211普华永道--财务管理最佳实践之项目A.ppt

1、Best Practice Financial Processes: Project Accounting,Project Accounting - Best Practices Objectives,Project Accounting Objectives,Organisation,People,Processes,Controls,Measures,Information Systems,to record and maintain costs and time at a project and task level to maintain project assets full cos

2、t, marginal, direct costs, direct costs and uplift, etc,Actuals and commitments (ie PO) raised against project budget Monitor against defined milestones Confirm physical progress of project Amend budgets for known costs overruns / savings,Project costs can be allocated to departments or billed to cu

3、stomers at appropriate times Charge against agreed milestones,Best Practice Features,Project Accounting - Best practice features,Establish project,Allocate budgets,Allocate costs Comprehensive communication and training to maximise benefits of better information Standard formats and means of data co

4、llection / consolidation in place with manageable level of detail; Timetable in place with deadlines for inputting costs and timesheets agreed; Guidelines clearly defined and communicated; Effective communication and feedback mechanisms in place between central group(s) and project / job managers; A

5、pproval levels and responsibilities clearly defined; Effective use of management time during the review process; Integrated systems in place with software to support on line reporting and analysis by operating management; Strong analytical support to decision making, by both finance departments and

6、project teams; Efficient use of IT, to ensure project managers receive timely and accurate information.,These are the a summary of the key business requirements which must be met to achieve Project Accounting objectives:,Project Accounting - Issues and Trends,Link with work management / resource sch

7、eduling,Trends,Link with project management tool for financial and project reporting,Projects often will across financial / fiscal years, this can make year end accounting complicated,Issues,The trend is towards integrated systems / bespoke solutions tailored to meet sector specific needs,Propriety

8、project management tools (eg PMW, MS Project) have only high level financial reporting, job and project costing modules have no progress reporting or planning functions - no good solution currently available. The trend is to integration and data warehousing,Independent closing or cleardown of projec

9、t details from fiscal year close in main financial ledgers,Project Accounting - Projects Classifications,Projects can be broadly defined as: Capital projects such as network building; Billing projects which are customer facing projects and result in the customer being invoiced during the life of the

10、 project or at the completion of the project.,Project Accounting - Level 0 Context Diagram,Project,Accounting,Employee Details,Capex / budgets,Project Accounting,Fixed Assets,Purchasing,Human Resource,General ledger,Capitalised assets,Project details,Purchase Orders (commitments),Payables,Receivable

11、s,Invoices,Work management scheduling,Works orders and tasks,Supplier invoices,Customers,Time information,Contract details,Invoices & project details,External suppliers (eg sub-contractors),Program reporting,Milestone definition/ targets,Budgeting & planning,Time recording system,Inventory,Goods boo

12、ked out,Surplus items,Project Accounting - Level 1 Overview,Standing data Request,Budgeting procedures Authorisation procedure Technical Policy / requirements Project Accounting Policy,Management Accountant Technical support Budget holder Project owmer,PA structure,Achieve information,Authorisation

13、rules Reporting rules Technical standards PA procedures / templates,Management accountant Project managers Financial accountant Budget holder,Reports,Progress reports,Financial procedures PA procedures Management feedback Technical Feed back,Authorised project,Communication and reporting guidelines

14、PA procedures Management feedback Technical Feed back,Management accountant Technical Staff Project Managers AP system PO system Time recording system,Technical staff/operations Project Managers Financial accountant,Project authorisation documentation,Updated project details and costs,Time and costs

15、,Closed project,Customer invoices,Capitalised costs,Status guidelines Notification procedures FA procedures Review procedures Consolidate procedure Reporting guidelines Review Procedures Reporting & authorisation procedures Budgeting procedures Clarify procedures Archiving procedures,Management accountant Project managers/owner Directors Budget Holder Billing system FA accountant/system Asset management system,Project Accounting - Appendix 1 : IDEF Process Flow,The diagram below provides a key to