useful Expressions,1. 过得去,get by,2. 寻觅心灵的满足,find contentment,3.自力更生的生活,a self-reliant life,4. 艰苦的生活,a tough life,5.日常的家务,househol

19、d routine,Useful Expressions,6. 正如老话说的那样,as the old saying goes,7. 温馨快乐每一分钟,Love / enjoy every minute of sth.,8. 过冬,get through the winter,9. 常青藤联合会学校,Ivy League schools,10. 带着的祝福,with sb.s blessings,11. 总的来说,on balance,12. 担任全职工作,be employed full time,13. 贷款按揭,mortgage payments,14. 至于 ,When it come

20、s to ,15. 除以外,apart from ,Useful Expressions,16. 外出吃饭,dine out,17. 生活水准/水平,standard of living / living standard,18. 弥补收入差额,make up the difference in income,19. 听歌剧看芭蕾演出,attend the opera and ballet,20. 耐得住寂寞,a tolerance for solitude,Useful Expressions,21. 自给自足,self-sufficiency,22. 抵制诱惑,resist temptat

21、ion,23. 怆然离去,leave with a feeling of sorrow,24. 自豪感,a sense of pride,25. 一旦形势好转,once economic conditions improve,Useful Expressions,26. 赚钱,earn money,Back,Language Study,1. get by: be good enough but not very good 过得去，尚可 How can he get by on such low wages? It is a little bit difficult for the old t

22、o get by on such a small pension. 2. make it: be successful，fulfill ones purpose 成功，达到目的 Hes never really made it as an actor. It was a terrible journey but we finally made it.,Language Study,3. haul: v.1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. 搬运 The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a truck

23、 every day. The rescue team hauled medical supplies and food to the flooded village. 2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force 用力拖拉 I got stuck in the mud and the others had to haul me out. Rescue workers hauled passengers out of the bombed commuter train.,Language Study,4. improvement: n. the act o

24、r an instance of improving or being improved. 改进，改善 Internet service providers should develop security improvement services for their customers. improvement in 表示原物有改进，好转 It shows that you have made much improvement in packing in the last decade. 这表明贵方在过去十年在包装方面有了很大的改进。 improve in （=get better） 有改进，

25、 好些,Language Study,5. supplement: vt. to add to or complete with sth else. 补充，改善 My doctor suggested a diet supplemented with vitamin tablets. He works in the evenings to supplement his student grant. n. a quantity added (e.g. to make up for a deficiency)补充，补遗；补充物；附录 Newspapers and magazines often i

26、nclude free supplement. 报纸和杂志经常有免费增刊.,Language Study,6.indoor:a. situated or used inside a building 室内的 Indoor pollution has been found to be as much as five to ten times higher inside some skyscrapers than outside. The Mall of America, the biggest mall in USA includes the worlds largest indoor amus

27、ement park. an indoor plant 一种室内植物 c.f. outdoor 户外的；露天的；野外的,Language Study,7. spray v. 1) force out liquid in small drops upon 喷洒 The seed was sprayed over the ground in huge quantities by planes. The wall was sprayed with colored paints. 这面墙是经彩喷处理的。 2) scatter in a mass 散发；散布 Many papers were spray

28、ed on the floor. 许多文件散落在地板上。,Language Study,8.pursue: v. to strive to gain or accomplish努力去获得（或完成），追求 pursue lofty political goals / pleasure / ones studies After graduation Martin chose to pursue the same career as his father as a minister. n. pursuit: the pursuit of higher education hell-for-leath

29、er pursuit全力追击 be in pursuit of 追求；追击，追赶,Language Study,9. stack: v. make into a pile 将堆起来 After she did the dishes, Mom started stacking them on the draining-board. The cereals should be stacked when drying up. 谷物应在彻底干透后再堆起。 Usage: blow ones stack俚语发脾气，大怒 stack the cards 洗牌作弊,暗中做手脚,Language Study,1

30、0.wicked: a. evil or bad 邪恶的；坏的 We are born good, but can be taught to be wicked. 设计诬陷一个清白的人是很败坏的行为。 It is a wicked thing to frame an innocent person. Wicked men obey from fear; good men, from love. 坏人服从出于怕，好人服从出于爱。 n. wickedness 邪恶；卑鄙；罪恶,Language Study,11.get through: 1)come successfully to the end

31、 通过，度过 我不知道他们是如何熬过这些寒冷的冬天的。 I dont know how they get through these cold winters. She got through the entrance examination, and was accepted by the college. 2) to make sth. understood (使)被理解；(使)被接受 We cant get it through to him that using drugs is bad for his health.,Language Study,12.on balance: wit

32、h all things considered 总的来说 Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable. On balance, its probably not advisable to change the companys name. a favorable balance顺差 an unfavorable balance逆差 be in the balance悬而未决 keep ones balance保持(身体)平衡 lose ones balance身体失去平衡 strike a balance 找出折中办法；妥协,Lan

33、guage Study,13.illustrate: v. provide with visual feature; clarify by use of examples, etc.加插图于；举例说明 The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs. His story illustrates her true generosity very clearly. Sports Illustrated: a popular US sports magazine published each week by T

34、ime Inc, part of Time Warner. It first appeared in 1954, and is read mainly by men.,Language Study,14.digest: n. a short account of written materials or data 文摘；摘要 a digest of the weeks news 一周新闻摘要 The world smiles with Readers Digest. 读者文摘给全世界带来欢笑。 vt. 1)convert food into absorbable substances 消化 T

35、he baby had a hard time digesting such rich food. 2) to think about and understand sth. 理解，明白 It took me some time to digest what I had heard. n. digestion 消化，吸收；理解，明白 (反)indigestion,Language Study,15.generate: v. bring into being; give rise to形成，产生 generate heat / power / employment / enthusiasm Th

36、e accident generated a lot of public interest in the nuclear power issue. 这次事故引起公众对核动力问题的广泛关注。 n. generator generation 一代（人） generation gap 代沟 a. generative 生产的，有生产能力的,Language Study,16. insurance: n. promise of reimbursement in the case of loss; protection against future loss 保险（费） an insurance com

37、pany 保险公司 life insurance 人寿保险 household insurance 家庭保险 an insurance against fire 火险 Air freight and insurance will be paid by you. 空运费用及保险费将由贵公司支付。,Language Study,17. policy: n. 1) a written statement of the details of an agreement with an insurance company 保险单 an all-risks policy 综合险保单 policy-holde

38、rs 投保人 2) a course of action for dealing with a particular matter or situation 政策，方针 big stick policy 大棒政策，实力政策 open-door policy 门户开放政策 wait-and-see policy 观望政策 The policy of a great power is sustained by respect, not compassion. 一个大国的政策是靠敬重，而不是靠怜悯来维持的。,Language Study,18. pick up: be ready to pay 付（

39、账） If he loses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs. He picked up his hat and went away. 拿起，捡起 Will you please pick up my parcel at the post office as you pass by? 把带走 We picked up speed as we went downhill. 增加 I picked up Radio Beijing last night. 收听，收看 The shipwrecked sa

40、ilors were picked up by a passing boat. 救起，解救 Her health soon picked up after a few days rest.好转 Ill pick you up at six. 用汽车接/搭载 She soon picked up French when she went to live in France. Pick up bad habits / a cold 染病恶习,Language Study,19.minor: a. smaller, less serious or less important than others

41、 较小的，较少的，较次要的 minor repairs / operations / injuries / role in a play On the face of it, the problem seems minor. 单从表面上判断，这个问题似乎较小。 她说这个错误只是一个小小的失误。 She says the mistake was just a minor slip. Aside/Apart from physical problems, these patients also show a lot of hostility.,Language Study,20.cut back:

42、 reduce in size or amount 减少，消减 If we dont sell more goods, well have to cut back (on) production. After NPC, the government decided to cut back military spending to ensure more on infrastructure. C.f. The gardener cut back all the bushes. 园丁把所有的灌木丛都修剪了。,Language Study,21.lower: v. cause to drop or

43、sink 降低 Lower the window shade, please. 请拉下遮光窗帘。 Prices have lowered. 物价已下跌了。 Collocations: lower the quality of life降低生活质量 lower oneself 失身份；自甘堕落 lower ones voice 压低声音,Language Study,22.dine out: eat a meal away from home ( usu. in a restaurant) 外出吃饭 to dine out to celebrate ones birthday 去外面吃饭庆祝某人

44、生日 As more working mothers appear, many families have to dine out. With the improvement of living standards, more people dine out at weekends. More people have accepted the growing trend of dining out on weekend.,Language Study,23.patronize: go to as a customer. 光顾，惠顾 The restaurant featuring French

45、 dishes is patronized by a lot of politicians and journalists. When he was a student, Mark often patronized the little shop near the college due to its inexpensive goods. N. patron 顾客,赞助人,Language Study,24.suspect:v.believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about 相信；怀疑 n. 嫌疑犯 suspect sb. of

46、 (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做)某事 suspect that 怀疑 It was perfect that the police had not suspected him of anything. It was too late for him when he suspected he had fallen into the trap. 当他觉出上了当时，已为时晚矣。 n. suspicion 怀疑；疑心 above/beyond suspicion 无可置疑的 under suspicion 受到怀疑的,Language Study,25.budget: v. a system

47、atic plan for the expenditure of a usually fixed resource, such as money or time, during a given period 预算 Keep the budget under control A new car will not be part of our budget this year. 我们已经削减了这个月的预算。 We have cut our budget this month. project budget 项目预算 balanced budget 平衡预算 defense budget 国防预算

48、on a budget 避免不必要的开支，节省费用 on a tight budget 预算紧张,Language Study,26.requirement: n. sth. needed or asked for 要求；必备条件 Can this computer handle the requirements of the wages department? 这台计算机能处理工资部门的要求吗？ meet/satisfy ones requirements 符合/达到某人的要求 Candidates who fail to meet these requirements will not b

49、e admitted to the university. 不符合这些要求的应考生不能上这所大学。,Language Study,27.scale: n. a relative level or degree ( usu. used in the phrase: on a scale of ) 规模，等级 On a scale of one to ten, how do you rate his performance? 按照从一到十的等级，你怎么来评定他的表现? on a small/large scale 小（大）规模地 a large-scale business operation 大

50、规模的商业行动 We are now seeing unemployment on an unprecedented scale. 我们现在正看到规模空前的失业现象。,Language Study,28.resist: v. keep from giving in to or enjoying 抵制 resist sth./doing sth. I was unable to resist laughing at the sight of the funny clown. Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist dise

51、ase. 营养不良降低了他们抵抗疾病的能力。 Collocation: resist temptation 抵制诱惑 n. resistance 抵抗（力），反抗 a. resistant 有抵抗力的，抵抗的,Language Study,29.profit: n. an advantageous gain or return 收益，利润 at a profit获利，赚钱/ fat profit巨额利润 reap profits at the expense of others损人利己 small profits and quick returns薄利多销 This new invention

52、 will bring you great profits like a goldmine. V. to be of advantage to 获利，得益 profit by / from 得益于，从中得到益处 The students do hope to profit by / from the teachers comments on their compositions.,Language Study,30.invest:v. commit (money or capital) in order to gain a financial return 投资 He invested 10,

53、000 dollars in an oil company. 他在一家石油公司投资了一万美元。 我已经在这个项目上花费了许多时间和精力。 I have invested a lot of time and effort in this plan. invest in: to buy 买进 I have decided to invest in a new car. 我已经决定买辆新车。 n. investment 投资 make an investment in sth.,Back,Text Translation:,A decade ago, Nancy did what so many A

54、mericans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened a household equipment store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily because of/due to /owing to their desire to improve the quality of their lives. But, to run a small business is by no means an easy job. With

55、out her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses.,Text Translation:,Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Once she could not even pick up the phone bill and had to ask her parents to loan her some money. Fortuna

56、tely, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her version of a better life.,Text Translation:,Resist, primarily, patronize, dine out, profit, indoor, patronize, on balance, on a large scale 相当多的孩子体重越来越重，这个趋势正日益明显。这个现象主要可以用以下两

57、个原因来解释。随着人们生活水平的提高，孩子们有更多的机会外出就餐。他们无法抵制麦当劳、肯德基或者是必胜客的诱惑。这些快餐公司在针对孩子的广告花了上百万的钱。 这些广告又反过来给公司带来了巨大的利润。,孩子们经常光顾这些快餐连锁店，结果不可避免的胖起来。第二个原因是缺乏运动。今天的孩子们忙于学习，有的甚至整天呆在屋里。 卡路里摄入的增加，运动时间的减少，导致了孩子肥胖的危险。总的说来，我们应该更加关注孩子们的健康问题。应该大规模的开展一项反对西方快餐疯狂进攻中国的运动。,Key to translation,There is a growing trend that quite a number

58、 of children are getting overweight. This fact can be primarily accounted for by the following two reasons. With great improvement in peoples living standard, children now have much more chances to dine out. They just cant resist the temptation of Mc Donald, KFC or Pizza hut, which have spent millio

59、ns of dollars on advertising directed at kids. This in turn brings about great profits to these companies.,Children patronize these fast food outlets so often that they are inevitably getting obese. The second reason is lack of sports. Children today are extremely occupied by their studies, and some even go so far as to st