2011高考定语从句.ppt

1、2011年定语从句复习,The Attributive Clause（Revision),修饰名词和代词的成分,Key words:,定语:,a beautiful flower,a tall boy,beautiful,tall,定语从句：,修饰名词和代词的从句,This is the book that I am looking for.,定语从句,the book,1.先行词,that,2.关系词,定语从句的关系词,1.代替人 用 2.代替物用 3 所有格用 4.代替时间（作状语） 5 代替地点（作状语） 6 代替原因（作状语）,who,whom,that,which,that,Whos

2、e =,relative pronoun and adverb,when,why,where,= 介词+ which,the 名词 of whom the 名词 of which,关系代词,关系副词,常见考点,1.如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词 2. that 与which 的区别 3.介词+关系代词 4.as 与which的区别（在非限定性定从中） 5. as 与 that的区别（在限定性定从中） 6.指人时that 与who的区别 7.定语从句与易混句型（并列句，同位语从句，强调句型）,如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词 How to choose the relative pronoun o

3、r the relative adverb,考点一,基本方法,1. 找先行词 2.将先行词放在定从中，补充完整。 3 用关系词代替先行词，并将其提到定语从句的句首。,1.A plane is a machine _ can fly. 2.The boy _ broke the window is called Tom. 3.Do you know the boy _ mother is our teacher. 4. This is the room _ we lived last year. 5,He lives in a room _ window faces south. 6,This

4、is the reason _ he was late. 7, I still remember the day_ I first came to this school. 8,The girl _ we saw yesterday is Lucy. 9. The fish _ we bought today were fresh.,that/ which,who/that,whose,where,whose,why,when,Who/ that /whom /省略,Which/that /省略,先行词在定从中作宾语时可以省略,I will never forget the day _ I f

5、irst went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that/不填),(which/that /不填),where,Compare 易错点,1. Is this factory _ we visited last week?,D,2,Is this the factory _ we vi

6、sited last week?,A、where B、that C、to which D、the one,B,解题关键：如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。,Exercises,1. 先行词为all, little, the one, much, everything, nothing, no, something, anything等不定代词,2.先行词被all, the only , the very, the just, 等修饰时。,3.先行词是序数词或最高级或有序数词形容词最高级修饰时。 (the best, the last, the first),4. 先行词为人和物的组合 5.若

7、主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复,考点二 that 与which 的区别-只用that的情况:,1. He talked happily about the men and books _ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom 2. This is the best film _ I have seen. A. that B. which C. where D. in that,3. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A.

8、 that B. / C. which D. it,4. Which is the book _ belongs to Tom? A.whom B. which C. who D. that,先行词为人和物的组合,先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,先行词被all, the only , the very, the just, 等修饰时,若主句中有疑问代词 who 或者 which，为了避免重复, 用 that,。,1. His dog,_ was now old, became ill and died. A. which B that C this D. it 2. The day on_ h

9、e was born was Dec. 20,1990. A. when B. that C. which D. this,-只用which不用that的情况: 1,非限定性定从 2,介词后面,考点二 that 与which 的区别,提醒: 介词关系代词引导的定语从句, 关键是判断介词的选择. 方法: 根据从句中动词与先行词习惯搭配 介词which 或 whom; 不可用that 或who 代替,考点三 介词+ 关系代词,1).This is the reason _ _ he left his hometown. 2). This is the reason _ he left his ho

10、metown for. 3).This is the girl _ _I learned the news 4). Is this the book _ he is looking _? 想一想？ 5).I dont like the way_ _ you laughed at her.,for which,/why,which,from whom,for,in which,/that,which/that,介词与关系代词,( /不填),拓展1,Have a discussion,方法总结,Is this the book for which he is looking ?,1.先行词为人,关

11、系代词用介词+whom; 先行词为物, 用介词+which;介词+关系词可共同提前，也可只提关系词，介词放定从后 2.固定的动词短语,介词不能提前。 3.关系代词和关系副词有时可转换： where, when, why = 介词 + which 4.先行词是the way作状语译为“方式 时, 关系代词用thatin which或省略.,想一想,总结:,as与which引导的非限定性定从定语从句,考点四,as 与 which的区别（在非限定性定从中）,方法： 1. which, as代替整个句子；which不能放句首,as既可以放句首，也可放句中; 2，Which译为“这一点”， as译为“正

12、如”，常与see, say, know, mention ,expect 搭配如：as is known, as everyone knows ,as is said, as you can see,1). _ we know, Taiwan belongs to China. 2). Taiwan belongs to China,_ is really true. 3). He passed the game,_ made us happy. 4). He passed the exam,_ was expected.,As,拓展1,which,which,as,as与that引导的限定性

13、定语从句的区别,考点五,as 与 that的区别（在限定性定从中）,方法：当先行词前有as, so, such, the same 修饰时,关系代词常用as。表示“像一样”,拓展2,比较翻译 1,This is such an easy question as I can answer. 定从 2,This is such an easy question that I can answer. 状从,-这是一个我能回答的简单问题, 这个问题如此简单以致我能回答,1. This is the same pen _I lost yesterday. A. as B. that C.the one

14、D. A而定语从句的引导词在句中要作成份。,that,when,.定语从句与强调句型,建议：仔细审题，找到突破口。,加油,Find the mistakes and correct:,1.Einstein is such a great scientist that we must learn from. 2.This is the very place where we visited many years ago.,that,as,1）错用引导词；,常见错误,.This is the jacket which I bought it last week.,2）定语从句中的被替换成份没有去掉

15、。,. This is the only one of the rooms that are free now.,).定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数上 应与先行词一致. the only one of定从谓语用单数；one of 定从谓语用复数,is,_,1. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what 2. Such signs _ we use in the experiment _Greek letters. A. as, are B. as, is C. that,

16、are D. that, is,巩固提高:,3. This is one of the best books _. A. that have ever been written B. that has ever been written C. that has written D. that have written 4. She is not the only one of the girls _ well in class. A. which sings B. who sing C. who sings D. who to sing,5. She is very good at dance

17、, _ everybody knows. A. that B. which C. who D. as 6. We do the same work _ they do. A. which B. as C. than D. like,7. Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、where B、that C、of whom D、which,A,先行词是situation, case, stage, point时，一般用where,最佳选择则是in which,8.I bought some books from the bookstore, five _were English novels.,