英语诗歌欣赏知识(详细)

1、.,英语诗歌欣赏 Evaluation and Appreciation of English Poetry,.,“The literature that is written in some kind of verse form. -a readers definition,“the best words in the best order.” -Samuel Taylor Coleridge,“not the assertion that something is true, but the making of that truth more fully real to us.” -T.S

2、. Eliot,.,Literature that is not prose,1.a musical effect created by rhythm and sounds 2.a precise and fresh imagery 3.multiple levels of interpretation by the connotation of closer words and by allusions,.,.The Musical Effect of Poetry,Poetry has its roots in song. epics, ballads, traveling bards,

3、minstrels,Musical effects are mainly created by rhythm.,Foot-a group of syllables forming a metrical unit, a unit of rhythm. Meter-the pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables used in poem.,.,伐木丁丁，鸟鸣嘤嘤。 四言诗,欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。 五言诗,春风又绿江南岸。 七言诗,.,monometer（单音步) pentameter（五音步） dimeter （双音步） hexameter （六

4、音步） trimeter（三音步） heptameter （七音步） tetrameter （四音步） octameter （八音步）,.,雪压冬云白絮飞 1 2 3 4 tetrameter,Twinkle twinkle little star tetrameter,.,阴平、阳平、 上声、去声 平 仄,老夫喜作黄昏颂，满目青山夕照明。 仄平仄仄平平仄，仄仄平平仄仄平。,.,平仄互协 “音乐的和有趣的思想结合” 爱伦坡,“欲调曼声，必谐三声“（平、上、去）,高低疾徐抑扬顿挫 汉语四声调的特色,.,阴平声轻，阳平声重，上声后而举，去声清而远,stressed-accent 重音扬 unstr

5、essed-unaccented 轻音抑 five metric patterns （音律）,.,1Iambic 抑扬格 : control 2Trochaic 扬抑格 : tiger 3Anapestic 抑抑扬格 : contradict 4Dactylic 扬抑抑格 : foolishness 5Spondaic 扬扬格 : moonstone,., lThe sky is high, the clouds are pale. -iambic tetrameter 四步抑扬格, l Double double toil and trouble Fire burn and cauldron

6、 bubble -Shakespeare Its trochaic tetrameter. (四步扬抑格),.,lLike a child from the womb Like a ghost from the tomb I arise and inbuilt it again. -Shelley -Anapestic tetrameter and trimeter, l Id a dream to-night, As I feel asleep -anapestic and iambic dimeter,.,Elegy written in a Country Churchyard -Tho

7、mas Gray,The curfew tolls the knell of parting day, The lowing herd wind slowing oer the lea, The plowman homeward plods his weary way, And leaves the world to darkness and me.,., The cur few tolls the knell of par ting day , The low ing herd wind slow ing oer the lea , The plow man homeward plodshi

8、s weary way , And leaves the world to dark ness and me .,., There was a young la dy of Ni ger Who smiled as she rode on a ti ger They returned from the ride ,., With the la dy in side And the smile on the face of the ti ger,A poem for appreciation-good and harmonious combination of rhythm and rhyme.

9、,.,My Hearts in the Highlands. -Robert Burns,My hearts in the Highlands, my heart is not here, My hearts in the Highlands a-chasing the dear, A-chasing the wild deer and following the roe- My hearts in the Highlands, wherever I go?,., Farewell to the Highlands, farewell to the North, The birthplace

10、of valor, the country of worth, Wherever I wonder, wherever I rove, The hills of Highlands for ever I love.,., Farewell to the mountains high covered with snow, Farewell to the straths and green valleys below, Farewell to the forests and wild-hanging woods, Farewell to the torrents and loud-pouring

11、floods.,.,* Rhyme (rime),大江歌罢掉头东 dong a 邃密群科济世穷 qiong a rime together 面壁十年图破壁, bi b 难酬滔海亦英雄. xiong a ,.,A book of verse underneath the bough, A jug of wine, a loaf of bread - and thou, Beside me singing in the wilderness, O, wildness were paradise enow.,The first, second and fourth line rime togethe

12、r.,From Omar Kheyyan-by Edward Fitzgerald鲁拜集,.,美酒佐干粮， 树荫诵诗章， 君喉歌宛转， 荒漠即天堂。 郭沫若（译）,.,Types of Rhyme,1.1. End rhyme（尾韵）- rhyme established at the end of verse line. 2. Internal rhyme （中间韵）- rhyme contained within a line of verse.,.,Spring -Thomas Nash,Spring, the sweet spring, is the years pleasant ki

13、ng Then blooms each thing, then maids dance in ring Cold doth not sting, the pretty birds do sing. Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo!,.,The palm and may make country houses gay Lambs frisk and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear ay birds tune this merry lay Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-wi

14、tta-woo!,.,The fields breathe sweet, The daisies kiss our feet; Young lovers meet, Old wives a-sunning sit; In every street these tunes our ears do greet Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo! Spring! the sweet spring:,.,The first stanza: spring-thing-sting king-ring-sing,The second stanza: may-play-

15、ay gay-day-lay,.,The third stanza: Sweet-meet-street Feet-sit-great,Cuckoo, jug-jug, pu-we, to-witta-woo!,.,3. Slant rhyme- an inexact rhyme where the final consonant sounds are the same but the vowel sounds are different.,near rhyme, half-rhyme, partial rhyme.,And by his smile, I know that sullen h

16、all, By his dead smile, I know we stood in hell.,.,1.4. Eye rhyme- the rhyming of two words which look as if theyd rhyme, but do not.,e.g. move - love,.,1) One syllable rhyme （押单韵）or single rhyme -usually called as masculine rime, male rime.,2) Double rhyme （押双韵）-rhyme in which two consecutive sylla

17、bles of the rhyme words match. The first syllable carries the stress. Lightness,elegance feminine, female rhyme e.g: motion-ocean waken-forsaken audition-rendition,.,3) Triple rhyme （三重韵） e.g: glorious-victorious,.,* Other musical devices - the use of sounds,1. Alliteration 首字韵 - repetition of two or more initial consonants sounds in words within a verse line.,e.g: When fortitude has lost its fire, And freezes into fear.,.,Itylus -Swi