高中情态动词课件大全.ppt

1、情态动词(一）,modal verbs,Grammar,情态动词,表示推测,不表示推测,can could may might shall should must will would ought to,have to dare (darent) need (neednt) used to,情态动词有一定的意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能独立使用，它和后面的动词构成谓语 只作情态动词的can/could, may/might, ought to， must 可情态可实义的need, dare/dared 可情态可助动词的shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的have

2、 to, used to,must , can/could, may/might 的用法,must,1.must 表示推测时， 只能用于肯定句。,e.g.这个电脑肯定出了问题。,There must be something wrong with the computer.,你努力学了一整天， 一定累了吧,You have worked hard all day. You must be tired.,2.must +be doing/do 表示对现在的动作进行肯定推测,e.g.他现在一定在看小说.,He must be reading novels now.,他们买了一辆新车。 他们一定很有

3、钱.,They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money.,3.must +have done 表示对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断,e.g.他们在玩篮球， 他们一定完成了作业。,They are playing basketball, they must have finished their homework.,路是湿的。昨天晚上一定下雨了。,The road is wet. It must have rained last night.,对现在或将来情况推测：must +动词原形。 must只能用于肯定。否定和疑问分别用can

4、t和can。 e.g. He must tell a lie. Can he tell a lie ? He cant tell a lie. *must-should/ought to may-might/could+do 可能性依次减弱,He must be reading, isnt he? You must do it yourself, dont you? He must have gone over the article, hasnt he? It must have rained last night, didnt it?,表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成,can/could,1.

5、 can /could 表示推测时，只能用在否定句或疑问句中。,e.g. Its so late. Can Tom be reading?,Can it be Mr. Green?,这个人不可能是玛丽， 她生病了。,It cant be Mary. She has fallen ill.,她不可能在说谎。,She couldnt be telling lies.,2. can/could have done 对过去发生行为的可能性进行推测:,刚才我还看见他了， 所以他不可能出国的。,I saw him just now so he couldnt have gone abroad.,门是锁着的

6、， 所以她不可能在家。,The door was locked.,She couldnt have been at home.,3. can/could have done “本可以，本来可能已经”用于肯定句中，表示对过去发生的事情做出的判断.,e.g.你本来可以考的更好。,You could have had a better mark.,may/might,1.may/might表示推测时，只能用于陈述句，表示对现在或将来要发生的动作把握不大。,e.g.她们明天可能会到这里来。,They may come here tomorrow.,他们可能还在等我们呢。,They may be sti

7、ll waiting for us.,3.might/may have done,表示对过去发生的动作进行可能性推测。,e.g.他可能去医务室了。,He may have gone to the clinic.,他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。,He might have read about the news in the newspaper.,策划：学生双语报,14,用于表达合理推断。 e.g. It is three oclock, the football game should begin now. Mary took dancing lessons for years, she

8、should be an excellent dancer.,2. should 的用法,表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,肯定的推测 可能的推测 否定的推测 疑问的推测,must,对将来 对现在 对过去,情态动词,may, might,cant, couldnt,can, could,+ V. + V. + have done 常见must be + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing 可以用not表示“可能不”,+V. + V. + have done + be doing,+ V. + V. + have done + be doing,策划：

9、学生双语报,16,1.Judging from his accident, he must be from the south,2.Tom bought a lot of apples. He must like eating apples,3.It is eleven oclock at night and the lights are off. They must be sleeping now,isnt, he?,didnt he?,arent they?,因must后是实意动词like,因must后是系动词 be,must后接的是be sleeping，是对正在进行的情况推测,策划：学

10、生双语报,17,1.We must have learned 2,000 words by the end of last term,hadnt we?,3.He must have gone to Beijing,didnt it?,hasnt he?,若句中含有过去完成时的时间状语，用过去完成时完成反意疑问句,若句中含有过去的时间状语，用一般过去时完成反意疑问句,若句中不含任何时间状语， 用现在完成时完成反意疑问句,2.It must have rained last night, for the road was very muddy，,1. I dont know where she

11、is, she _ be in Wuhan. 2. At this moment, our teacher _ our exam papers. 这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。 3. The road is wet. It _ last night. (rain) 4. Your mother _ for you. 你妈妈一定一直在找你。,may,must be marking,must have rained,must have been looking,5. Philip _ seriously in the car accident. 菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤. 6. -Linda h

12、as gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. -She _ (go) by bus. 7. Mike _ his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐 公共汽车来上班的。,may (might) have been hurt,may (might) have gone,cant have found,Practice 2:表示推测情态动词的重要用法.,1. You must be Mr Smith-I was told to expect you h

13、ere. 2. He must have known what we wanted. 3. We may have read the same report. 4. He cant have slept through all that noise. 5. Theres someone outside-who can it be? 6. What can they be doing? 7. These pills might help to cure your disease. 8. You could be right, I suppose.,1.-Is John coming by tra

14、in? -He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car. (2002高考题） A. must B. can C. need D. may 2.It has been announced that candidates(候选人) _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. (2002上海高考题） A. can B.will C. may D. shall 3.-I heard they went skiing in the mountains last w

15、inter. (2002北京高考题） -It _ true because there was little snow there. A. may not be B. wont be C. couldnt be D. mustnt be,情态动词（二）,modal verb,Grammar ( 33ms ),策划：学生双语报,23,could(不用can)+have done,在肯定句中表示“本来能够而没能”，具有婉转的批评和责备之意。,1. I could have passed my exam easily, but I made too many stupid mistakes. 我本来

16、能够轻易通过考试，但我犯了太多不该 犯的错误。 2.You could have reported to me earlier. 你本该早点告诉我的。,策划：学生双语报,24,should/ought to+have done用于肯定句时，表示“本该做某事而实际上没做”，用于否定句时，则表示“不该做的事反而做了”。,1.You should have told him a week ago. 你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。 2.You ought not to have taken the magazine out of the reading room. 他不该、把杂志带出阅览室的。,策划：学

17、生双语报,25,might（不用may）+have done表示“本来可能”，但实际上没有发生的事。另外，还可表示“本来应该或可以做某事”之意，含有轻微的责备语气。,1.You might not have told her. 你本可以不告诉他的。（事实上你告诉他了） 2. You might have come earlier. 你本可以早点来的。（但没有这样）,策划：学生双语报,26,neednt +have done表示做了本来不必去做的事。,1.She neednt have gone to the station yesterday. 昨天她本不必到火车站去的.（昨天她去了） 2.Y

18、ou neednt have bought it. 你本可不必买它的。 （你买了）,策划：学生双语报,27,巩 固 练 习,1.Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach. I _ so much fried chicken just now. A. shouldnt eat B. shouldnt have eaten C. mustnt eat D. mustnt have eaten 2.-Why hasnt Jane arrived yet? -She _ again in the morning? A. shouldnt have overslept

19、 B. may have turned off the alarm clock C. must have no one t o call her D. should have someone to wake her up 3.-Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday? -No. We _, but we decided not to. A.should have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone,B,B,A,策划：学生双语报,28,4.As it turned out to

20、 be a small house party, we _ so formally. neednt dress B. didnt have to dress up C. Might not have dressed up D. neednt have dressed up 5.Im rather surprised you havent reported him to your teacher. In my opinion, you _ this as soon as you found out he was cheating. must have done B. might have don

21、e C. should have done D. could have done,D,C,策划：学生双语报,29,2. should 的用法,注意：should可表示“居然，竟然”。 e.g.我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。 I cant believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old.,策划：学生双语报,30,e.g. Young people should learn how to use computers. Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.,3

22、. should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与ought to意义相近，但ought to多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。,策划：学生双语报,31,e.g. You should/ought to have told her the truth earlier. She shouldnt have left without saying a word.,4.should/ought to have done表示责备或批评,意为“本应该做到但没有做到”,用于否定则表示“本不该但”ought to的语气更强烈.,策划：学生双语报,32,can, could 和be able to的用法,e.g.She can/be able to sing the song in English. This machine can