Chapte I.ppt

1、Part Three,Culture,Chapter I,Education,I. A Brief Introduction to American Education,Education has been greatly respected throughout the American history, even before the Revolution. The Earliest Colleges: Harvard College, Yale College, Kings College,2. *Guiding principle*: Each citizen should recei

2、ve the best education possible and everyone should get equal opportunity to receive at least some education. 3. Distinctive feature: “emphasis on education of the masses rather than on education of the intellectuals”,II. Forms of Education,Elementary Education Secondary Education Higher Education,At

3、 the age of 6,Children begin their school education,Elementary Education,An elementary school teacher must have a bachelor of arts degree with a major in education.,Finishing the elementary school education,High school,automatically,Junior High School,Senior High School,A high school teacher must ha

4、ve a master of arts degree in education.,Senior High School,College and University,conditionally,Higher Education,1. General Introduction A. There are over 2000 universities, colleges or other institutions in the U.S. B. More than 60% can continue college education after graduation. C. of all the co

5、lleges and universities are private. Every state has at least one public university.,2. Types of Institutions (3),A. Two-year College: “Junior College” and “community college” a. It serves as a bridge to connect secondary schools and universities. b. It meets various needs of the students. -c. Teach

6、ers have masters degree.,B. Four-year College: “liberal arts college” “college of arts and science” -a. Its curriculum is confined to humanities, social and behavioral sciences, and the natural sciences. b. They offer the degrees of the Bachelor of Arts (BA) and the Bachelor of Science (BS).,C. Univ

7、ersities: a. A university may have several colleges. b. Its curriculum is broader and deeper. -c. Many universities have one or more professional schools. -d. They may have a variety of research units in various fields.,3. Faculty Members,A. Ranging from full professors to instructors: a. Full profe

8、ssor b. Associate professor c. Assistant professor d. Instructor,In two-year colleges, teachers should have masters degree and its emphasis is on teaching. In four-year colleges and universities, there are more faculty members with the doctorates. Research and scholarly writing are emphasized in the

9、 senior colleges and universities.,-A. If a student has graduated from a high school within the state and has satisfactory high school records, he can be admitted to a state university. -B. Four grades: freshman, sophomore, junior and senior,5. Admission and Academic Levels,-C. Credits: Credit is on

10、e of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress. (credit hours or points) D. Academic Degrees: Bachelors Degree Masters Degree Doctorate,7. Well-known Universities,A. *IVY League* a. It is the name generally applied to eight universities: Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard,

11、 Pennsylvania, Princeton and Yale. b. “The IVY League” was changed to “the IVY Group” according to the Presidents Agreement in 1954. c. Now the Ivy Group is more popular because people know it refers to the 8 well-known American universities. In addition, there are some more well-known universities,

12、 such as Stanford, MIT and Caltech.,Harvard University,Truth,Yale University,Light and Truth,Stanford University,The wind of freedom blows.,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Mind and Hand,Caltech,The truth shall make you free.,Harvard University,Yale University,Stanford University,Massachusetts

13、Institute of Technology,Caltech,III. American Libraries,1. Private libraries: They are not open to all, but only used by those with authorizations. Colleges and universities usually have the largest and most important private libraries. The library in Harvard College was the first library in the U.S

14、.A. and a private one as well.,2. Public libraries: They are open to everyone. The first public library was founded in 1731 in Philadelphia. The Library of Congress is the largest public library in the U.S.A.,The Library of Congress,Function: a reference library for the legislature and for public,Th

15、e library of Congress,B. Harvard UniversityMotto:,a. A Brief Introduction to Harvard: It is the oldest institution of higher learning in the U.S. It was established in 1636 and named for its first benefactor, John Harvard of Charlestown. Seven American presidents were graduates of Harvard.,Truth,b.

16、Admission and Students,There is no single office at Harvard University that handles admissions for all students to all programs. Each school maintains its own admissions office and specialized staff to meet the needs of their prospective students. There are admissions office for the following progra

17、ms: Undergraduate, Graduate programs, Professional Education programs, Continuing Education, Summer School Programs.,Bill Gates in his home school-Harvard,c. Schools and Research Centers,There are many schools, numerous centers, institutes and societies in Harvard. Harvard also has a Provosts Office

18、 established in 1994 with broad responsibilities. (x) d. Making Major Impacts on the World In 2002 researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute find a gene that leads to obesity and may fight cancer.,In 2003 Harvard astronomers discover a new planet in the constellation Sagittarius. In 2004 Stem cell scientist Douglas Melton announces the creation of 17 new lines of embryonic stem cells. In 2005 physics Profes