GrammarandFunction.ppt

1、研究生2年级(必需5)模块2，模块2 a job worth doing，grammar，match the sentences with the names of the tenses。past simple past perfect past continuous，he survived . he was driving a lorry . he had had lots of jobs。read the sentences and disists b . which tense refers to an action in progress when another thing happ

2、ened？c . which tense refers to something which happened before something else？1 .before He volunteered to direct traffic，timoteo had had lots of jobs . 2 . He was driving a lorry when He came off the road . 3 He lived here three yeaa他三年前住在这里。常用科举用法，2 .表示过去一段时间内反复或习惯的动作。When I was a child，I often pla

3、yed football in the street。我小时候经常在街上踢足球。3 .用于its time/I wish/id rather that-clause文章模式和某些条件。在文章中表达虚拟，牙齿句型描述的情况往往与现在的事实相反。how I wish every family had a large house with a beautiful garden！4 .根据上下文的上下文要求，可以使用常规科举时间。- Long time to see！Havent you graduated from college？-yes . I studied English for four

4、years in Nanjing。科举进展主要用于表示过去持续了一段时间的工作。They were expecting you yesterday。他们昨天在等你。科举进行中的用法，2 .有时不与时间副词一起使用的时候，可以表示逐渐发展。It was getting darker。the wind was rising.3 .有时可以用一句话来表示时间副词。When I arrived，Tom was talking on the phone。1 .指示某个动作或状态在过去某个时间或动作之前完成。句子中一般由by引导的时间状语或由before、until、when、than等引导的一般科举时间

5、的时间状语子句。在完成科举时使用，By 5:00 Yesterday Morning we HAD Finished That Work。到昨天早上5点，我们已经完成了工作。2 .表示某个动作或状态已经开始到科举某个时间点，持续到牙齿科举时间，并且可以持续。John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage。约翰和简结婚前就认识很久了。3 .用于与if领导的科举事实相反的条件语句，以及由wish，as if引导的句子。If she had worked hard，she would have succ

6、eeded。如果她努力，她会成功的。事实上，她没有努力，也没有成功。)，4 .常用的hardly/scarcely/barely.when.No sooner.than.在后背的结构中，意思是“马上”。Hardly had he begun to speak，the audience interrupted him。他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。5 .intend、think、hope、want、mean等动词表示过去完成时过去未实现的计划或意图。I had meant to take a good holiday this year，but I wasnt able to get away。

7、我计划今年好好度假，但不能离开。，Mary wrote a letter to her friend last night . Mary was writing a letter to her friend last night。they had done the work at five oclock . they did the work at five oclock，1 .were you surprised by the ending of the film？No.i _ _ _ _ _ the book，so I already knew the story . a . was re

8、adingb . had read c . am reading d . Have reak a . has doneb . had DDhave you finished reading Jane Eyre？否，I _ _ _ _ _ _ my homework all day yesterday . a . was doingb . would do c . has done d . do，5 .excuse me . I _ _ _ _ _ I was blocking your way . a . did nt realize b . dont realize c . havent r

9、ealized.6.the book has been translated into thirty languages since it _ _ _ _ on the market in 1973 . a . had come b . has come Function making dedue，“情态动词have科举分词”的用法，1 .musthave科举分词表示对过去发生的动作或存在状态的肯定判断。用于肯定的陈述(否定句和疑问句中用can代替must)意味着“已经”。If he had really been there，I must have seen him。2 .can (coul

10、d) have科举分词表示对过去发生的动作或存在状态的否定或疑问判断。Where can he have gone？他去了哪里？Jim cant have been at home yesterday。吉姆昨天不能在家。3 .may/mighthave科举分词表示对过去发生的动作或存在状态的不确定猜测，语气比使用can (could)弱。Might的语气比may更弱。she may have read the book . he might not have got your letter。4 .need have科举分词经常用于否定句，表示过去做了不需要或不需要做的事，并表示“本来就不需要”

11、。You neednt have told him the news。你不必告诉他那个消息。5 .should/ought tohave科举分词积极地表示：“过去应该做什么事，但没有做。”否定式包含不满或责备的意思：“过去做某事会渡边杏(但做了)”。youre right . I should have thought of that . she ought to have come earlier。6 I would have written to you earlier but I have been ill。我本来想早点给你写信的，但是病了。If I had seen the adver

12、tisement，I would have applied for the job。如果我看到那个广告，我就申请那份工作。，1 .“when I was younger，I worked as a miner。” that _ _ _ _ _ _ have been hard . 2.im surprised David didnt apply for the job . he Complete the sentences with must，cant or might .must、cant、3。“wheres Sam？” I dont know . he _ _ _ _ _ have gon

13、e to the meeting 4 .I dont know why the manager did nt reply . he _ _ _ happy . they _ _ _ _ _ have increased his salary . 6 . the secretary wasnary，complete the dialogue with the correct words and phrases。must have been、cant have been、a : no、It was a nightmare . b : they _ _ _ _ _ have got lost、or

14、had an accidJohn _ a better job，But he was too careless . a . should do b . must have done c . could do d . could have done 2-I done.n accident . a . can b . should c . might d . must，3 .he must have seen the inspector last night，_ _ he a . must nt b . hasnt c . did nt d . does nt 4-Mary looks sad .