高等学校英语应用能力B级讲解PPT精选文档

1、1,Practical English Test for Colleges (PRETCO)高等学校英语应用能力考试,2,高等学校英语应用能力B级考试大纲,考试对象 本大纲适用于修完基本要求B级所规定的全部内容的高等职业教育、普通高等专科教育、成人高等教育和本科办二级技术学院各非英语专业的学生。,3,考试性质,本考试的目的是考核考生的语言知识、语言技能和使用英语处理有关一般业务和涉外交际的基本能力，其性质是教学水平考试。,4,考试方式与内容,考试方式为笔试，包括五个部分：听力理解、语汇用法和语法结构、阅读理解、翻译（英译汉）和写作（或汉译英）。考试范围限于基本要求B级所规定的全部内容。,5,题

2、型结构,第一部分：听力理解（Listening Comprehensive） 第二部分：词汇用法和语法结构 （Vocabulary and Structure） 第三部分：阅读理解（Reading Comprehension） 第四部分：翻译-英译汉 （Translation-English to Chinese） 第五部分：写作/汉译英 （Writing/Translation-Chinese to English）,6,测试项目、内容、题型及时间分配表：,7,试卷分析各部分详析,一、听力理解(每题1分，共24分) 第一小节: （题型单项选择） 快速反应 第二、三小节：(题型单项选择） 理解

3、简单对话 第四小节 （题型填空） 短文理解,8,试卷分析各部分详析,二. 语法结构 第一小节: （题型单项选择） (每题1分，共10分) 语法规则与词汇应用 语法、同反义词、固定词组 第二小节：（题型填空） (每题1分, 共5分) 词性转换、语法应用,9,试卷分析各部分详析,三. 阅读理解 Task 1 (题型4项选1) 每题2分，共10分 理解应用文或一般性短文 Task 2(题型4项选1) 每题2分，共6分 快速阅读 Task 3(题型大纲填空) 每题1分，共5分 填写应用文关键信息 Task 4(题型匹配) 每题1分，共5分 英汉术语配对 Task 5(题型简短答问)每题1分，共5分 理

4、解应用文后写出问题答案,10,试卷分析各部分详析,四. 翻译 第一部分 (63-66题) (单项选择) 按三等评分：2分、1分、0分 实用语句英译汉 第二部分（67题）（翻译） 句子翻译: 段落翻译: 7分 应用文段落英译汉,11,试卷分析各部分详析,五. 写作 写应用文 共15分 (按总体印象给分) 分5级参照分: 14分, 11分, 8分, 5分, 2分 填写表格、便条、通知、简历、简单信 函等,12,第一篇 听力Listening comprehension,题型概述 高等学校英语应用能力考试（B级）第一部分为听力理解题。共有24题，占总分的24%，考试时间25分钟，听力材料的语速约为每

5、分钟100词。听力理解包括Section A, Section B，Section C和Section D四节。 Section A是问题（Question），Section B、C是会话（Dialogue），Section D是听写（Spot Dictation）。,13,测试重点,能听懂涉及日常交际的结构简单、发音清楚、语速较慢（每分钟110词左右）的英语简短对话和陈述，理解基本正确。 听力材料以日常交际和简单的业务交际内容为主，即下列的交际范围表： 日常交际：1.课堂交流 2.日常交际：介绍、问候、感谢、致歉、道别、指路；天气、学习、爱好、饮食、健康等。 业务交际：1.一般涉外活动：1）

6、迎送 2）安排日程与活动 3）安排宿舍 4）宴请 5）陪同购物、游览、就诊等 2.一般涉外业务：1）面试 2）介绍公司/工厂：历史、现状,14,听力理解部分要求掌握的技能为： 1.理解所听材料的主旨和要点 2.理解具体信息 3.理解所听材料的背景、说话人之间的关系等 4.推断所听材料的含义,15,题型分类：,Section A 问题回答 Section B 短对话 Section C 长对话 Section D 听写填空,16,Section A (问题回答),这一部分共有7个问题，每一问题读两遍，要求考生在4个选项中选出正确的答案。问题所涉及的内容通常是日常生活中的话题，即衣、食、住、行、工

7、作、学习等，可分为校园、公共场所、家庭、时间、关系等方式。,17,常考的话题,1. 邀请和应答Invitations and responses 2. 祝贺和应答Good wishes, congratulations and responses 3. 表示同意和不同意Expressing agreement and disagreement 4. 道歉和应答Apologies and responses 5. 劝告和建议Advices and Suggestions 6. 打电话Making telephone calls 7. 求允和应答Asking for permission and

8、responses,18,8. 提供和应答Offers and responses 9. 问路和应答Asking the way and responses 10. 购物Shopping 11. 谈论天气Talking about the weather 12. 询问时间和日期和应答Asking the time or date and responses 13. 约会Making appointments 14. 禁止和警告Prohibition and Warning 15. 看病Seeing the doctor,19,问题回答,例1：Could you please send this

9、 letter for me?(2005年12月真题) A) With pleasure. B) Thats great. C) What a pity D) Please dont.,20,Section B(短对话),本部分共有7组对话，通常是一男一女各说一句，然后就对话内容提出一个问题，每个对话和问题各读两遍，对话的内容一般以日常交际为主，句子结构和内容都不太复杂。话题为日常交际，即介绍、介绍、感谢、致谢、问路、天气、学习、爱好、伙食、健康等。考生可根据所获取的相关信息，对对话中的某些细节做出判断、选择。 问题涉及的类型不多，主要包含以下几个方面：事实细节题、判断推理题、时间数字题、地点

10、场景题、身份关系题。,21,下面是对不同场景经常出现词语的总结：,1. 办公室用词 type a letter打印信件 interview面试 promotion晋升、升职 resignation辞呈 2. 银行用词 open an account开账户 cash a check兑换支票 withdraw money from取款 interest利息 balance余额 teller出纳,22,3. 学校用词 exam考试 library图书馆 dormitory宿舍 laboratory实验室 lecture讲座 required course必修课 optional course选修课

11、term paper学期论文 scholarship奖学金 diploma学位证书 4. 邮局用词 stamp邮票 parcel包裹 postage邮资 envelop信封 telegram电报 postcard明信片 airmail航空邮件；航空邮政 surface mail平信 registered mail挂号信 printed matter印刷品,23,5. 饭店用词 order点菜 menu菜单 bill账单 a table for two两人桌 main course主菜 bar酒吧 snack小吃 tip小费 6. 理发店用词 barber男士理发师 hairdresser女士理

12、发师 beard, mustache胡子shampoo香波 hair spray发胶 7. 医院、诊所用词 doctor医生 ward病房 emergency room急救室 operation手术 diagnose诊断 injection注射 prescribe开处方 pill药丸 dentist牙医 tablet 药片 take the temperature量体温,24,8. 机场用词 boarding card登机牌 flight航班 seat belt安全带 economic class经济舱 first-class cabin头等舱 take off飞机起飞 9. 电话用词 dia

13、l拨号 line is busy电话占线 make a local call打市话 operator接线员 hold the line别挂电话 speaking please请讲话 hold on别挂电话 make a long-distance call打长途电话,25,短对话,例2：M：Hi, Alice, how is everything with you? (2005年12月真题) W: As busy as usual. Q: What can we learn from the dialogue? A) The man will do everything. B) The man

14、 needs a rest. C) Alice offers to help. D) Alice is quite busy.,26,Section D(听写填空),本部分是一篇短文，共读三遍，有五个空格，需要考生根据所听的内容补充完整。录音播放三遍。注意题目要求不能填超过3个词。这部分除了考查考生听力能力外还测试考生多方面的语言技能，如单词拼写能力、语法的掌握情况等。听写部分没有提供任何选项，这给考生答题增加一定的难度。所填词或词组都在考试大纲词汇表中，大多以实词为主，即主要是动词、名词、形容词等的填写。,27,听写填空,例3. Good evening, ladies and gentle

15、man! First of all, let me thank you for inviting us to such a great Christmas party. We really enjoyed the delicious food and excellent wine. Also, the music was perfect, so if I were a better dancer, I would have enjoyed the twice as much. I enjoyed meeting and talking to you, and sharing the time

16、together. I hope well be able to keep this good relationship and make next year another great one together. Thank you again for the wonderful party. We have a great time.,28,应试策略,1. 听前稳定情绪，提前预测 2. 听中速记要点，抓住关键 3. 听后连贯记忆，前后联系,29,第二篇 词汇与语法结构 Vocabulary 制作公务名片时,则任职单位、姓名、头衔在上,字体较大.通信地址和电话号码位于名片下方,通常情况下前者

17、放在左下角,后者放在右下角上.,52,一般的名片格式如下:,53,Expressions,1)学校人员职务职称 School master; principal; president; chancellor; rector; dean; director; professor; associate professor; tutor; advisor; supervisor; lecturer; instructor; senior lecturer; assistant teacher; special-grade teacher 2)商业机构职务职称 Chairman of the boar

18、d; chief executive officer (CEO); general manager; manager; director; section chief,54,3)科研机构人员职务职称 Academician; director of the institute; research fellow; associate research fellow; assistant research fellow; practice research fellow; senior engineer; chief engineer; engineer; assistant engineer;

19、technician; senior agronomist; senior economist; senior accountant; technologist; designer; architect,55,56,3) 便条(Notes) 便条是简短的书面留言,使用范围较广,多用于亲朋好友及熟悉的同志之间.常见的有留言条和请假条. A. 留言条(Message Left) 留言条的特点在于内容简短,书写格式以及用词乃至称呼、语气上较正规信函来说要简单、随便得多.另外,省略现象也较为常见.一般来说,不必写年月.可直接用星期几、上午或下午、月日或点钟代之.如用于十分熟悉的人,仅称呼其名或姓,署上

20、自己的名或姓即可.署名可写在右下角,日期和时间可写在右上角或右下角(署名下面).,57,B. 请假条(Request for Leave) 2008.6,写请假条,关键是要写清请假的原因和起止时间,语言简明扼要,与请假无关的事不用写.如有证明请假原因的证据,如医生证明、电报等最好随条附上.写请假条时,开头写上称呼,即向谁请假,抬头一般可用Dear Mr. , Dear Miss或用某人的头衔加上姓氏开头,日期写在右上角.最后写上落款,即请假人,署名写在右下角,署名前加上your student, truly yours, or yours sincerely等.如有附条,可在左下角用Encl:

21、引出,写明随条附上的是什么证明.,58,To: Mr. Johnson From: Liubin Date: June 19th,2008 Subject: Leave of Absence Im having a bad cough these days, so I am going to see the doctor. Now I am asking for a sick leave on Friday since the most work of this week has been finished. After visiting the doctor I will call you.

22、 Im sorry for the inconvenience Ive brought to the company, I hope you can give your approval to my leave.,59,Expressions,1. Just a line to tell you that 2. I came to see you, but you are out. 3. Called round to see if you could come out tonight, but no one was in. 4. This is to say good-bye to you.

23、 5. Im very sorry to tell you that Im unable tobecause of 6. doctors certificate 7. I would like to know if I could ask for sick leave/ business leave. 8. I would be much obliged if you would agree to my request. 9. I should like to apply for two weeks leave of absence. 10. Im very sorry and hope my

24、 request will be given consideration.,60,4)海报(Posters),海报是一种带有宣传广告性质的报贴,有时还配以绘画,可以是手写的,也可以是印刷的.内容多是有关体育比赛、电影、讲座等的消息,经常张贴在人群聚集的地方.海报的格式为:内容作为标题写在正中,把出海报的单位名称写在右下角;海报要突出有关的具体内容、地点和时间.,61,Expressions,1. Admission is by ticket. 2. All students and staff members are cordially welcome. 3. Dont let slip su

25、ch a golden opportunity. 4. Come and cheer for both teams. 5. There will be a marvelous performance. Its the chance of a lifetime. You shouldnt miss it. 6. Admission by ticket, 5 yuan each, obtainable at the booking-office of the Auditorium.,62,7. An English Evening is to be held in the Auditorium o

26、n Friday, September 21, 2007 at 6:00 pm. 8. A Christmas party is to be held at 7:00 pm on December 24 in the university auditorium. Brilliant performances will be given at the party. 9. A university-wide English-speaking Contest will be held on Tuesday next week under the auspices of the Student Uni

27、on. 10. Your presence is cordially requested.,63,5)通知(Notices) 2007.12,通知是上级对下级、组织对成员部署工作、传达事情或召开会议时所使用的一种文体.一般用于告知开会、讲座、演出等的举行及延期等,要把内容、时间、地点和参加的对象交代清楚.通知的书写形式有两种:一种是书信式,适宜于通知小范围内的少数人;另一种是布告形式,适宜通知较大范围内的人.格式为标题上方居中,意在说明本通知的主旨,正文的右下角写明出通知的单位名称或人名,通知的日期写在正文的左下角.,64,Expressions,1. All Monitors are req

28、uired to meet in the meeting room of the Student Union on Friday, (June 16) at 3:30. 2. Passengers are requested to note that the new timetable comes into effect from June1, 2007. 3. May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make. 4. All teachers are expected to be present at the

29、meeting. 5. Under the auspices of the Student Union a lecture will be given onby,65,6. A report will be given on contemporary American literature by Professor Milford from America in the conference room of the Library on Thursday, May 24, 2007. 7. It has been decided that a meeting will be calledto

30、discuss problems concerning 8. We are pleased to inform you that our Sales Division will move to 9. We shall be in operation from July 1, 2007. 10. This is notification of termination of your contact with the company, effective September 1st.,66,6)感谢信(Thank-you Letters) 2008.12,感谢信是用来对馈赠礼物或曾经得到某人的关怀

31、、照顾表示感谢的信函,在西方国家用得比较普遍.感谢信在格式上没有很严格的要求,主要是要写得真挚,表达诚挚的感激之情,不能给人一种草率的印象. 由于感谢的对象、原因和内容不同,感谢信的内容也会有所区别.例如,对朋友赠送礼物表示感谢的信,一定要提到所赠的礼物以及自己对礼物的喜爱之情;又如因为曾在对方家里小住而写的感谢信,一定要提到在对方家里居住时候的感受.但是,无论如何,一封感谢信通常都包括感谢的原因、内容以及诚挚的感激之情. 感谢信的写作格式与普通信件的格式相同.如果是商务公函,则需信内地址和时间;如果是亲朋好友之间的信件,时间及信内地址皆可省略.,67,Expressions,1. Thank

32、 you very much for 2. Many thanks for your 3. Please accept my sincere appreciation for 4. Im truly grateful to you for 5. It was good (kind/thoughtful) of you 6. Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 7. I sincerely appreciate 8. Many thanks for

33、your generous cooperation. 9. Many thanks again for your warm hospitality. 10. Please accept my sincere thanks and best wishes.,68,7)祝贺信(Letters of Congratulation),祝贺信是向收件人表示祝贺的信函,常用于当朋友、同事或商务伙伴遇有生日婚庆、职务晋升、工作调动、产品上市、分店开张、乔迁新址等时,一般都要写信祝贺.祝贺信如同一般的简短书信,可长可短,格式上无特别的要求,但书写时应做到真诚、自然和亲切动人.内容上可根据具体情况发挥.,69,

34、Expressions,1. Congratulations on your birthday. 2. Congratulations on your wedding anniversary. 3. Congratulations and best wishes. 4. Congratulations on your sons graduation from university. 5. Please accept my heartiest congratulations. 6. Allow me to convey my congratulations on your promotion t

35、o Minister of Trade.,70,7. Please allow me to express my honest congratulations on your moving to a new house. 8. Many congratulations on the opening of 9. Heartiest congratulations on your marriage to 10. Allow me to convey my congratulations on the cooperation with,71,8)邀请信(Invitation Letters) 200

36、3.6,在社交活动中总免不了要写邀请信.邀请信分为两种:一种是正式的,即请帖;一种是非正式的,即普通的邀请信. 正式的请帖,如宴会请帖,一般是印刷好的,只需填写被邀请人的姓名.请帖要写得正规、庄重.邀请者与被邀请者均用第三人称,注明内容、地点及确切时间.邀请者如有配偶,需将夫妇姓名都写上,对被邀请者也是如此.如对被邀请者在服装上有所要求,需在请帖的右下方注明,如:Dress: Formal(要求穿礼服).如要求被邀请者答复是否接受邀请,则需在请帖左下方注明R.S.V.P.或RSVP(法语,请答复),72,随着现代社会生活中的礼仪趋于简单化,一般的邀请信用得越来越多.其格式与普通书信相同,措辞要

37、注意语气婉转,诚恳有礼,使被邀请者看后有亲切感. 收到邀请信后,不管接受与否,按习惯都应及时答复.回复也分为正式的和普通的两种.正式的格式如同正式的请帖,普通的可用便条形式.表示接受的答复,要向邀请者致谢,并表示被邀请的喜悦和荣幸感;如果谢绝邀请,则需简要说明原因,并表示歉意.,73,Dec25th,2003 Dear Jane, I would like to invite you to Beijing for this summer vocation. I”ll show you around the Great Wall, the Imperial Palace, the Summer

38、Palace and other places. Im looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. Please tell me if you come. Yours ever, Jane,74,Expressions,1. I should be much pleased if you would come to our party on Friday the 15th at 6:00 pm. 2. I am pleased to invite you to participate into be held fromtoi

39、n 3. I would be greatly honored if you could 4. It is my pleasure/ a great honor for me to invite you to 5. We would be greatly honored if you could come,75,6. I am writing to invite you to 7. I am particularly anxious to have you join us. 8. We sincerely hope that you will be able to accept our invitation. 9. We hope that you can come and look forward to seeing you. 10. We are looking forward with great pleasure to seeing you.,76,9)投诉信(Letter of Complaint),投诉信一般是针对质量低劣的产品或服务,写投诉信的目的是为了让对方同情你的遭遇或者碰到的问题,继而给出你所期望的解决方法.因此,写这类信件最