unit 2 new words.ppt

1、acceptance: n. accept v. 1) approval, favorable reception 赞同 赞成 e.g. receive widespread acceptance 得到广泛承认/赞同 ) Still, general acceptance was slow in coming. ) The idea rapidly gained acceptance in political circles.,New Words,2) ability to tolerate 容忍 ) All people should practice acceptance and live

2、 together in peace. ) His mood was one of resigned acceptance. resign v. 1) give up ones job 辞职 2) be ready to accept 听任; 顺从 e.g. resign oneself to ones fate 听天由命 resigned rzand adj.顺从的, 听天由命的, 逆来顺受的 e.g. He was resigned to everything. 他对一切都逆来顺受.,anymore adv. no longer 不再 ) Nick doesnt live here any

3、more. ) We promised not to quarrel anymore.,argument n. A verbal fight ) He got into an argument with Jeff in the pub last night. ) The children had an argument about/over what game to play. (with sb) (about/over sth) e.g. get into/have an argument with the referee (about/over his decision) 与裁判员争辩,2

4、) A reason advanced (presented) 论点 a reasoning process 论据 e.g. You must introduce a lot of examples to support your argument. 你必须引用许多例证来证明你的观点. ) We need to provide a convincing argument as to why the system should be changed. ) Do you agree with the argument that violence on TV makes people behave

5、violently?,assistance n. help or support 帮助 援助 assist v. ) The company provides advice and assistance in finding work. ) She drew up a report with the assistance of her friends. draw up: write out 草拟或写出 assistant n person who helps 助手; 助理,assume v. 1) believe sth is true without definite proof 假设 假定

6、 臆想 =To take for granted; suppose 想当然 以为 = presume przjum 假想 假定 e.g. They naively assume things can only get better. 他们天真地以为情况只会变好. ) If he is not here in five minutes, well assume that he isnt coming. ) We cant assume the suspect to be guilty simply because they have decided to remain silent.,2) pr

7、etend 装作; 装出; 假装 e.g. assume ignorance, 假装不知情 assume a look of innocence 装出一副清白无辜的样子 assume indifference, 装作不在乎 3) undertake; take on 开始从事;担任; e.g. assume an obligation 承担义务 他下月承担新任务. He assumes his new responsibilities next month.,assumption smpn n. 假定 假设 设想 e.g. Your assumption is wrong. 你的假定是错的。

8、2) 假装 装出 e.g. Their assumption of an air of confidence fooled nobody. 他们装出信心十足的样子却欺骗不了任何人. 3) 承担 担任 e.g. His assumption of power was welcomed by everyone. 他掌权为大家所欢迎。,chart n. a sheet of information in the form of a table, graph or diagram 图表,conflict n. 1) A state of disagreement or argument between

9、 people countries, etc. 冲突 矛盾 e.g. a long conflict between employers and workers 劳资双方旷日持久的争执. ) She found herself in conflict with her parents over her future career. ) There is a conflict between what you are saying and what the contracts says.,2) Fighting or a war 战斗 战争 e.g. a bloody conflict 血战 )

10、 For years, the region has been torn apart by armed conflict. ) Can this peace settlement bring an end to years of conflict?,conflict v.不一致; 冲突 A and B conflict : A和B相冲突 不一致 e.g. The statements of the two witnesses conflict. 两个证人的证词不一致 A conflicts with B: A和B相冲突 不一致 e.g. Their account of events conf

11、licts with ours. 他们对事件的说法 与我们的说法截然不同.,connotation n. 含义 内涵 言外之意 connote knt v. imply in meaning 蕴含 含蓄 暗指 e.g. The word “family” connotes love and comfort. ) The colored red has a connotation of warmth and passion. ) For most people “motherhood” has a very positive connotation. negative connotation 负

12、面/消极的含义,convey 1) communicate information or a message 表达 传递 e.g. ) Ads convey the message that “thin” is beautiful. ) All the information can be conveyed in a simple chart. ) I tried to convey in my speech how grateful we all were for his help.,2) Transport or carry conveyor belt 传送带 ) Your luggage

13、 will be conveyed to the hotel by taxi. ) The guard was charged with conveying drugs to a prisoner. charge sb with sth=accuse sb of sth 控告 指控,emotional adj. Connected with your feelings 感情上的 情绪上的 ) She is in need of emotional support. ) Mothers are often the ones who provide emotional support for th

14、e family.,emphasis n. special importnce on sth 重点 emphasize v. =stress 强调 (put) emphasis on/upon sth ) Some schools put great emphasis on language study. ) It is a welcome emphasis upon collective leadership.,exaggerate v. say sth is better, worse or more important than it really is 夸大 夸张 e.g. exagg

15、erate the difficulties 夸大困难 ) The extent of the damage was greatly exaggerated by the press. exaggeration / gzdren/ n 夸张; 夸大; 言过其实. e.g. a story full of exaggerations 通篇夸夸其谈的故事,factual adj. true, based on facts 事实的 真实 ) A reporter checked out the story and found it to be factual. ) His supposedly fa

16、ctual account was too biased. suppose=assume (believe sth to be true without proof )假定 supposedly /spzdli/ adv. 想象上, 臆测 e.g. He was supposedly an American. 人们猜想他是个美国人。,) His supposedly factual account was too biased. account kant n. report; description 报告; 叙述 e.g. Please give me an account of your t

17、rip. 请你告诉我你旅行的情况。,) His supposedly factual account was too biased. bias bas=prejudice 偏见 n. 概括; 推想（没什麽根据）: (about sth) e.g. Since I do not know the details, I can only generalize about the matter. 由于不了解详情, 我对此事只能泛泛而谈.,) draw (a general conclusion) from particular examples or evidence （从某些事例或证据中）归纳,

18、概括出（ 结论） e.g. generalize a conclusion from the facts 从一些事实中归纳出一项结论.,generalization n. 1) a general statement or opinion 笼统的说法 ) The report is full of errors and extreme generalization. ) Politicians are famous for making speeches full of generalizations.,2) The act or an instance of generalization 归

19、纳 概括 得出结论 ) Sometimes the phenomena are so complicated that no generalization is possible. ) The research has so far not produced enough evidence to allow for any generalization.,ignore v. take no notice of, refuse to pay attention to 不顾 不理 忽视 e.g. I said hello to her, but she ignored me completely!

20、 我向她打招呼, 可她根本不理我! 他一直不把我放在眼里. He has been ignoring me. ) My advice was completely ignored. ) She deliberately ignored my question and change the subject.,ignorant adj. knowing little or nothing;无知的 lacking education or information愚昧的 be ignorant of e.g. He was ignorant of the hidden dangers. 他不知道潜伏的

21、危险 ignorance / gnrns/ n. 无知: ignorance (of sth) e.g. We are in complete ignorance of your plans. 我们对你的计划一无所知.,ironically adv. in an ironic manner used when talking about a situation that seems strange, unexpected, and often amusing 有讽刺意味的是 出乎意料的是 ) Ironically, his cold got better on the last day of

22、his holiday. ) Ironically, I gained even more weight when I stopped eating chocolate.,adj. ironic / arnk/ (also ironical / arnkl/) 反语的; 讽刺的: e.g. His words are always ironic or sarcastic. 他的话从来都是讥讽或挖苦人的. n. irony/arni/ 1) 反语; 反话 e.g. Thats really lovely, that is! he said with heavy irony. 那真是可爱极了, 真

23、的!他故意说反话. 2) 有讽刺意味的情况 e.g. He inherited a fortune but died a month later; the irony of fate. 他继承一笔遗产後一个月就死了, 真是命运的嘲弄.,literal adj. basic, usual 字面意思的 原意的 e.g. a literal translation =a word-for-word translation 直译（逐字翻译）. ) A trade war is not a war in the literal sense. ) The literal meaning of “blue”

24、 is a color but it can also mean “unhappy”.,literally adv. According to the most basic or original meaning of words 字面意思地 ) Youll lose marks if you translate too literally. ) I took what he said literally, but afterwards it became clear that he really meant something else. e.g. When he said he never

25、 wanted to see you again Im sure he didnt mean it literally. 他说他再也不想见你了, 我肯定他言不由衷.,metaphor n. a way of describing sth by referring to it as sth different and suggesting that it has similar qualities to that thing 隐喻 e.g. She has a heart of stone. ) That is not a metaphor; it is the plain truth. ) S

26、he was a caged bird, to use her own metaphor, that had to break free.,misinterpret v. understand or explain wrongly 误解 错误地解释 interpret ntrprt v. explain, understand 解释/说明 理解 e.g. interpret life 阐述人生的意义 我们把他的沉默理解为一种拒绝。 We interpreted his silence as a refusal. interpretation / ntprten/ n,misinterpret

27、v. mis-：(negative prefix) no, not ) His essay on the passage misinterprets the authors meaning. ) The driver misinterpreted the policemans signal and turned in the wrong direction.,mislead v. lead one to the wrong idea 误导 给错误的印象 使误解 pt, pp misled / -led/ mislead sb into doing sth 骗某人做某事 e.g. He misl

28、ed me into thinking he was rich. 他使我误以为他很有钱. ) Dont let his friendly manner mislead you into trusting him. ) The books title misled me into thinking that it was a love story, but it was about cars.,mistakenly adv. as a result of wrong judgment, wrongly 错误地 mistake n. sth wrong错误 过失 v. get wrong idea

29、 误认为 误解 e.g. People always mistake her for her twin sister. 人们总是把她误认为她的孪生姐妹. 你一定误会了我的意思. You must have mistaken my words.,mistaken mstekn adj.wrong 犯错的 错误的 e.g. mistaken ideas, views 错误的想法 见解 mistakenly adv. ) Mary mistakenly she would get the job. ) I mistakenly said “Hello” to her; then I realized

30、 she was a stranger.,Detailed reading1-Quesion,Phrase n. a group of words 短语 用语 ) Darvin gave the world the phrase “survival of the fittest”. ) Thats exactly the phrase they were looking for,quit v. quit, quitting Leave a job, school etc, especially because your are annoyed or unhappy 离开 辞去 ) People

31、 are now calling on the chairman to quit. call on=require ) He quit his job after an argument with his colleague.,2) stop doing sth bad or annoying 停止 放弃 quit sth/doing sth ) I wish youd all quit complaining. ) He has not quit smoking, but is holding down to three cigarettes a day. hold down: keep s

32、th at a low level 压制 控制 保持低水平,react respond 反应 做出反应 react to sb/sth 对.作出反应 ) People reacted to the speech in different ways. react with sth 做出的反应 ) When he heard the news, he reacted with a smile. ) When children perform poorly at school, parents always reacts with anger.,2) (cause to) undergo a rea

33、ction 起化学反应 react with sth ) The calcium reacts with sulfur in the atmosphere. calcium klsm 钙 sulfur /slf/ 硫磺 ) Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈,rethink v. think about sth again 再思考 重新考虑 ) We should rethink our plans to build a house. ) I dont think we should go ahead w

34、ith this idea-its far better to wait and rethink.,romantic adj. Showing strong feelings of love 浪漫的 多情的 罗曼蒂克的 ) -Tom always sends me red roses on my birthday -How romantic! ) Jeanne is a romantic and mysterious woman with blue eyes.,2) Relating to feelings of love or a loving relationship 关于爱情的 ) Ba

35、rbara is a writer of romantic fiction. ) Why dont you send him a little romantic card and see how he reacts.,3) unpractical, fantastic 不切实际的 空想的 e.g. a romantic scheme/plan 不现实的计划 ) Dont get carried away with romantic ideas. get/be carried away: 使sb失去自制力或非常兴奋 e.g. He tends to get carried away when w

36、atching wrestling on TV. 他一看电视中的摔跤就很兴奋. ) She has a romantic notion about becoming a famous actress.,Superlative n. 最高级 Super-: above, over, to an extreme degree 在之上，最 e.g. superman superfine 极好的 comparative kmprtv n. 比较级,translator n. 翻译者 translate v. restate (words) from one language into another

37、language 翻译 ) He made a good living as a translator of German. ) Speaking through a translator, Li told of his early life. tell of=describe,Unclear adj. not clear ) Unclear writing is difficult to understand. ) Im rather unclear about what Im supposed to be doing here. be supposed to do sth: be expe

38、cted or required to do sth 被期望或被要求（按规则 惯例等）做某事e.g. They are supposed to be here an hour ago. 他们应该在一小时以前到达这里.,unloving adj. not loving, not showing enough love to the people they ought to love 没有爱的 无爱心的 ) The woman was murdered by an unloving husband. ) She may be seen as an unloving parent, but she

39、is simply exhausted.,unsupportive adj. not giving support support n. 仅仅 e.g. Hes but a boy.,I began to view college as a wonderful experiment. 我开始把上大学看作一次美妙的实验。 viewas: regardas 把看作 I dressed a little differently. I discovered a taste for jazz, and I decided I liked going barefoot. taste:1) sensatio

40、n 味道 e.g. a sweet taste 2) a taste for: a strong liking 欣赏 喜欢 e.g. She has a taste for foreign travel. 她有到国外旅行的爱好. * Modern art is not (to) everyones taste 现代艺术不见得合所有人的口味,I gave up trying to act my way through college and began not acting at all. 在以后的大学生活里， 我再不试图摆什么姿态， 而是顺其自然。 act ones way: perform

41、摆姿态 装模作样 e.g. Its not a drama school. So you dont need to act your way. act. n. 行为; 装腔作 e.g. Some professors are always putting on an act, either speaking like a book or being playful with words. 有些教授总是装腔作势， 不是咬文嚼字，就是舞文弄墨。,College, I decided, was probably the only time I would be completely forgiven

42、 any mistakes (including stepping in puddles of ketchup and dropping food trays).,completely: totally 完全 is the only time + 从句 (唯一)做的时间/阶段,童年是我们一生中唯一没有烦恼的一段时期。,Childhood is _ .,The first term of Presidency was the only time he would rather never forget.,第一任总统任期是他永远也不想忘记的唯一的一段时期。,we have no worries i

43、n our lives,the only time,大学，在我看来， 也许是唯一一个有错误可以完全得到谅解的阶段 （包括踩到番茄酱，摔了托盘）。,College, I decided, was probably the only time I would be completely forgiven any mistakes (including stepping in puddles of ketchup and dropping food trays).,So I used the opportunity to make all the ones I thought Id ever mak

44、e. ones：mistakes 于是我利用这个机会来体验自己有可能会犯的所有的错误。,How should a person take his/her college life according to the writer? Do you agree? A person, according to the writer, should take his/her college life for an experiment. He/ she should not be afraid of making mistakes because it is only through error tha

45、t one can find his/her real self and finding his/her real self is the final purpose of college education. College allows one to make massive mistakes.,(Para. 911) It didnt matter if _ What was the key lesson Evelyn Herald learned during her first few weeks in college? She realized that she only need

46、ed to live up to her own expectations and she could do her own thing at college. Since people grow by error, one should relax and be oneself.,one made mistakes in college.,Detailed reading10-14-Quesion,key lessons the writer has learned : She realized she didnt have to pay too much attention to what

47、 other people were thinking about her. The fresh campus life was her big chance to do her own things. She might well relax herself and stop worrying about making mistakes because people all grow by error.,Para. 12 Making mistakes is forgivable even after graduation. Three years after graduation, Im

48、still making mistakes. And Im even being forgiven for a few. 大学毕业已经三年了，我仍然时有过失，其中的一些过失我还得到了原谅。,. Introduction (Para.1) How I felt the first day on campus. 1) I was wondering_ 2) I was standing _. 3) It seemed that everyone on campus _. 4) I hoped no one would notice _.,what I was doing on a college

49、campus,pitifully,was watching me,I was a freshman,. Mistakes I made on my first class day and my reaction (Para.27) A) The first mistake I made: (Para. 24) B) The second mistake I made: I _ in a puddle of ketchup, _the food tray and _ to the ground (Para. 56) C) My reaction: I avoided _ for 3 days,

50、feeling ashamed. (Para. 7),going to/dining in the cafeteria,stepped,dropped,fell,I went to a wrong classroom,. (Para.8) The mistake made by another college student: _. His reaction to it: _ _.,He also dropped the food tray and fell to the floor,He didnt take it seriously,and went on with his meals.,

51、. My reflections on making mistakes (Para.912) A) It didnt matter if _(Para9-11) B) Making mistakes is forgivable even after graduation. (Para. 12),one made mistakes in college.,2. Understanding Specific Information 1) Is it true that everyone on campus was watching the narrator? Why did she get tha

52、t feeling? No, that was just the way the narrator felt. Because she was shy, self-sensitive and lack of self-confidence as a freshman.,2) What was the possible reason why the narrator chose a seat to the side? She wanted to be out of the professors direct line of vision. 3) What might be the narrato

53、rs major? literature,4) What can be said of biology majors according to this sentence? Most biology students are serious. 5) A) What does “it” refer to? “it” refer to “my entire life”. B) What did the narrator think of her first day of college classes? It was a miserable day.,6) they were determined

54、 that I would never forget it. What does “it” refer to? “it” refers to the miserable and embarrassing moment. 7) Why didnt she dine in the cafeteria? Because she was afraid that other students might recognize her and make fun of her.,8) What does “the same fate” refer to? Dropping the food tray and

55、falling to the floor. 9) Why didnt he slip put of the cafeteria? Because he took it lightly/as nothing serious.,10) In college, it doesnt matter. What does “it” refer to here? Something you have done in college, even a mistake you have made. Whether you drop a tray, where you sit, or whether you sho

56、w up in the wrong classroom.,11) So I used all the opportunity to make all the ones I thought Id ever make. What does “ones” refer to? Mistakes 12) Three years after graduation Im still making mistakes. And Im even being forgiven for a few. What can you infer from this sentence? Making mistakes is n

57、ot so serious as one might think.,Summary: In the story Fresh Start, the writer recounts her embarrassing moments during her first days of college She focuses on two incidents: -sitting in the wrong class -falling down in the cafeteria and witnessing another student having the same experience.,Theme主题,The growth of the author, who is able to draw lessons from the mistakes she has made and finally succeeds in adjusting herself to the college life. She realized that when in college, one should A. take less seriously what others think of him or her. B. find ones true