主语从句__上课课件.ppt

1、Who will win the match is still unknown. I want to know what he has told you. The fact is that we have lost the game. The news that we won the game is exciting.,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,名词性从句的作用相当于名词，因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。,同位语从句,Noun Clauses (名词性从句),Subject Clause (主语从句),Appositive Clause

2、（同位语从句）,Object Clause （宾语从句）,Predicative Clause （表语从句）,Find the subjects in the following sentences.,1. A tree has fallen across the road. 2. You are a student. 3. To find your way can be a problem. 4. Smoking is harmful to you. 5. What she said is not yet known. 6. That we shall be late is certain.

3、 7. Its certain that we shall be late.,主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句, 通常 放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替, 而本身放在句子末尾。 1. How the book will sell depends on its author. 2. That he is the best student in the class is obvious.,主语从句,1That he will come is certain. 2Whether it will please them is not easy to say. 3What seems easy

4、 to some people seems difficult to others. 4Which side will win is not clear. 5Why he did it remains a mystery. 6When they will start is not known yet. 7How he became a great scientist is known to us all. 8Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. 9Whoever breaks the law will be punish

5、ed. 10Where she is from is unknown.,Find the subject clauses in the following sentences, and translate them.,思考：主语从句有哪些引导词，这些引导词如何选用？,主语从句的引导词： 从属连词 that , whether 连接代词 who(ever), whom(ever), which(ever), what(ever) 连接副词 where ,when ,why ,how,1）从属连词：that， whether等. that 引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际意义，在主语从句中不充

6、当任何成分，但不能省略。,That people cut down too many trees destroyed the balance of nature. Whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.,.,It was not clear whether the solid shape would last or not.,Subject,Formed Subject,Whether the

7、solid shape would last or not was not clear.,Real,引导主语从句在句首只能用whether, 有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.,Conclusion:,if,If,注意: 由that 引导的主语从句有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如:,1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible. _ _ 2.That they should like each other is natural. _,*it为形式主

8、语,It is natural that they should like each other.,It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.,这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that. 遗憾的是 It is a surprise that令人惊奇的是 It is a fact that 是事实 It is common knowledge that 是常识 *_(很遗憾)we lost the match. *_(这是事实)he cheated

9、in the exam.,It is a pity that,It is a fact that,2) It is + adj. +从句 Its certain that 肯定 It is possible that. 很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能 It is obvious that 很明显 It is necessary important natural. that 当主句中的形容词，名词和动词表示建议、要求、命令、愿望、责任或是表示对事物的惊奇、惋惜时，从句的谓语动词用虚拟语气（should)+do *_(很可能)she will come back tom

10、orrow. *_(很明显)this measure is effective. It is important that we should work hard,+(should) +do,It is possible that,It is obvious that,3) It +不及物动词+从句 It happened that. 碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起 *_(刚好)I came into the office at that time. *_(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.,It happened that,It

11、 occurred to me that,4) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that. 据说 It is known to all that. 众所周知 It is reported that. 据报道 It is believed that.据信;人们相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建议 It must be admitted that必须承认 It cannot be denied that 不可否认 It must be pointed out that需指出的是 *_(据报道)20 people were kill

12、ed in the accident. *_(建议)we should eat more vegetables and do more exercise.,It is reported that,It is suggested that,2.连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever,What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water . Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided. W

13、hoever breaks the law will be punished. Which student will win the first is uncertain.,3)连接副词when，where， how， why等。,Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. When they will set off is not decided. Where she is from is unknown. How we will paint the house has not been decided.,依据“缺什么补什么”

14、原则确定正确的连词。所谓“缺什么补什么”是指句型结构与连词之间的关系。如果句子中缺主语，指人用who，指物用what；如缺宾语，指人用whom，指物用what；如缺时间状语用when；地点状语用where；原因状语用why；方式状语用how；定语用what或which；什么都不缺用that。,Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when, who, why, how or that.,1.( _ is needed for success) is your hard work.,3.(_ we will go tomorrow

15、)hasnt been decided yet.,2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.,4.(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.,5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.,7.(_ the earth is a solid ball) is known to us all.,What,When/ How,Where/ Whether,Who,Whether,That,6. (_ the earth is beco

16、ming warm) is a good topic for research.,Why,主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,Conclusion:,注 意：,What you said is of great importance. What we need are books.,3.引导主语从句在句首只能用whether,有it作形式主语的whether/if都可以.,2. 主语从句的 “that” 一般不能省。,4. 主语从句后的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数，但“what、who”引导主语从句时，谓语动词的单复数形式须依据整个句子的内容而定。,主语从句需注意的问题,1. 主语从句中

17、用陈述语序 What you are doing is meaningful.,1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. 3. _ he didnt come yesterday is unknown. 4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 5. _ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.,That

18、,What,Why,Whether,Whoever,选择恰当的连接词,the cat do,made,What the cat did made the baby cry.,What,cry,Make a sentence,30,talk about,the use of cell phone,What they are talking about is the use of cell phone.,Make a sentence,30,report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the hig

19、hest points in the match.,Make a sentence,30,Correct or not?,*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet.,. be held hasnt been known yet.,Pay attention:主语从句的谓语用单数形式,10,* If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.,Correct or not?,Whether we will. decided yet.,Pay attention:放在名词性从句句首，表

20、示“是否”，只能用whether, 不能用if,10,Correct or not?,Pay attention:注意虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用！在It is necessary important natural. that句型中，从句的谓语要用should+do 的形式,It is important that we should finish.,*It is important that we will finish the work on time.,10,Correct or not?,Pay attention:此主语从句缺少成分-宾语，故用作成分的what来引导，而不用that

21、。,What she wants to know is.,*That she wants to know is when the party will be held .,10,Correct or not?,Pay attention:由that引导的主语从句放在句首，that 不能省略。,That he will give up,*He will give up his job surprises all of us.,10,Whatever Will Be Will Be,when I was just a little girl I asked my mother, what will

22、 I be will I be pretty, will I be rich heres what she said to me que sera sera whatever will be will be the futures not ours to see que sera sera, what will be will be,when I grew up and fell in love I asked my sweetheart, what lies ahead will we have rainbows day after day heres what my sweetheart

23、said que sera sera whatever will be, will be the futures not ours to see que sera sera,what will be will be,now I have children of my own they ask their mother, what will I be will I be handsome, will I be rich I tell them tenderly que sera sera whatever will be, will be the futures not ours to see

24、que sera sera,what will be will be,1. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there were D. where there 2. The problem is _ he has enough time. A. if B. whether C. / D. that 3. He made a promise _ he would help me. A. what B. when C. that D. which,B,B,C,单项选择,4. I remember _ thi

25、s used to be a quiet village. A. how B. when C. where D. what 5. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever,B,B,6. Can you make sure _ the gold rings? A. where she had put B. where had she put C. where she has put D. where has

26、 she put 7. The reason that has been such a success _ he never gives up. A. is B. is because C. is that D. is what 8. _ Jack looked so excited is not clear. A. That B. Where C. When D. Why,C,C,D,9. That is _ I had to take the risk of being washed away. A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 10. Do _ yo

27、u think is right _ difficulties you may have. A. what ;however B. that ;whatever C. whatever ; whoever D. what; whatever 11. The workers considered it important _ the boss would agree to give them a rise. A. whether B. how C. where D. which,A,D,A,12. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would

28、visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 13. Difficulty lies _ we have no money. A. that B. in that C. in the fact D. in the fact that 14. I dont think the question of _ they are old or young is important. A. which B. whether C. how D. why,B,D,B,15. The news _ Lincoln was

29、murdered filled the American peoples hearts with deep sorrow. A. which B. when C. that D. how 16. _ he said at the meeting astonished everyone present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 17. I dont trust his promise _ he will buy me a new car. A. which B. what C. when D. that,C,A,D,18. She re

30、ceived the message _ he would come by plane. A. that B. which C. what D. when 19. Energy is _ makes things work. A. what B. something C. anything D. that 20. Our city has changed a lot, and now it is quite different from _ a few years ago. A. what it used to be B. that it used to be C. which it used

31、 to be D. what was it,A,A,A,21. We all know the truth _ there are air, water and sunlight, there are living things. A. wherever B. where C. that D. that wherever 22. The true value of life is not in _ , but_. A. how you get; that you give B. which you get; what you give C. what you get; what you giv

32、e D. what do you get; what do you give 23. _ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It,D,C,D,真题详解,1. -Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _. A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel a

33、bout it D. when I feel excited,A,解析: 这是由what 引导的一个表语从句, 在从句 中充当主语, 这句话的意思为: 那是使我感到兴奋 的事。故答案为A。,2. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where,解析: 这是一个由why引导的表语从句, 表示原因。这句话的意思是“这就是 你离开的原因吗?”, 故答案为A。,A,3. Perseverance is a kind of q

34、uality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. A. what B. that C. which D. why,解析: what 在表语从句中作 takes 的宾语, 构成 It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。 答案为A。,A,4. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants . A. what B. which C. when

35、D. that,解析: 这是一个宾语从句, wants后面缺少 宾语, Always give the monkey exactly what he wants. 是一句谚语, 意思是永远 给予他人他确实想要的东西。故答案为A。,A,_ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How,2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where,Choose the bes

36、t choice,3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray. whether B. that C. what D. when 4.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have,Discovering useful structures,1. His discovery has not yet been proved. What _. 2. Do the other astronomers accept his ideas? It remains a question. Whether _ _. 3. The first appearance of life on earth is still a mystery to scientists. How _ _.,has not yet been proved is his discovery,accepts his ideas remains a question,is still a mystery to scientists,Ex. 2,other astronomers,life first appe