GrammarSummary

1、Grammar,The Attributive Clause,Revision1 the usage of the relative pronoun,who,whom,which,that,whose,as,the usage of the relative adverb,when,where,why,time,place,reason,adverbial,adverbial,adverbial,1.如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词 2.指物时只用that 或which 的情况 3.指人时只用who的情况 4.介词+关系代词 5.as 与which的区别 6.几种特殊情况 7.定语从句中的主谓一

2、致问题 8.定语从句与并列句区别,常见考点,重点,难点,考点一: 如何判断用关系代词还是关系副词?,I will never forget the day _I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now. The house _we visited is being repaired now. Tell me the reason _you came late. Do you know th

3、e reason_he explained to the boss.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,why,(which/that),1. 先行词为all, little, much, few, none, some, everything, nothing, something, anything等不定代词.,2.先行词被all, little, much, few, some, every, any,no, both, the only, the very, the last等修饰时。,3.先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或被序数词，形容词最高级修饰

4、时。,4. 先行词既包括人又包括物时。 5.若主句是以 who 或 which开头的特殊疑问句，为了避免重复, 关系代词不要再用 who, which，而用 that。,指物，用that不用which的情况,考点二:that 与which 的区别,只能用that的情况 1)Tell me everything that you know. 把你所知道的一切都告诉我吧。 2)This is the most beautiful city that I have visited. 这是我参观过的最美丽的城市。 3)This is the last lesson that we have this

5、term. 这是我们本学期上的最后一课。 4)We often talk about the persons and things that we remember. 我们常常谈起我们记得的那些人和事。 5)Who is the man that is standing there? 6)Which of the books that had pictures was not worth reading?,1. Finally，I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, _ must be very interest

6、ing. (15安徽),指物，用which不用that的情况:,2. Some experts think reading is the fundamental（基础的、根本的） skill upon _ school education depends. (15安徽),which,which,1,逗号后面 2,介词后面,考点三：指人， 用who不用that的情况,1) Ellen was a painter of birds and of nature, _, for some reason, had withdrawn(退出) from all human society. (2016广西

7、) 2)Anyone _breaks the law is punished. Those _ break the law are punished.,who,who,who,1.引导非限制性定语从句。 2.先行词是one,those, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时。,1.The man about I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man _ I talked about at the meeting is from Beijin

8、g. 2.若介词放关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom, 指物用which, 另外whose也可放在介词后，即“介词+whose+名词”结构。介词的选择遵循“一先二动三意义”的原则。 1）I still remember the day _which I first got to Paris. 2）I bought many books, _which I spent all my money that I saved. 3)I wish to thank Professor Smith, _whose help I would never have got this far. （2012天津

9、）,考点四：介词+关系代词,whom,(who/whom/that),on,on,without,（常见代词有some ,any, few, little, none, both, all, neither, many, most,each等） 1）I live in a house, the window of which faces south. 2) In our school there are about 300 teachers, 200 of whom are women. 3）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many

10、 of _left their village homes for a better life in the city. （2010浙江） 4）He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _were published in the 1990s. （2015重庆）,3.名词/数词/代词+of which/whom(表示整体与部分关系),whom,which,考点五：as与which引导的非限制性定语从句,1）位置 ：as句首，句中 which句中 2）指代：as指代整句话 which指代先行词或整句话 3）意义：as“正如” which“这，这一

11、点，这件事” 4）as多用于固定搭配中 as is often the case 这是常有的事 as the saying goes 常言道 as is mentioned above正如上面所提到的 as is known/expected/announced/reported/shown as we konw/expect/see The number of smokers,_ is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (2015江苏) I borrowed the book Sherlock Holmes from t

12、he library last week, _my classmates rcommended to me.(2014北京) It is the third time that she has won the race,_has surprised us all. (2012陕西),as,which,which,The way_he finished the task was difficult to understand. The way_ he explained to me was not difficult to understand. _ is known to all, China

13、 has launched Change One successfully. _is well known that China has launched Change One successfully. _ is known to all is that China has launched Change One successfully.,考点六：几种特殊情况,当先行词为way,意为“方法、方式”,且在定语从句中作状语时,要用that, in which 或不填任何关系词; 作主语、宾语时,可用关系代词which或that。,(that/in which),that/which,What,

14、As,It,考点七:定语从句中主谓一致问题,1)Solar cars use the suns energy for power, which mean/means they dont use petrol, gas or any other fuel. 2)They are talking about the problems which is associated with economy. (T or F) 3) He is one of the teachers who_(know) French in our school. He is the only one of the tea

15、chers who_(know) French in our school.,are,know,knows,总结：1.which和as引导的非限制性定语从句中,若as和which作主语且指代整句话时,则从句的谓语动词用单数形式. 2.定语从句中的动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致。 3.the only one of 后的定语从句谓语动词用单数。,考点八：定语从句与并列句区别 Our class has sixty students, most of _ study hard. Our class has sixty students, and most of _ study hard

16、. Our class has sixty students. most of _ study hard.,whom,them,them,区别的关键是看标点和连接词。,解题思路:,通读全句。首先判断是什么句型。 题干句如果是疑问句式，将其转化为陈述句式。 分析从句的句子结构，在定语从句中，缺什么，就补什么：缺主或宾语，用关系代词；缺状语，用关系副词 4. 注意标点符号和题干中是否存在并列连词and, but等。,习题巩固,1)The exact year_Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 2)Happiness an

17、d success often come to those _ are good at recognizing their own strengths. （13湖南） 3)Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _is quite unexpected. 4)The books on the desk, _ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 5)Opposite is St.Pauls Church,_ you can hear some lovely music. 6)Goals can help you experience everything_you want in life. 7)Scientists have advanced (提出) many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved. （2016浙江） 8)I dont know the reason _ you lied to your parents. 9)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for