Unit 7 Food Festival Topic 2 Im not sure whether I can cook it well Section A--that及if whether和疑问词引导的宾语从句.ppt

1、Unit 7 Food Festival Topic 2 Im not sure whether I can cook it well Section A-that及if whether和疑问词引导的宾语从句,普通简单句,主语+谓语+宾语 I bought a very good book yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 时间状语 我们知道：名词，代词，动词-ing形式或者to do形式都可以做宾语。例如：buy a book， like him， stop doing sth， want to do sth. 等。 这些例子中的宾语都是用一个单词或者短语来表达的。,但是，如果你想要表

2、达“我知道你昨天看电影了”时，我们就无法在know后用一个简单的单词表达“你昨天看电影了”这个结构中的本身完整的一个句子，此时我们就只能用句子表达。 那这种发在动词后面做宾语的句子，即“宾语从句”。,宾语从句,一、概念：句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当，当一 个句子充当宾语时,我们把这个句子叫做宾语从句。 宾语从句的三要点： 1、引导词 2、从句语序 3、从句的时态,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,宾语从句可分为三类 从属连词that引导的宾语从句 that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句 2.从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句 而if和whether引导表示“是否”的宾语从句.,

3、3. 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句 在疑问词引导的宾语从句中，一定要用陈述语序。,引导词：取决于从句的语气,1.从句是陈述语气时，引导词用that. 2.从句是一般疑问语气时，引导词用if或 whether. 3.从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特殊疑问词。 e.g: Im afraid that you are right. I want to know if it will rain tomorrow. I didnt hear what he wanted me to do . Do yo

4、u know whose bag I am carrying? He asked me if I taught English.,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略,e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour . 一小时后他会回来。 He said (that) he missed us very much. 他非常想念我们。 The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun. 地球围着太阳转。,由从属连词whe

5、ther, if 引导的宾语从句,e.g. 1. I want to know if(whether) he will go to the park with us. （他是否跟我们一起去公园） 2. Ask him whether(if) he can come. （他是否能来） 3. I dont know whether it is going to rain or not.（是否要下雨） 1）当句末为or not时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 2）在不定式前，引导词只能用whether而不能用if. 例如： I havent made up my mind whether

6、 to go there or not.,一般疑问句变成if/whether引导的宾语从句。,1.He said,“Can you swim,John?”,He asked John if he could swim.,2.The teacher said,“Have you all understood me?”,The teacher asked if we had all understood him.,If/whether的用法主要区别点: whether可与or (not)连用 I dont know whether he will come or not. I dont know

7、if/whether he will come.,由连接代词who, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句,1. He asked who could answer the question . (谁能回答这个问题） 2. Do you know whom they are waiting for .（他们在等谁） 3. He asked whose handwriting was the best in the class . （谁的书法是班上最好的） 4. Please tell me when we will

8、 have a meeting . （我们什么时候开会） 5. Can you tell me where he is . （他在哪儿） 6. Could you tell me how I can get to the station . （我该怎么去车站） 7. Would you tell me why the train is late .（为什么火车迟到了）,二、从句语序：一律用陈述语序 主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他,He asked me when I arrived in Shanghai. I want to know where they will go. Could

9、you tell me what you are reading? I dont know where he lives.,请注意看红色字体的语序,e.g: Could you tell me how I can get to the Science Museum ? He asked him where he came from . Did you know whats the name of the handsome boy in the classroom yesterday？ Please tell me where I can buy the beautiful flower .,三

10、.主从句的时态呼应,1.主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。 2.主句是一般过去时, 从句用过去范畴的时态。 3.主句是一般过去时，但从句表达的是客观真 理或自然现象时，仍然用一般现在时。 e.g: He says that he is reading a book now. He said that he would work hard. They said they had been to France. The students asked me if the earth goes round the sun.,具体的时态的变化,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以

11、根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。 e.g： I hear ( that ) Tom has been to Guilin twice . I hear ( that ) she will come tomorrow.I hear ( that ) Jim went to work an hour ago .I hear ( that ) he is interested in English .,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。e.g ：He said ( that ) he would go to Xian.He said ( that ) he was ill yesterday.He said ( that ) he was reading a book. He said ( that ) he had had supper already. 3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。 e.g：He said that the sun