Book1_Module_5__A_Lesson_in_a_Lab.ppt

1、Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab 基础落实 .高频单词思忆 1.We climbed out of the hole,right in front of two (惊讶的) policemen. 2.This is a 5star hotel with perfect (设备). 3.The new taxes came as a shock to (普通的) Americans. 4.The population of the town (膨胀) rapidly in the 1960s.,astonished,facilities,ordinary,expanded,5

2、.From these facts we can draw some (结论) about how the pyramids were built. 6.I think the sudden break of the electricity has something to do with an (电的) fault. 7.They carry logs by (漂) them down the river.,conclusions,electrical,floating,8.The professor is giving a series of (讲座) on molecular biolo

3、gy. 9.This drink is a (混合物) of three different sorts,so it has several tastes. 10.Try to keep a (平衡) between work and relaxation.,lectures,mixture,balance,.重点短语再现 1.add. .给增加add 使增加 add to总计；总共 2. the bottom 在的底部 the bottom of ones heart从心底里；由衷地 3.be of对感到自豪；骄傲take in以为自豪 4.be supposed 理应；被认为是I supp

4、ose 我看可以 5. .in order按顺序摆放 order整 齐；条理out order次序颠倒,to,to,up,at,of,from,proud,pride,to,so,put,in,of,6.think 考虑；想到think 想出(主意 等)think 仔细考虑think 再 三考虑；慎重思考 e up 突然想起come to 苏醒； 活跃起来 8.from that moment 从那一刻起from on从那时起from on从现在起 9. turn轮流 by 轮流地；依次地 take to do.轮流做turn 结果是 10.react 与发生反应react (人) 对作出反应

5、,of,up,over,twice,with,life,on,then,now,in,turns,turns,out,with,to,.典型句式运用 1.Two-thirds of the earths surface is water. 地球表面的三分之二是水。 考查分数的表达法和主谓一致 这里三分之一的书是属于他的。,考点提炼,句子仿造,One third of the books here belong to him.,2.The earth is forty-nine times larger than the moon. 地球比月球大四十九倍。 考查倍数表达法 新修的路比原来的路宽3

6、倍。,考点提炼,句子仿造,The newly-built road is three times,wider than that old one.,3. Its hard to think of a world without metals. 很难想像一个没有金属的世界。 考查句式It is+adj.+(for/of sb.)+ to do sth. 把伞忘在出租车上，你真粗心。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Its careless of you to leave your,umbrella in the taxi.,4.The closer you are,the more youll see. 你

7、靠的越近，看到的就越多。 考查The more.,the more.句式 你越是努力，取得的进步就越大。,考点提炼,句子仿造,youll make.,The harder you study,the more progress,5.Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment. 下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。 考查倒装句式 我们靠天吃饭的日子一去不复返了。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Gone are the days when we had to be at,the mercy of the weather.,导练互动 重点单词

8、 1.contract v.(使)收缩；和订合同;n.契 约，合同 When you heat a metal,it contracts. 当你给金属加热时,它会收缩。（回归课本P41）,观察思考 If you ice the metal,it will contract. 如果你冷冻金属，它就会收缩。 We contracted with a shoe factory for 4,000 pairs of shoes. 我们和一家鞋厂签订了一份4 000双鞋的合同。 He made a two-year contract of employment with the firm. 他和那家公司

9、签订了两年的雇用合同。,归纳拓展 make a contract with 与签合同 sign a contract签署合同 carry out a contract 履行合同 cancel a contract取消合同 break a contract违反合同 by/on contract按照合同；依约,活学活用 You should read the carefully before you sign it. A.contrastB.contact C.contractD.conflict 解析 考查名词词形和词义的辨析。contract合同；contrast对照，对比；contact联系

10、，接触； conflict冲突。,C,2.conclusion n.结论；断定；结束；结局； 协定，协议 观察思考 What conclusion do you draw from the evidence? 你从证据中得到了什么结论？ From what you say I conclude that you are right. 根据你的话我断定你是对的。,The play concluded with the death of the entire cast. 该剧以全体剧中人物之死为结局。 In conclusion,I wish all of you good health and

11、a long life. 最后，我祝大家健康长寿。,归纳拓展 conclusion作“结束，结尾”讲时常用单数，用 作“结论”讲时为可数名词，用作“协议，缔结” 讲时为不可数名词。 come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得 出结论 bring.to a conclusion使结束 in conclusion最后 conclude v.结束；断定;订立 conclude with以而结束 conclude sth.from sth.从某事中得出某个结论 conclude sth.(with) sb.与某人达成(协定),活学活用 David from t

12、he analysis of the traffic accident that it had been caused by human error. A.announced B.acknowledged C.concluded D.considered 解析 句意为：David从交通事故分析中推断出这次交通事故是人为错误导致的。,C,3.react vi.回应；起作用；起反应 Which of the metals in the table reacts the most with oxygen and water? 表格中的金属哪一个与氧气和水反应最厉害？ (回归课本P44),观察思考 H

13、ow did Wilson react to your idea? 威尔逊对你的想法反应如何？ Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁和水及空气发生反应生成锈。 Most people reacted against the passing of the law. 多数人反对通过这项法律。 Applause can react greatly on/upon a speaker. 听众的掌声对演讲人有很大影响。,归纳拓展 react的含义及用法： (1)作出反应，回应(与to连用); (2)反对，反抗，反动(与against连用);

14、(3)(指物质)起化学反应(与with连用); (4)对某事物有影响，对某事物产生变化(与介词on连用)。,活学活用 The football player reacted the judges decision by withdrawing from the match. A.onB.to C.againstD.by 解析 表示“人对作出反应”用to。,B,4.ordinary adj.普通的；平常的；n.常事； 惯例 The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water. 在有普通水的试管里的铁钉生锈。 (回归课本P45),观察思考 Today he

15、 came earlier than usual,for it was not an ordinary day. 他今天来得比平常早，因为今天是一个不平常的 日子。 He is out of the ordinary among the children. 他是一个不寻常的孩子。,易混辨异 ordinary/common/usual/normal (1)ordinary普通的，平常的，平凡的。强调在等 级和类属方面普通。指人时，该词指既不显赫也 不低贱；指物时指品质或质地水平一般。有“平 庸无奇”之意。 (2)common普通的；常见的。强调经常发生，司空 见惯，不显赫或不特别，可修饰人或物。

16、也可指 共同的，共存的。 The plants are common here. 这些植物在这里很普遍。,(3)usual通常的；惯常的，惯例的。强调依照惯 例来判断，有“遵循常规”之意。 It is usual for him to go back home late. 他回家晚是常事。 (4)normal正常的，合乎标准的。强调在正常情况 下应有的。 His temperature was two degrees above normal. 他的体温比正常体温高两度。,活学活用 Letter boxes are much more in the UK than in the US,wher

17、e most people have a mailbox instead. A.common B.normal C.ordinary D.usual,解析 本题考查同义词辨析。common指为许多人或事物所共同具备因而常见；ordinary指由于与一般事物的性质或标准相同，因而显得平常，无奇特之处，反义词为special;usual指在某一地方或某一时间内所常见的，往往指常用的东西，或经常发生的事情，反义词为unusual；normal同usual和regular，意为“正常的，正规的，标准的”。句意为：Letter boxes在英国比在美国更常见，在美国大多数人都有一个mailbox。 答案

18、 A,重点短语与句型 5.keep.out of防止进入；不让靠 近 You add some oil to the water because this keeps air out of it. 向水里加一些油因为这可以防止空气进入到水 中。 (回归课本P46) 观察思考 Weve always tried to keep out of local politics. 我们总是尽可能避免卷入地方政治中。,归纳拓展 keep (sb.) away (from sth.) 使(某人)离开(某 物) keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep back阻止，抑制；留(扣

19、)下；忍住(眼泪)； 隐瞒 keep sth.in mind记住(某事物) keep in touch with与保持联系 keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事 keep off远离，避开，让开 keep up保持，维持 keep up with跟上，不落在后面 keep to不跑题，不偏离（道路）,活学活用 A certain percentage of your salary is by the employer as an ensurance payment. A.kept away B.kept out C.kept back D.kept up 解析 考查词义辨析。ke

20、ep back扣留；keep away离开，远离；keep out 避开；keep up维持。,C,6.used to(过去)常常 I never used to enjoy science,but last year I changed schools,and the science teachers at my new school are excellent. 我过去从未喜欢过理科，但是去年我转学了， 我新学校的理科教师都非常优秀。 (回归课本P49),观察思考 I used to go to work on foot,but now I drive there. 我过去常常是步行上班，

21、现在我开车去。 You used to see a lot of her,didnt you/usednt you? 你过去经常见她，是吧？,易混辨异 used to/would 二者均含有过去做某事的意义。 (1)used to暗含和现在的情况对比，强调现在不 再那样了。 (2)would指过去的习惯，常常做某事，不和现在 进行比较。如： He used to be a doctor,but now a lawyer. 他过去是一名医生，现在是一名律师。 I would sit under a big tree in front of my house as a child. 孩提时我经常坐

22、在我家房前的大树下。,归纳拓展 (1)used to表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状 态，暗含现在不再这样。 (2)used to的否定式有两种，即：used not to do和did not use to do。疑问式也有两种，即： Used+主语+to do.?和Did+主语+use to do.? (3)be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 be used to do sth.被用来做某事 be used as.被用作,活学活用用use的适当短语填空 I be a middle school teacher,but I resigned in the year

23、 1999.Now my office in that school is used as the school clinic, and I have my new job already.,used to,got used to,7.be supposed to理应；应当 I am going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University,as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments. 我要尽量去上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因 为这两所学校都有很好的物理系。 (回归课本P

24、49),观察思考 Why are you still at home? You are supposed to have gone to school. 你怎么还在家？你早应该去学校了。 What makes you suppose him to be connected with them? 什么使你想到他和他们之间的联系？ Look,suppose/supposing you lost your job tomorrow,what would you do? 哎，假设明天丢掉了工作，你会怎么办？,归纳拓展 (1)suppose作及物动词，意为“认为，想”。后 可接从句，可用作插入语，还可接

25、不定式的复合 结构。 作及物动词时，意为“假定，设想”，有时还可 用来提出建议，表示“怎么样”，多用于祈 使句，后面的从句多用虚拟语气形式should do, 有时should可以省略。 (2)be supposed to do表示“应该，应当”。不 定式有时可用完成时或进行时。 (3)suppose/supposing引起条件状语从句，相当 于if的作用，意为“如果，假设”。,活学活用 (1)Everyone wear a seat belt in the car. A.is supposed toB.supposes to C.is supposedD.supposed to 解析 be

26、supposed to do.理应做。句 意为：所有的人都应系上安全带。,A,(2) every word of his were true,what action would the teacher take? A.As if B.While C.When D.Suppose 解析 suppose起到连词的作用，相当于if，引 导状语从句。句意:如果他说的话都是真的，老 师会采取什么措施？,D,8.It is hard to think of a world without metals.很难想像一个没有金属的世界。 句式分析 本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短 语to think

27、of.，构成It is/was+adj.+ to do sth.的结构。 Its difficult to finish the task in such a short period of time. 在这么短的时间内完成任务很困难。,归纳拓展 (1)It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.(该句式中，作表语的形容词只能说明不定式的行为性质和特 点，不能说明不定式的执行者。常见的这类形容 词有：easy,important,difficult,hard, possible,impossible,necessary等。) Its important for us to mas

28、ter a foreign language. 对我们来说掌握一门外语非常重要。,(2)It is+adj.+of sb. to do sth.(该句式中， 作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行、 性格或性质。常见的这类形容词有：kind,nice, good,honest,careful,careless,clever,wise, stupid,foolish,rude,polite,impolite等。) Its careless of you to make so many mistakes in this exam. 在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。,活学活用 We all

29、 think is not necessary for you to have told her about the bad news. A.there B.it C.that D.this 解析 考查句式It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.的结构。,B,9.Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top,and the metals that react least at the bottom.这儿有 一个图表，那些反应最强烈的金属在上部， 反应最不强烈的在下部。,句式分析 这是一个倒装句，正常语序是

30、：A table with.is here.在学习的过程中我们要注意： (1)在there,here引导的句子中，谓语动词是 be,exist等表示状态的不及物动词时，句子要全 部倒装。 (2)在there,here,now,then,thus等开头的句子 里，谓语动词是come,go,follow等且主语是名词 时，句子要全部倒装。,(3)在here,there引导的句子中，当主语是代词 时，不倒装，且此类句子不用进行时。 Here comes the bus.Lets hurry! 车来了,我们快点！ Here he comes!他来了！ There stands a tall pine

31、tree at the top of the hill. 山顶上有一棵高高的松树。 活学活用 Heres the knife；it was under these dishes.,刀子在这儿呢，就在这堆盘子地下。,考题回扣 【例1】In my opinion,life in the twenty first century is much easier than . （安徽高考） A.that used to be B.it is used to C.it was used to D.it used to be 解析 表示“过去常常”用used to do., 并且本题中动词原形be不能省略。

32、,D,课文原文 I never used to enjoy science,but last year I changed schools,and the science teachers at my new school are excellent.,【例2】Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away . （上海高考） A.fleeing the thief B.was fleeing the thief C.the thief was fleeing D.fled the thief 解析 away置于句首且主语是名词时，句子应 用全部倒装语序。A项不是完

33、整的句子；B项倒 装语序不正确；C项是正常语序，此三项可排除。 课文原文 Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment.,D,【例3】The message is very important,so it is supposed as soon as possible. （陕西高考） A.to be sentB.to send C.being sentD.sending 解析 be supposed to do sth.表示“理应做 某事”,是习惯搭配,而且send与the message之 间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故须用被动语

34、态形式。 课文原文 I am going to try to go to either Montreal or Ottawa University,as both are supposed to have good Physics Departments.,A,【例4】It is not immediately clear the financial crisis will soon be over. （上海高考） A.sinceB.what C.whenD.whether 解析 这是it作形式主语的名词性从句。句意 为:金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明朗的。 若主语从句中去掉soon，也可以

35、选C项，即“金 融危机什么时候会结束”；what在从句中没法 与其他成分搭配；since自从以来，不合句 意。 课文原文 It is hard to think of a world without metals.,D,【例5】My uncles house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours,but it is twice expensive. （四川高考） A.asB.so C.tooD.very 解析 but分句实际上是一个省略句，补充完整 为：but it is twice as expensive as ours。 课文原文

36、The earth is twice as large as the moon.,A,自主检测 .品句填词 1.Put a basin of water outside in winter, and ice will (形成). 2.The police came to a (结论) after looking into the case carefully. 3.I have a lot of sports (设备) such as golf clubs,tennis rackets and ice skates. 4.The smell of new bread (飘出) up from

37、the kitchen.,form,conclusion,equipment,floated,5.Please read the (说明) on the bottle before taking the medicine. 6.When questioned by the police,his first (反应) was to deny everything. 7.This drink is a (混合物) of three different sorts,so it has several tastes. 8.The child couldnt keep his (平 行) on his

38、new bicycle. 9.The hunter (瞄准) his gun at the bear carefully. 10.When you heat a metal,it expands;while it (收缩) as it gets cooler.,instructions,reaction,mixture,balance,aimed,contracts,.短语运用 be proud of,used to,aimed at,add up to, keep out of,put.in order,keep ones balance,think of,react with,be sup

39、posed to 1.In nature,many kinds of materials can each other under certain conditions. 2.You ask the teacher if you want to leave the classroom. 3.He lifted his gun and the bird in the tree.,react with,are supposed to,aimed at,4.All the money I had no more than one hundered dollars. 5.When I saw thes

40、e photos,I my college days. 6.Try to the trouble between them. 7.Books should again after you have finished reading them.,added up to,thought of,keep out of,be put in order,8.I struggled to on my new skates. 9.All the Chinese the success of Shenzhou . 10.Life now is much better than it be.,keep my b

41、alance,are proud of,used to,.翻译句子 1.学生人数在迅速增加。（expand） 2.做完实验后，一切东西都要有序的排列在器皿 柜中。(put.in order) 3.这是我过去经常去游泳的小河。(where),Student numbers are expanding rapidly.,After the experiment,everything is put in,order in the cupboard.,This is the river where I used to go,swimming.,4.To find out the truth,youd

42、better do it once by yourself.（不定式作目的状语） 5.It is hard to think of a world without metals.,为了发现事实，你最好亲自做一次。,很难想像一个没有金属的世界。,.单项填空 1.On hearing the news,the girl rushed out without hesitation, the bag on the floor and in the dark. A.left;lied;disappeared B.leaving;lying;disappeared C.leaving;lie;disapp

43、earing D.left;lay;disappear 解析 分析句子知leaving the bag.是分词 短语作状语；而the bag和lie间是主谓关系， 故用lying的形式；而disappear和rush out是 句子的谓语动词；因此B正确。,B,2.There are both advantages and disadvantages in the scheme proposed,but I think we should benefit by adopting it. A.on balanceB.out of balance C.on the balanceD.off bal

44、ance 解析 on balance总的来说。,A,3.Churches are often built the cross in the West. A.in form ofB.in the form of C.with form ofD.in a form of 解析 in the form of.以样的形式；呈 现样的形式。,B,4.When ,metals . A.heating;extendB.heated;extend C.heating;expendD.heated;expand 解析 metal和heat为动宾关系，故用heated, 完整形式是：When it is heat

45、ed,由常识知加 热时铁膨胀，故用一般现在时。,D,5.They will start their project at helping the poor children to be educated in Chinas west. A.aimsB.aiming C.being aimedD.aimed 解析 分析句子知project和aim at之间是主谓 关系，故用其-ing形式aiming。,B,6.After a long discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of the plan, they finally came

46、to a(n) that it was practical. A.decisionB.opinion C.conclusionD.impression 解析 come to a conclusion得出结论。空后 的that it was practical是conclusion的同位 语。,C,of the people on the Net Chinas economy is among the strongest in the world. A.Four fifth;believes B.Four fifth;believe C.Four fifths;believe D.Four fifths;believes 解析 考查分数表达和主谓一致。当分数中分 子大于1时，分母需用复数，故排除A、B两项； “分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词 的单复数取决于名词，本句中people为复数， 故选C。,C,8.The fligh