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普通钻床改造为多轴钻床外 文 文 献It is the new-type inject by shaping technology1. inject by shaping altogether( inject shaping of at core layers) Adopt and inject shaping help and observe and make one unique structure altogether. first of plastic is injected and fill and enter some types first, then the plastic: second follow first inject person who enter one and keep initial to drive pressure field of flowing closely. At epidermis district and core the sizes of one, measure and publish first and the materials quantities of second according to correct proportionate relationship, Make one at first complete at second to make one parcel appearance core each. In addition, in cosmetics application, the material is put after second material injecting to have first of epidermis of the small part, So that the epidermis of the part of the runner can be totally closed. Inject making one of shaping altogether with the resin of 2 kinds of different colors, form a piece of a layer of blocks of epidermis and core apt to distinguish (Realize inject shaping one as much as all have and have and one very much important this core similar epidermis. )If there is not advanced detection technique, usually difficult to distinguish the epidermis - core area and boundary of layer. Inject shaping a new technology altogether. British ici company began to use this technology in the 1970s early, and had made the basic theory of including, Produce several patents, such as the products and machinery equipment,etc. Now similar to mould mould sandwiches what has been adopted generally ici production technologies,last outer the materials of the epidermis at moulds and in layers is material different on core occasionally, So two a kind of material person who a certain one inclusives, and core require and have high radiations very, issue and steep shaping and retrieve performance of utilizing etc at 100% by layers of material. Should be fixed relatively by the excellent choice to select the material for use. After injecting the shaping technology and come out in 15 altogether, can really just popularize and popularize . One a kind of adoptions inject the thick teeth of shaping fails and produces horizontal cross-section altogether. Material to pack nylon epidermis, and pearl material pack the nylon at - - glass layers of material core. A rate that shrinks material of pearl of glass is extremely low in core one, have good size stabilities. Nylon prevent pearl from grains of material easy problem of denuding that produces by epidermis person who give good and lubricated tooth tooth gear wheel. Already developed several kinds and processed the method of improving new-typly at present on the basis of the basic theory of injecting shaping altogether. At however, in the mould and gas assist paint mould mould. Mould have and paint processing method to adopt low molecular weight polymers as the outer material, Gas assist mould mould shaping to adopt the nitrogen or another kind of gas as the core one( or core ones) material. Produce and process equipment constant to perfect and improve, satisfy of different use newly and the new technologies demands with product design, Inject technology and will become the rich and potential industrialized extensive production technology method altogether.2. inject by - it compress shaping Inject and compress shaping move perpendicular on dividing into mould line direction by medium-sized s of walls at -. Adopt the method at the shaping, fill mould stage and produce pressure drive melting body flow according to process, But this flowed the degree of depth of one melted variably. At flowing one deeply relatively, pressure drop relatively low, so that heavy areas make pieces of shaping excessive to pigeonhole melting body, And has prevented the material in the twinkling of an eye from responding, these 2 kinds of factors will hinder the flow of the melting body equally. It injects forming process type make pieces of the 14%s of thickness finally by s of degree of depth, After the plastic has been packed 60% - 75% of the type roughly, stop injecting, a of walls of mould is bulldozed at the same time , Until make the wall original shaping of one finally. The final size of making one is defined at this stage . If at mould wall at process fulling of more type before moving, this kind of technology is usually called and cast and press shaping. On the whole, cast and press shaping to adopt pressure that become to making one go on and protect and pigeonhole in one a piece of variable the type ones of volumeses. Cast and press stage to increase the stages of density, density and then in lying between and solid state plastic change melting body. Adopt and cast and press way shaping pre- pressing discs, remaining stress degree of minimising, Make pieces of have remain stress produce and become phenomenon of refracting. It cast and press shaping improvement type activities types types for kinds of new technology in s of walls,inject its make. Already someone call outside gas to assist shaping law the method, actually these are a kind of misunderstanding, Because the gas has not influenced the melting body flow in type of plastic . During routine inject shaping, protecting and press is while a of volume of keeping type does not change , Under the function that the pressure flows, add and enter more plastics. Unite, Being emerged by the runner position of the high pressure and making a defect probably.3. computers supplementary shaping Adopt computer assist project( cae) design and analyse and help and shorten design cycle and prevent cost from expensive mechanical fault processing. Commercial emulations daily to indicate size on flowing one code, melt material flows in flowing dishes of system and type with balance, The figure of offeredding and put bestly and runner defining runner at the same time . Calculate pressure of injecting and shut mould want at different processing terms and material fix by tonnage. And warping rate combine initial to flow into too very accurate to estimate out person who shrink. What is important is and want and make the design tool help and analyse personnel process and go on the operation judged while studying or in a certain plan of design skillfully. Understand at results and cant process in order that it is by research object /materials from prerequisite. After consider adopting this kind of method accurate data-in , can make enormous benefit . In addition, economic make design cycle not to be short and needs produce shorter time the analysis. The one that should point out is, commercial cae procedures usually cant be used directly. It fills and imitate and produce valuable experience but the result must rethink its limitation to estimate again . Use modern computers go on and inject shaping simulated test and limited to pure viscidity fluids only( include the melting plastic of viscoplasticity ). One actual flow form measurable melting body person who flow intoes and performance announce etc. structure by speed, If can carry on the viscoplasticity analysis of high accuracy . At present adopt any other to process way reach this advanced competences, And recent years, at emulation the industrial circle person who take the leads of equipment and the research groups of university already made good progress. Have several a of companies make great efforts and probe emulation technology, in order to be be able to be being explained moulding the sex instinct act and process the phenomenon of more reality correctly. For example, get together on the influence that the orientation of the possessive chain is distributed to some physics performance and performance . Processing physics is very complicated, but some viscoplasticity is embodied too alike to still totally understood , Perfect the rational processing way and taking shape slow at present even more. These stronger strong ways will be exceeded the production capacity that will be designed at present greatly .4. reversal inject shaping Comparatively speaking, it is that a relatively new inject shaping chooses parameters that the reversal is injected. The greatest difficult point of this technology is lain in when processing the condition suddenly changeses, To the thing that it will be known little about what kind of change behavior plastic melting body will demonstrate . About the rudimentary knowledge of melting body rheology, is not merely the regular shear . Say exactly , the melting body responds( the viscidity and elastic behavior) the characteristic needing expressing, Not only common stable state flow speed or shear speed and temperature, but also including pressure and flow the speed in the twinkling of an eye. These characteristics including a lot of content and very difficult to understand. However, if not in heterotypic materials inject respect make substantive progress, need and make and publish many kinds of different the concrete operational procedures of plasticses. Need and increase a in common use one tired to try on law is in order to getting ripe and accurate control method also another. During routine inject shaping, the type immobilizes in a of walls, some situations are left, Still utilize and filling on the mould and protect and press and fall section and move the mould wall . Can adopt 2 kinds of different methods : Person who move s of perpendicular on dividing into mould line direction wall; Rotate a of walls of the slipping type . Fill stage rotatory type cores with increasing mould. Through this kind of processing technology, the crooked performance and other mechanical performance of making one has gotten great improvement. Polyphenyl drink the water and polypropylene syringe adopt cup the processing method get great to change and break through the ground 2 a piece of products just by second.新型注射成型技术1. 共注射成型（芯层注射成型）采用共注射成型有助于观察到制件中独特的结构。塑料“甲”先注射充入部分型腔，然后塑料：“乙”紧跟着“甲”注射进入型腔并保持初始推动流动压力场。根据表皮区和芯层的尺寸大小，按正确的比例关系计量出“甲”和“乙”的用料量，可制得1个内芯层为“甲”外表完全由“乙”包裹的制件。另外，在化妆品应用方面，有小部分的表皮“甲”料放在“乙”料之后注射，以使浇口部分的表皮能完全闭合。用2种不同颜色的树脂进行共注射成型的制件，形成一个容易区分的表皮和芯层区间（认识到所有的注射成型件中存在有类似的表皮和芯层这一点非常重要。）如果没有先进的检测技术，通常难以区分表皮芯层的区域及其分界面。共注射成型并非一门新的工艺技术。英国ici公司早在70年代就开始应用这一技术，并取得了包括基础理论，生产产品及机器设备等几项专利。现普遍采用的ici生产工艺类似“三明治模塑”，由于模塑外层表皮的材料与中间或芯层的材料不同，因此两种材料必须有一定的相容性，并且芯层材料要求具有可高度辐射、发泡成型和100%回收利用等性能。选用材料应经多种选择比较而定。 共注射成型工艺问世15年后，才真正得以普及推广。一种采用共注射成型的厚齿输制作横截面。表皮材料是非填充尼龙，而芯层材料是玻璃-珠料-填充尼龙。芯层中玻璃珠粒料收缩率极低，具有良好的尺寸稳定性。尼龙表皮赋予齿轮齿牙良好的润滑性并避免了珠粒料容易产生的磨蚀问题。基于共注射成型的基础理论目前已开发出几种新型加工改进方法。例如，模内“上漆”和气体辅助模塑成型扩大了采用这种工艺的范围。模内上漆加工方法是采用低分子量聚合物作为外层材料，而气体辅助模塑成型是采用氮气或另一种气体作为芯层（或部分芯层）材料。随着产品设计与生产加工设备的不断完善改进，将满足各种新应用和新技术的需求，共注射技术必将成为富有潜力的工业化大规模生产工艺方法。2. 注射压缩成型注射压缩成型中型腔壁移动方向垂直于分模线。采用这种方法成型时，在充模阶段，按工序产生压力驱熔体流动，但这一个流道的深度是可变化的。在较深的流道中，压力下降得较低，以使大面积的制件成型中熔体没有过度受压，并避免了瞬间的材料响应，这2种因素同样会阻碍熔体的流动。注射成型过程中，型腔深度可能是最终制件厚度的14%，在塑料填充了大致60%75%的型腔后，停止注射，模腔壁周围同时受到推压，直至最终制件的壁原成型为止。制件的最终尺寸在这阶段确定。如果在模壁按工序移动之前充满了型腔，该种工艺通常称为铸压成型。大体上，铸压成型是在一个可变体积的型腔内采用不变的压力对制件进行保压。铸压阶段是增加密度的阶段，密度紧接着在介于熔体和固态塑料之间起变化。采用铸压方式成型致密圆盘，可把残留应力减至最低程度，制件上的残留应力可产生变折射现象。铸压成型的改进型活动式型腔壁是一种新技术