Grammar2.ppt

1、Grammar,若直接引语中含有when, since, while 等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句, 变间接引语时, 从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” She said she had gone there when she was six years old.,若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better 等动词时。 如： She said, “We should help each other.” She sa

2、id we should help each other.,1. Could I use your bathroom?,request,2. Put your coat in the closet.,command,3. Speak quietly on the phone, please.,request,Requests or Commands?,4. Will you help me with my homework this afternoon?,request,5. Could you meet me at four?,request,6. Take your shoes off b

3、efore you enter the room.,command,Direct speech,Requests: Do ., please. Can you.? Could you .? Will you .? Would you . ?,Commands: Do. Dont .,Indirect speech,Requests: A asked B to do sth. A asked B not to do sth.,Commands: A told/ordered B to do sth. A told/ordered B not to do sth.,祈使句的间接引语采用“动词+宾语

4、 +不定式”结构。 told/asked/orderedsb. (not) to do sth.,归纳：,如果祈使句是表示请求, 间接引语的 动词常用ask; 如果是表示命令, 间接 引语的动词常用tell, order, command等，例：,The officer said to him, “Dont leave your post.” The officer ordered him not to leave his post.,He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film. 或 He suggested t

5、hat they should go to see the film.,直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句, 变为间接引语时, 通常用“suggest + 动名词(或从句)”。如:,感叹句,直引: 主语+动词+“感叹句” 间引: 主语+动词+陈述句 e.g. He said, “What a fine day it is!” He said, “How fine the day is!” He said what a fine day it was. He said how fine the day was. He exclaimed that it was a fine day.,例如

6、: 1.The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” ,The mother asked Tom to get up early.,2.The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”,The teacher told the students not to waste their time.,例如： He said, Lets go to the film. He suggested going to the film. 或He suggested that they should

7、 go to see the film.,直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用 “suggest +动句词（或从句）。”,He said, “My sister was here for three days.” He said that _ sister _ _ _ _ three days. 2. She said ,“Ill go there tomorrow.” She said that _ _ go there _.,his,had been,there for,she would,the next day,练一练,3. She said, “Did y

8、ou see him last night?” She _ me _ him _. 4. “When did you go to bed last night?” Father said to Peter. Father _ Peter _ _ the night _.,asked,if/whether I had seen,the night before,asked,when he went to,before,bed,5. The host said to us, “Please come to see us again if you have time.” _ _. 6. The te

9、acher said to me, “Write a letter to your parents.” _ _,The host asked us to go to see them again if we had time,The teacher told me to write a letter to my parents.,The landlady asked him to put his coat in the closet.,“Will you please put your coat in the closet?” said the landlady.,把间接引语转换为直接引语。,

10、The landlady asked him not to put his coat on the bed.,“Will you please not put your coat on the bed?” asked the landlady.,2. The young father told his children to stand still.,“Stand still,” the young father said to his children.,The young father told his children not to move., “Dont move,” the you

11、ng father said to his children.,3. Mother told me to lock the door after midnight., “Lock the door after midnight,” said Mother.,Mother told me not to leave the door open after midnight.,“Dont leave the door open after midnight,” said Mother.,1. “Please close the window,” he said to me.He _ me _ the

12、 window.A. said to; to close B. told to; closingC. asked; to close D. said to; please close,Choose the best answer.,C,2. “Dont put it on my hat.”his wife said to him. His wife told him _ put it on _hat. A. dont, his B. dont, her C. not to, his D. not to, her,D,3. Rose asked Tom, “Did you see my purs

13、e?” Rose asked Tom _. A. whether that he had seen her purse B. whether he had seen her purse C. that whether he had seen her purse D. that if he has seen her purse,B,4. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter,D,解析: 如果直接引语是 “Whats

14、the matter?” “Whats wrong?” “Whats the trouble?”, 变间接引语时语序不变。,5. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.,解析: 反意疑问句要变成whether或 if 引导的宾语从句。,B,6. He ask

15、ed _ for the computer. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid,D,7. Tom asked Jack _. A. why he was so excited B. why was he so excited C. why is he so excited D. why he is so excited,A,8. The boy said, “May I go along with you?” The boy asked me _. A. if I mig

16、ht go along with you B. if he might go along with you C. if he might go along with me D. if he might go along with the boy,D,9. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _ very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy wasB. said to his mother that the boy isC. told his mother that the boy wasD.

17、 spoke to his mother that the boy was,D,10. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _. A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film,D,把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。 “Open the window, please.” Mother said to me. 2. The teacher told the student not to speak to him / her like that.,“Dont speak to me like that,” the teacher said to the student.,Mother asked / told me to open the window.,3. “Would you please stop to have a rest?” she said.