M4U2情态动词公开课.ppt

1、Grammar Modal verbs,Welcome!,Unit 2 Sports events,Modal verbs,Grammar and usage,Unit,2 Sports events - Grammar,Teaching aims (2). can表示客观可能性, 常指现在, 较常用, 过去式为 “could”; 如果只表示能力时, can=be able to (3). could仅表示过去具备某种能力, 而 was/were able to表示不仅具备而且 实施了某种能力;更侧重于“克服一定困难, 经过一定努力做成某事” = managed to do sth. = su

2、cceeded in doing sth.,E.g: * He was able to swim across the river before the ship sank.,【Practice】 *He managed to get the radio repaired without any help. =He _/_ the radio repaired without any help.,was able to get,succeeded in getting,*据说我们下周要进行期中考试, 这消息是真的吗？,Its said that we will have the mid-ter

3、m exam next week.,现在: could/cant be 过去: cant/couldnt have done,because I met him in his office just now.,*他不可能去了国外，因为我刚刚在他的 办公室遇见他。,Can the news be true?,He cant have gone abroad,can和could还可用于表示对事情可能性的 推测(常用于否, 疑句中),E.g: -Could I use your pen? (语气委婉) -Yes, you can. No, you cant /mustnt.,过去式could常用于疑

4、问句中, 比can更加委婉, 表示礼貌。肯定回答时, 常用原形can或者may, 不可再用过去式could。,*吸烟往往会导致癌症。,Smoking can cause cancer.,*It can be very cold here in winter.,这的冬天有时会很冷。,在肯定句中, can还可表示“有时会,往往会”,2. shall用法 shall常用于第一,三人称疑问句中,表示征求对方意见,用于二、三人称陈述句中表示意图、决心、命令、警告、允诺、强制等,在法律法规等文件中表示义务或规定,可译为“必须,应该,可以”等。 Shall he clean the blackboard f

5、or you? Take it easy. You _be offered a job in this company. Mike _spare no effort to study. (1) “The interest _be divided into five parts according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall,shall,shall,D,表“法律法规等文件中表示义务或规定”,(2) -Excuse me, but I want

6、 to use your computer to type a report. -You_ have my computer if you dont take care of it. A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt (3) The boss said to the secretary, “ If you work well, you _ have a rise.” A. must B. ought C. shall D. would,A,C,表“警告”,表“允诺”,3. 情态动词must和have to的用法: “must”与“have

7、to” 都表示“必须,不得不”,must: 指说话人认为“主观”上有必要 have to: 指根据约定, 事情的因素有必要 做某事-“客观”,Ex:,*The train leaves at 7 oclock. I _ (must / have to) go now.,*I dont like my watch. I _ (must / have to) buy a new one.,have to,must,E.g: -你现在就得回家吗？ -是的, 我现在就得回家。 不, 我现在不需要回家。 -Must you go home now? (必须),在疑问句中“must”表示“必须”的回答形式

8、 肯定 “Yes, sb. must.”; 否定 “No, sb. neednt.” 或“No, sb. dont (doesnt) have to.” *dont have to = neednt 没必要,-Yes, I must./ No, I neednt. =I dont have to.,表示对现在的肯定推测 must do (状态动词, 如: live/have/know), must be (doing) 表示对过去的肯定推测 must have done,must只能用于表示肯定的推测, 指“一定, 肯定”;,Practice *你现在一定困了。,He must have wa

9、tched the football match last night.,You must be sleepy now.,*你现在一定困了, 不是吗?,*他昨晚一定看足球比赛了。,You must be sleepy now, arent you?,*He must have watched film last night, _?,*He must have watched film, _?,A. hasnt he B. mustnt he C. didnt he D. hadnt he,C,A,mustnt 表示“不准、禁止”,*你们不准在学校吸烟。,You mustnt smoke at

10、school.,must有时表示“偏要”,含“责备,抱怨”之意,(1)我已经跟你讲过很多遍了, 为什么你偏要 在课堂上讲话呢？ (2)现在已是午夜了, 你偏要这个时候弹 钢琴吗？,I have told you many times. _ ?,It is midnight. _?,Must you play the piano now,Why must you talk in class,4. may / might, (1)表示 “许可”时: might, 比较委婉, 一般多用于疑问句; 在以could, might表示征询对方意见或表示 请求时, 回答应相应使用can, may; 表示允许

11、(肯定句)和请求(疑问句)若回答 表示 “不可以/不准” 时, 一般用mustnt. E.g: -May/Might I use your dictionary? -Yes, _./ No, you _.,may/can,mustnt,(2)表猜测时, “may, might”能用于陈述句中, 有“或许, 大概, 可能”之意; 现在 “may/might + 状态动词” 过去 “may/might have done” may的可能性较大, might的可能性最小;,(3)may可以表示 “祝愿”, might不能这样用 E.g: *希望上帝保佑你!,May God bless you!,*R

12、ose may be busy now. *Rose might have returned home, but Im not sure.,*但愿你快乐!,May you be happy!,Practice:,1、 - Might I watch TV after supper? -Yes, you _. A. may B. must C. might D. could 2、 - Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You _it in the wrong place. A. must put B. sho

13、uld have put C. might put D. might have put,A,D,must have done 过去一定做过某事 cant have done 过去不可能做过某事 should ( ought to ) have done 过去本该做某事却没做 shouldnt ( ought not to ) have done 过去本不该做某事却做了,5. 情态动词+have done表示对已经发生事情推测、 责怪、后悔、遗憾等。,neednt have don 过去没有必要做某事而实际上却做了 could have done 过去本可以做某事却没做 may / might

14、have done 过去可能已经做了某事,5. 情态动词+have done表示对已经发生事情推测、 责怪、后悔、遗憾等。,1. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I_ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken 2. -Ill tell Mary about her new job tomorrow. -You _her last w

15、eek. A. ought to tell B. would have told C. must tell D. should have told,C,D,Practice,3. She _ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. cant B. wouldnt C. shouldnt D. neednt 4. - I cant find my purse anywhere. - You _ have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would 5. - I stay

16、ed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you? You _with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed,A,A,A,Group Competition,What sort of house do you want to have? Something big? -Well, it _ be bigthats not important. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. wont 2. 改错 Mr.

17、Li mustnt have gone to Shanghai because I saw him a few minutes ago.,B,Back,cant,must表推测只用于肯定句, 否定句中表推测 用cant; mustnt 指 “禁止、不准”,1. He said that the bike _ stolen and that he_ have to telephone the police. A. was, would B. has, will C. has been, will D. had been, would not 2.Mr. Bush is on time for e

18、verything. How _ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ? A. can B. should C. may D. must,D,Back,A,1. 1. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected. A. can B. will C. may D. shall 2 .You cant imagine that a well behaved gentleman _

19、 be so rude to a lady. A. might B. need C. should D. would,D,C,Back,1. Tom, finish your homework first, or you _ watch TV! A. shant B. couldnt C. neednt D. may not 2. -She looks very happy. She _ (must / might) have passed the exam. -I guess so. Its not difficult after all.,A,Back,must,1. -Could I b

20、orrow your dictionary? -Yes, of course you _. A. might B. will C. can D. should 2. Hearing the steps of the police, the thief _ move at all. A. dares not B. dared not to C. didnt dare to D. not dare,C,C,Back,1. -Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. -You _it in the wrong place.

21、 A. must put B. should have put C. might put D. might have put 2. -Is John coming by train? -He should, but he _not. He likes driving his car. A. must B. can C. need D. may,D,D,Back,表对过去可能性的推测。,1. Mike, look at the time. _you play the piano at such a late hour? A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need 2. She i

22、s already two hours late. What _to her? A. may have happened B. can have happened C. should have happened D. must happen,A,Back,B,1. If it were not for the fact that she _sing, I would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not,C,2.It is recommended that passengers _ keep their cell phones on when the plane is landing. not B. need not C. could not D.