必修四Module 3 Introduction ＆ Reading and Vocabulary.ppt

1、Module 3 Body Language and Non-verbal Communication Introduction Reading and Vocabulary,. 速记单词 1. 音意记忆。 (1) _ n. 武器 (2) _ n. 姿势；姿态 (3) _ n. 协议；交易 (4) _ n. 前额,weapon,gesture,deal,forehead,(5) _ n. 手掌 (6) _ vi. 张开 (7) _ vt. 掌击,palm,spread,slap,2. 形意记忆。 (1)communicate (vi. )(用语言、信号)传递信息；交流 _ (n. )交流；沟通

2、 (2)unconscious (adj. )无意的；不知不觉的 _ (adj. ) 意识到的；自觉的 (3)_ (vi. )变化various (adj. )各种各样的，各不相同的 variation (n. )变化 (4)formal (adj. )正式的_ (adj. )非正式的,communication,conscious,vary,informal,(5)_ (adv. )传统地traditional (adj. )传统的 _ (n. )传统 (6)_ (adj. )恐吓的；具有威胁的 threaten (v. ) 恐吓；威胁_ (n. )恐吓；威胁 (7)_ (vt. )包括in

3、volvement (n. )卷入；牵连_ (adj. )参与的；和有关联的,traditionally,tradition,threatening,threat,involve,involved,(8)slightly (adv. )轻微地；稍微_ (adj. )轻轻的； 稍微的；有一点的 (9)bow (vi. )鞠躬_ (n. )鞠躬 (10)_ (n. )年轻人young (adj. )年轻的,slight,bow,youth,. 短语互译 1. 在远处 _ 2. 想出；想到 _ 3. 举起手 _ 4. 与某人握手 _,in the distance,think of,raise on

4、es hand,shake hands with sb.,5. more than _ 6. vary from. . . to. . . _ 7. on guard _ 8. make a deal _ 9. hold up _ 10. give away _,多于；不仅仅,在之中变化,(保持)警惕,达成协议；做成交易,举起,暴露(自己的情况),完成句子 1. 这篇文章对我们来说不容易理解。 This article is not easy _. (不定式的 复合结构) 2. 如果天气允许，这周六我们去游玩好吗？ _, shall we go outing this Saturday? (独

5、立主格) 3. 你对她对你说的话那么肯定吗？ Are you so sure of _?(宾语从句),for us to understand,Weather permitting,what she said to you,语篇理解 1. What does the word “communication” mean in the passage? A. Words and sentences. B. Unconscious body language. C. “Learned” body language. D. All of the above.,2. “Shaking hands” me

6、ans all of the following EXCEPT “_”. A. we agree and we trust each other B. we are not aggressive C. we respect each other D. our right hands are the strongest,3. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A. Giving a “salaam” is a kind of “learned” body language. B. A “high five” is a formal st

7、yle of greeting. C. When we make a deal we shake hands. D. In Asia, touching each other when they meet isnt a common greeting.,4. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the phrase “give away” in the last paragraph? A. Give sb. sth. for free. B. Throw away. C. Give up. D. Make sth. known

8、 to sb.,5. Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To teach us how to greet others. B. To advise us to use “learned” body language. C. To offer us some information about “learned” body language. D. To let us know why we shake hands when we meet.,【读而后思】 What does the text mainly talk abo

9、ut? _ _ _ _,There are many greetings around the world in body language.,It is not only unconscious but also “learned”. For example ,we often shake hands when introduced to a stranger or when,making a deal, which means that we trust each other.,vary vi. 变化，彼此相异，各不相同 【语境领悟】 The heights of the students

10、 in my class vary from 1. 6 meters to 1. 8 meters. 我班学生的身高从一米六到一米八不等。 Rooms in this hotel vary in size and are equipped with hairdriers, televisions and telephones. 这个旅馆的房间大小不同，但是都配有吹风机、电视和电话。,【归纳拓展】 vary from. . . to. . . 从到之间变化 vary in 在方面不同/有变化 various adj. (一般用于名词前作定语) 各种各样的 variety n. 种类，品种；多样化

11、，变化 a variety of 种种，多种多样的,The gestures are various for greeting people in different countries. 不同的国家与人打招呼的手势各不相同。 The T-shirts are available in a variety of colors and sizes. 各种颜色和尺寸的T恤衫都有。,【即学活用】完成句子。 美国的医疗制度各州大不相同。 Medical treatment in the USA _. 出于多种原因他决定辍学。 He decided to leave school _.,varies g

12、reatly from state to state,for various reasons,(2013济南高一检测) Eating habits _ from country to country. One mans meat can be another mans poison. A. turn B. advance C. spread D. vary 【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意：各国的饮食习惯各不相同，一个人喜欢的另一个人未必喜欢。A项为“转动，旋转”；B项为“进展，前进”；C项为“伸展，张开”；D项为“变化，不同”。根据句意和词义选择D项。,2. deal n. 协议；交易 【语

13、境领悟】 We shake hands when we make a deal. 我们达成协议时握手。 The two teams did/made a deal that he was traded successfully. 两队达成了他成功转会的协议。,【归纳拓展】 make a deal 达成协议；做成交易 Its a deal. 成交(同意做某事)。 a good/great deal of 大量的 deal with 处理，对付；涉及，论及； 和做生意,￥500 is my last offer. OK, its a deal. 500元是我最后的出价。 好吧，成交。 A grea

14、t deal of their work is unpaid as volunteers. 作为志愿者，他们的很多工作都是没有报酬的。,【名师点津】 a great/good deal of通常只用来修饰不可数名词。 Their ideas will be dealt with more fully in Chapter Three. 他们的观点将在第三章有更充分的阐述。,【即学活用】完成句子。 You can get some good _ on the Internet. 在互联网上可以买到便宜货。 _has been put on the students before the test

15、. 考试之前学生们有巨大的压力。 I have been _him for a long time. 我和他已经打了很长时间的交道了。,deals,A good deal of pressure,dealing with,3. involve vt. 包括 【语境领悟】 Greetings in Asian countries do not involve touching the other person, but they always involve the hands. 在亚洲国家打招呼是不接触别人身体的，但经常会接触到手。 Does my job involve cleaning t

16、he passage every day? 我的工作包括每天清扫走廊吗？,【归纳拓展】 involve vt. 涉及；参与 be involved in 参与 involvement n. 包括；涉及；参与；牵连 The traffic accident involves a coach and two cars. 这次交通事故涉及一辆长途汽车和两辆汽车。 At college he became heavily involved in social activities. 上大学时他积极参与社会活动。 What exactly was his involvement in the deal?

17、 他与这项交易到底有什么牵连？,【名师点津】involve作动词意为“包含，包括；涉及”时，后面如有动词，需要使用v. -ing形式。,【即学活用】完成句子。 These changes will _ everyone on the staff. 这些变化将涉及每一位职员。 Try to _ as many children as possible _ the game. 尽量让更多的孩子们参与游戏。 Im afraid that your son _an accident. 恐怕你儿子牵连在了一次事故之中。,involve,involve,in,has been involved in,(2

18、013宜昌高一检测) My new job _ traveling all over the country, which means I wont be able to spend much time with my family. A. promises B. causes C. takes D. involves 【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我这份新工作包括到全国各地出差，这意味着我不能很长时间和家人待在一起。A项意为“答应，承诺”；B项意为“引起，带来”；C项意为“花费，带走”；D项意为“包括，涉及”。根据句意和词义选择D项。,4. spread vi. 张开 【语境领悟】

19、“I may delay my plan. ”he spread out his hands. 他张开双手说：“我可能要推迟我的计划了。” Lets spread the table cloth and be ready for the dinner. 咱们铺上桌布准备吃饭吧。 The market women had spread their goods on the pavement. 女商贩们在人行道上把货物摆开了。,【即学活用】 spread除“张开”的含义外，还有“(消息、疾病等)传播， 蔓延；涂抹；伸展，延伸，扩展；分配，分摊”等。请说出 下列句子中spread的含义。 A gre

20、en valley spread out before us. ( ) The work will be spread among all of us. ( ) The word spread that he had left office. ( ) The wind was strong and the fire spread quickly. ( ) You can spread the toast thinly with butter before eating it. ( ),涂抹,伸展,分摊,传开,蔓延,(2013上海高一检测) I was still sleeping when t

21、he big fire broke out, and then it _ quickly. A. covered B. spread C. passed D. developed 【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意：我还在睡觉，突然着起 了一场大火，随后它很快地蔓延开来。A项意为“覆盖”；B项 意为“(火等)蔓延”；C项意为“传递；经过”；D项意为“发展”。根据句子情境和词义选择B项。,5. hold up 举起 【语境领悟】 With all my strength I held up the big stone over my head. 我使出所有的力气把那块大石头举过头顶。 Those

22、who have any questions, please hold up your hands to ask them. 谁有问题请举手提问他们。 Frank knew that he would never hold up his head again. 弗兰克知道他永远抬不起头来了。,【即学活用】 hold up除“举起”的含义外，还有“支撑；推迟，延误，使 耽搁；保持良好状况；将作为榜样；阻挡”等含义。 请说出下列句子中hold up的含义。 This old tree is held up by three posts. ( ) The final of the World Cup

23、 Football wasnt held up by the heavy storm. ( ),支撑,延误,The teacher held up my composition as an example to the class. ( ) The old mans physical condition held up quite well. ( ) No one can hold up what I am doing once I have made up my mind. ( ),将作为榜样,保持良好状况,阻挡,6. give away 暴露(自己的情况) 【语境领悟】 People gi

24、ve away much more by their gestures than by their words. 人们用姿势比用语言更能暴露自己的情况。 I was afraid that the kids would give away the whole things. 恐怕孩子们会把整个事情全说出去。 The old man gave away a great deal of money to charity. 这位老人把很多钱捐给了慈善机构。,【归纳拓展】 give away 捐赠，分发；泄露(秘密等)； 颁发(奖品等) give in 让步；屈服；交上 give off 发出(气味、

25、光、热、声音等) give out 分发，发布；耗光，用光； 发出(光、热、声音、气体等) give up 放弃，终止,Students were giving out leaflets to everyone in the street. 学生们在街上向所有的人分发传单。 He has given up a promising career in law to become a teacher. 他放弃了很有前途的律师职业当了一名教师。,【即学活用】用适当的副词填空。 His accent gave him _ as a native of Guangdong. 他的口音说明他是广东人。 H

26、e studied even harder and refused to give_ to any difficulties. 他学习更刻苦了，不向任何困难屈服。 Towards the end of the month my money began to give _. 到了月底我的钱快花光了。,away,in,out,I dont think you should mention it at the beginning of the story, or it may _ the shocking ending. A. give out B. give off C. give up D. g

27、ive away 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我认为你不应该在故事的开头就提到这事，否则就会暴露那个令人意想不到的结尾。A项和B项都可意为“发出(气味、光等)”；C项意为“放弃”；D项意为“暴露，泄露；捐赠”。根据句意和词义选择D项。,7. One person then holds up his hand, palm outwards and five fingers spread. 一个人接着举起手，手掌向外，五指张开。 【句式分析】 (1)本句是一个简单句。句中画线部分是独立主格结构。 (2)独立主格结构一般在句子中作定语或状语。其不是一个完整的句子，其构成常有以下几种情况：,

28、(3)独立主格结构中的名词或代词就是逻辑主语，它与后面的分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词等是逻辑上的主谓关系。一般情况下，独立主格结构用逗号与句子分开。独立主格结构可转换成状语从句或并列句。 I lay on the ground, my head resting on my right arm and my eyes looking up into the sky. =I lay on the ground, and my head was resting on my right arm and my eyes were looking up into the sky. 我躺在地上，头枕着右

29、胳膊，眼睛望着天空。,Two exams to take the next day, I spent a sleepless night. =Because there were two exams to take the next day, I spent a sleepless night. 由于第二天有两场考试，我度过了一个不眠之夜。 The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始了假期。,【名师点津】逻辑主语+非谓语动词形式 “

30、逻辑主语+-ing”形式表示逻辑主语和动词之间是主谓关系；“逻辑主语+done”形式表示逻辑主语和动词之间是动宾关系；“逻辑主语+ to do”形式表示动作发生在将来。,Mary was sitting near the fire, her back towards the door. =Mary was sitting near the fire, with her back towards the door. 玛丽靠近火炉坐着，背对着门。 A robber burst into the room, knife in hand. (hand前不能加his) 劫匪手里拿着刀闯进房间。 Ten

31、students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12. 十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。,【即学活用】完成句子。 _(= Because her glasses were broken), she couldnt see the words on the blackboard. 由于眼镜摔坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。 _(= As the girl stared at him), he didnt know what to say. 姑娘两眼望着他，他不知道说什么好。,Her glasses brok

32、en,The girl staring at him,_ (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow) , the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得不熬夜到很晚。 _, they all went home. 会议一结束，他们就都回家了。 He came into the room, _. 他回到了房间里，耳朵冻得通红。,An important lecture to be given tomorrow,The meeting over,his

33、 ears red with cold,(2011浙江高考)Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures, some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have 【解析】选A。考查独立主格结构。句意：令人吃惊的是，蝙蝠是寿命较长的生物，有些能生存约20年。由于题干中逗号后的分句前没有连词，应该是短语结构，所以首先排除B、C两项，然后分析该短语结构的逻辑关系，some与have之间存在主谓关系，所以选A项。,. 根据语境及汉语提示写出相应的单词 1. I don

34、t like to wear _ (正式的) clothes at any time. 2. _ (传统地),Chinese young couples wear red clothes when they get married. 3. The crowd used sticks and bottles as _ (武器)against the attack of the dogs. 4. The Japanese _ (鞠躬)often to greet people. 5. Im sorry that I was not _ (意识到) of your words.,formal,Tra

35、ditionally,weapons,bow,conscious,6. We warmly _ (鼓掌) at the head teachers welcome words. 7. _ (姿势)vary slightly from country to country. 8. The dogs are trained to be _ (攻击性的). 9. Luckily, she was only hurt _ (轻微地) in the car accident. 10. I _ (张开) my palm to hit the fly on the table but failed.,cla

36、pped,Gestures,aggressive,slightly,spread,. 用所给单词或短语的适当形式完成句子 give away, hold up, involve, make a deal, be on guard, slight, spread, vary If you have any questions, please _your hands before asking them. 2. The news that he was admitted into a famous university _ _ quickly across the whole small town

37、. 3. The attitudes to the plan _ from person to person.,hold up,has,spread,vary,4. Dont _the deal to anyone, only between you and me. 5. Please _all the time not to let in any strangers in our community. 6. Luckily, the car was _ damaged in the accident. 7. They finally _after they had the negotiati

38、ons. 8. Does my job _ cooking for you?,give away,be on guard,slightly,made a deal,involve,. 单项填空 1. (2013上海高一检测) Try not to start every sentence with “the”. _ the beginnings of your sentences. A. Vary B. Decorate C. Form D. Describe 【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意：写句子时尽量不要用“the”开头。要学会变换句子的开头的形式。A项在此处为及物动词，意为“使富于变化

39、”，符合题意。B项为“装饰”；C项为“形成”；D项为“描述”。B、C、D项皆不合题意。,2. Terribly sorry to have caused you so much pain, but it was _ doneWill you be so kind as to forgive me? Aunconsciously Bunwillingly Csincerely Dnormally 【解析】选A。考查副词辨析。句意：非常对不起给你带来这么多痛苦，可这都是无意之下才做的，你能原谅我吗？A项为“无意识地”；B项为“不情愿地”；C项为“真诚地”；D项为“正常地”。根据句意和词义选择A项。

40、,3. What do people wear to a volleyball match？ Well, it isnt very_ . They wear whatever they like. A. common B. usual C. formal D. regular 【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们穿什么衣服去看排球比赛啊？哦，这种场合不是很正式。想穿什么就穿什么。A项意为“普通的，一般的”；B项意为“通常的，经常的”；C项意为“正式的，正规的”；D项意为“经常发生的，在固定时间的”。根据句意和词义选择C项。,4. (2013天津高一检测) Being a sailor

41、_ long periods away from home. A. includes B. involves C. contains D. expects 【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：做一名船员就包括长期离开家。A项和B项都具有“包含，包括”的含义，而A项一般指某物中包括某些部分，C项指“包含，容纳”，D项指“期待”。根据句意和词义选择B项。,5. (2013北京高一检测) It snowed heavily last night and we had to use thick sticks to _ the roof of the hut. A. hold on B. hold u

42、p C. hold back D. hold out 【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：昨天晚上天降大雪，我们只好用粗棍子来支撑棚屋的屋顶。A项为“继续；不挂断电话”；B项为“举起；支撑”；C项为“阻止；抑制”；D项为“伸出；维持；坚持”。根据句意和词义选择B项。,【变式训练】 He was so sad hearing the bad news that he couldnt _ his tears. A. hold on B. hold up C. hold back D. hold out 【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：他听到那个不好的消息很伤心，再也抑制不住自己的眼泪了。A

43、项意为“坚持;持续”；B项意为“举起；延误”；C项意为“阻止;抑制”；D项意为“伸出；持续”。根据句意和词义选择C项。,6. She made me promise not to _ where it was hidden. A. give away B. give out C. give up D. give off 【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：她让我答应不要泄露它被藏在哪儿。A项为“暴露；泄露”；B项为“发出；分发；用尽”；C项为“放弃”；D项为“发出(光、热等)”。根据句意和词义选择A项。,【变式训练】 What will you do for the poor childre

44、n? Im planning to _ a large number of books to them. A. give up B. give off C. give back D. give away 【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：你会为这些贫困的孩子做些什么呢？我打算给他们多捐赠些书籍。A项意为“放弃”；B项意为“发出(光线、气味等)”；C项意为“归还”；D项意为“捐赠”。根据句意和词义选择D项。,7. _ no bus, we had to walk home. A. There was B. There being C. Because there being D. There

45、 were 【解析】选B。考查独立主格结构。句意：因为没有公交车了，我们只好步行回家。由于两个句子间没有连接词，故不是从句或句子，排除A、D两项；C项因为有连词because，故there being不符合句子结构。此句前后主语不一致，又没有连接词连接两个句子，故应该使用独立主格结构，选择B项。注意：此句前半句也可以改为原因状语从句Because there was no bus。,8. (2013南京高一检测) The old house looks the same as before, but in fact, it has been _ changed, for example, so

46、me windows have been replaced. A. finally B. slightly C. gradually D. hardly 【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。句意：这所旧房子看着和以前一样，可事实上它只是稍微有点变化，比如换了一些窗户。A项为“最后，终于”；B项为“稍微；轻微地”；C项为“逐渐地”；D项为“几乎不”。根据句意和词义选择B项。,【变式训练】 Are you worried about his safety? Only _ . A. gradually B. broadly C. slightly D. extremely 【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句

47、意：你担心他的安全吗？有点。A项意为“逐渐地”；B项意为“广阔地”；C项意为“稍微，轻微地”；D项意为“极度，极其”。根据句意和选项前的Only可知应该选择C项。,9. (2013苏州高一检测) I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans. Its just a small _ party, so you dont have to dress up. A. secret B. informal C. common D. cultural 【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意：我认为我应该穿礼服而不应该穿这身牛仔装。这只是个小型的非正式的

48、聚会，所以你用不着装扮。A项为“秘密的”；B项为“非正式的”；C项为“常见的”；D项为“文化的”。根据对话情境和词义选择B项。,10. Lets go out for a walk after such a whole day of studying in the room. Why not? Its a _ . A. treat B. bargain C. communication D. deal 【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在屋里学习了一整天了，我们出去散散步吧。为什么不呢？就这样定了。A项意为“对待；处理”；B项意为“便宜品”；C项意为“交流；沟通”；D项意为“协议；交易”。Its a deal. 意为“(事情)就这样定了。”根据句