2016年自考《英美文学选读》（英）新古典主义时期：Chapter II The Neoclassical Period

1、2016年自考英美文学选读（英）新古典主义时期：Chapter II The Neoclassical Period2016年自考英美文学选读（英）新古典主义时期：Chapter II The Neoclassical Period 教育城自考频道笔记串讲正文 2016年自考英美文学选读（英）新古典主义时期：ChapterIITheNeoclassicalPeriod http:/.12 2016-2-18 10:22:24 The Enlightenment Movement The 18th-century England is knon as the Age of Enlig

2、htenment or the Age of Reason. The Enlightenment Movement as a progressive intellectual movement hich flourished in France sept through the hole Western Europe at the time. The movement as a furtherance of the Renaissance of the 15th 16th centuries. Its purpose as to enlighten the hole orld ith the

3、light of modem philosophical artistic ideas. The enlighteners celebrated reason or rationality， equality science. They called for a reference to order， reason rules advocated universal education. Famous among the great enlighteners in England ere those great riters like John Dryden， Alexander pope s

4、o on. 2) Neoclassicism In the field of literature， the Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical orks. This tendency is knon as neoclassicism. According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature ere to be modeled after the classical orks of the ancient Gree

5、k Roman riters those of the contemporary French ones. They believed that the artistic ideals should be order， logic， restrained emotion accuracy， that literature should be judged in terms of its service to humanity. This belief led them to seek proportion， unity， harmony grace in literary expression

6、s， in an effort to delight， instruct correct human beings， primarily as social animals. Thus， a polite， urbane， itty， intellectual art developed. 3) The heroic couplet It means a pair of lines of a type once mon in English poetry， hich rhyme are ritten ith five beats each 4) the Realistic Novel The

7、mid-century as， hoever， predominated by a nely rising literary form， the modern English novel， hich， contrary to the traditional romance of aristocrats， gives a realistic presentation of life of the mon English people. This-the most significant phenomenon in the history of the development of English

8、 literature in the eighteenth century - is a natural product of the Industrial Revolution a symbol of the groing importance strength of the English of the groing importance strength of the English middle class， Among the pioneers ere Daniel Defoe ，Samuel Richardson， Henry Fielding， Laurence Sterne，

9、Tobias Creorge Smollott， Oliver Goldsmith. 2. 领会Characteristics of Neoclassical Literature According to the neoclassicists， all forms of literature ere to be modeled after the classical orks of the ancient Greek Roman riters those of the contemporary French ones. Neoclassicists had some fixed las ru

10、les for almost every genre of literature， prose should be precise， direct， smooth flexible. Poetry should be lyrical， epical， didactic， satiric or dramatic， each class should be guided by its on principles. Drama should be ritten in the Heroic Couplets ; the three unities of time， space action should be strictly observed; regularity in construction should be adhered to type characters rather than individuals should be represented. 二。该时期的重要作家 1，一般识记：重要作家的创