Unit-7-Id-rather-being-black-than-female.ppt

1、Unit 7 Id Rather Be Black than Female,新世纪高等院校英语专业本科系列教材（修订版） 综合教程第六册(第2版) 电子教案,上海外语教育出版社 南京信息工程大学 刘杰海,Contents page,Contents,Learning Objectives Pre-reading Activities Global Reading Detailed Reading Consolidation Activities Further Enhancement,Objectives,Learning Objectives,Rhetorical skill: compar

2、ison, rhetorical questions and parallelism Key language there are ten other women. I was the first to overcome both handicaps at once. Of the two handicaps, being black is much less of a drawback than being female.,Detailed Reading,DR-p2-text,2.If I said that being black is a greater handicap than b

3、eing a woman, probably no one would question me. Why? Because “we all know” there is prejudice against black people in America. That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still strikes nearly all men and, I am afraid, most women as bizarre.,Detailed Reading,DR-p3-text,3.Prejudice against

4、blacks was invisible to most white Americans for many years. When blacks finally started to “mention” it, with sit-ins, boycotts, and freedom rides, Americans were incredulous. “Who, us?” they asked in injured tones. “Were prejudiced?” It was the start of a long, painful reeducation for white Americ

5、a. It will take years for whites including those who think of themselves as liberals to discover and eliminate the racist attitudes they all actually have.,Detailed Reading,DR-p4-text,4.How much harder will it be to eliminate the prejudice against women? I am sure it will be a longer struggle. Part

6、of the problem is that women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their roles as second-class citizens than blacks ever were.,Detailed Reading,DR-p5-text,5.Let me explain. I have been active in politics for more than twenty years. For all but the last six, I have done the work all t

7、he tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on election day while men reaped the rewards, which is almost invariably the lot of women in politics.,Detailed Reading,DR-p6-text,6.It is still women about three million volunteers who do most of this work in the American politi

8、cal world. The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman, a kind of separate-but-equal position with which a woman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. In such a job, she gets a number of free trips to state and som

9、etimes national meetings and conventions, where her role is supposed to be to vote the way her male chairman votes.,Detailed Reading,DR-p7-8-text,7.When I tried to break out of that role in 1963 and run for the New York State Assembly seat from Brooklyns Bedford Stuyvesant, the resistance was bitter

10、. From the start of that campaign, I faced undisguised hostility because of my sex. 8.But it was four years later, when I ran for Congress, that the question of my sex became a major issue. Among members of my own party, closed meetings were held to discuss ways of stopping me.,Detailed Reading,DR-p

11、9-text,9.My opponent, the famous civil-rights leader James Farmer tried to project a black, masculine image; he toured the neighborhood with sound trucks filled with young men wearing Afro haircuts, dashikis, and beards. While the television crews ignored me, they were not aware of a very important

12、statistic, which both I and my campaign manager, Wesley MacD. Holder, knew. In my district there are 2.5 women for every man registered to vote. And those are organized in PTAs, church societies, card clubs, and other social and service groups. I went to them and asked their help. Mr. Farmer still d

13、oesnt quite know what hit him.,Detailed Reading,DR-p10-text,10. When a bright young woman graduate starts looking for a job, why is the first question always: “Can you type?” A history of prejudice lies behind that question. Why are women thought of as secretaries, not administrators? Librarians and

14、 teachers, but not doctors and lawyers? Because they are thought of as different and inferior. The happy homemaker and the contented darky are both stereotypes produced by prejudice.,Detailed Reading,DR-p11-text,11.Women have not even reached the level of tokenism that blacks are reaching. No women

15、sit on the Supreme Court. Only two have held Cabinet rank, and none do at present. Only two women hold ambassadorial rank. But women predominate in the lower-paying, menial, unrewarding, dead-end jobs, and when they do reach better positions, they are invariably paid less than a man gets for the sam

16、e job.,Detailed Reading,DR-p12-13-text,12.If that is not prejudice, what would you call it? 13.A few years ago, I was talking with a political leader about a promising young woman as a candidate. “Why invest time and effort to build the girl up?” he asked me. “You know shell only drop out of the gam

17、e to have a couple of kids just about the time were ready to run her for mayor.”,Detailed Reading,DR-p14-text,14.Plenty of people have said similar things about me. Plenty of others have advised me, every time I tried to take another upward step, that I should go back to teaching, a womans vocation,

18、 and leave politics to the men. I love teaching, and I am ready to go back to it as soon as I am convinced that this country no longer needs a womans contribution.,Detailed Reading,DR-p15-text,15.When there are no children going to bed hungry in this rich nation, I may be ready to go back to teachin

19、g. When there is a good school for every child, I may be ready. When we do not spend our wealth on hardware to murder people, when we no longer tolerate prejudice against minorities, and when the laws against unfair housing and unfair employment practices are enforced instead of evaded, then there m

20、ay be nothing more for me to do in politics.,Detailed Reading,DR-p16-text,16.But until that happens and we all know it will not be this year or next what we need is more women in politics. Because we have a very special contribution to make. I hope that the example of my success will convince other

21、women to get into politics and not just to stuff envelopes, but to run for office.,Detailed Reading,DR-p17-text,17.It is women who can bring empathy, tolerance, insight, patience, and persistence to government the qualities we naturally have or have had to develop because of our suppression by men.

22、The women of a nation mold its morals, its religion, and its politics by the lives they live. At present, our country needs womens idealism and determination, perhaps more in politics than anywhere else.,Detailed Reading,DR:p1 Analysis,Paragraph 1 Analysis This paragraph introduces the topic and the

23、me of the passage, i.e. the widespread and yet seemingly unnoticed sexual discrimination against women, which is even more serious than racial discrimination against blacks. “. being black is much less of a drawback than being female.”,Detailed Reading,DR:p2-4 Analysis,Paragraphs 2-4 Analysis In the

24、se three paragraphs the author first mentions the “invisible” and deep-rooted prejudice against blacks in America, and then, in the fourth paragraph, she points out that it will be harder to eliminate the prejudice against women, who have accepted their inferior status themselves.,Detailed Reading,D

25、R:p5-6 Analysis,Paragraphs 5-6 Analysis These two paragraphs start to “explain” the authors point expressed in the preceding part by describing what inferior work she herself has done and millions of women are expected to do in “the American political world” which is dominated by men.,Detailed Readi

26、ng,DR:p7-9 Analysis,Paragraphs 7-9 Analysis In these three paragraphs the author describes the “bitter” reaction of the American political world when a woman attempts “to break” its “rules” by relating her own two election experiences, i.e. how that invisible prejudice becomes “undisguised hostility

27、” when a woman deviates from them.,Detailed Reading,DR:p10-12 Analysis,Paragraphs 10-12 Analysis In these paragraphs, the discussion extends from the prejudice against women in politics to employment (Paragraph 10) and career development (Paragraph 11).Paragraph 12 is the authors conclusion about se

28、xual prejudice in America, which is a strong statement in the form of a rhetorical question.,Detailed Reading,DR:p13-15 Analysis,Paragraphs 13-15 Analysis In these paragraphs, the author returns to her own experiences what a political leader said about another woman and what “plenty of people” said

29、about her (Paragraphs 13-14), as well as her personal reaction to the social expectation for her to “go back to teaching” and “leave politics to the men” and why she refuses to do that (Paragraphs 14-15).,Detailed Reading,DR:p16-17 Analysis,Paragraphs 16-17 Analysis This is the concluding section in

30、 which the author strongly urges womens active participation in politics (Paragraph 16), and points out the impact of womens natural qualities on the nation and politics (Paragraph 17). The author winds up the passage with a call for more womens participation in politics.,Detailed Reading,DR-Questio

31、n-p2,Paragraph 2: Question Why is being a woman a greater handicap than being black?,Detailed Reading,Most white Americans, even the liberals, would not admit that they are prejudiced against blacks. The author predicts that it will take years for people to realize it. Then, in Paragraph 4, she indi

32、cates that it will take an even longer time for them to eliminate prejudice against women because women themselves are more accustomed to their role as second-class citizens than blacks ever were.,DR-Question-p3,Paragraph 3: Question How do you understand “Who, us? they asked in injured tones”? Why

33、does the author use “injured tones”?,Detailed Reading,The question here is a rhetorical question, which is in effect a strong negative statement, i.e. “Anyone but us.” By “injured tones” the author suggests that the American people believe that there is no racial prejudice in their country and they

34、are very proud of it. Any revelation of this fact would injure their pride, but this is where “the reeducation for white America” should start, though it may be very “painful.”,DR-Question-p5,Paragraph 5: Question What, according to the author, is the role that women are supposed to play in American

35、 politics?,Detailed Reading,Usually women are faithfully engaged in tedious details such as envelope stuffing and card-party organizing. Although their contribution makes the difference on election day, it is men who reap the reward, i.e. get the honor and important positions. In contrast, women can

36、 at most get decorative and subordinate posts to echo what their male partners say.,DR-Question-p9,Paragraph 9: Question Why did the authors opponent, James Farmer, try to project a black, masculine image?,Detailed Reading,Because he was aware that such a profile would gain peoples sympathy for blac

37、ks and voters favor in a male-dominated society.,DR-Question-p10-11,Paragraph 10-11: Question How are women discriminated against in employment and career development?,Detailed Reading,First of all, they are deemed as different and inferior, so that they are thought of as only being capable of some

38、work conventionally done by females; next they have far less chance to be promoted to important positions; third, they are paid less than a man gets for the same job.,DR-Question-p14,Paragraph 14-15: Question How did the author respond to others advice that she should go back to teaching and leave p

39、olitics to the men?,Detailed Reading,The author admits that she loves teaching, but she firmly believes that women should be more active in politics to remove all social injustices, including prejudice against women.,DR-Question-p16,Paragraph 16: Question Why does the author think that we need more

40、women in politics?,Detailed Reading,The author admits that she loves teaching, but she firmly believes that women should be more active in politics to remove all social injustices, including prejudice against women.,DR-Question-p16,Paragraph 16: Question Why does the author think that we need more w

41、omen in politics?,Detailed Reading,The author admits that she loves teaching, but she firmly believes that women should be more active in politics to remove all social injustices, including prejudice against women.,LPT- Being the first black woman,“Being the first black woman elected to Congress has

42、 made me some kind of phenomenon.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, Because I am the first black woman to be elected to Congress, people think I am something extraordinary.,LPT-phenomenon,Detailed Reading,The Beatles were a phenomenon nobody had heard anything like them before. Her rise to fame was quit

43、e phenomenal in less than two years she was a household name. His first novel was phenomenally successful it was translated into over thirty languages.,phenomenon n. someone or something that is very impressive or surprising,e.g.,LPT-both handicaps,both handicaps being both black and female Here “ha

44、ndicap” means “disadvantage.”,Detailed Reading,LPT- of the two handicaps being black is much,“Of the two handicaps, being black is much less of a drawback than being female.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, Being a woman is a greater disadvantage than being a black. (“Handicap” and “drawback” are two s

45、ynonyms meaning “difficulty” or “disadvantage.”),LPT- handicap,Detailed Reading,Doesnt she find it a bit of a handicap trying to organize her social life without a phone? Traffic is a major drawback to living in any major city.,handicap n. a disadvantage that prevents you from doing something well,e

46、.g.,LPT- that there is prejudice,“That there is prejudice against women is an idea that still strikes nearly all men and, I am afraid, most women as bizarre.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, Almost all men and, I think, most women are not aware of their own and other peoples sexual prejudice against wo

47、men. When someone asserts there is such prejudice in America, they will find it hard to believe.,LPT- bizarre,Detailed Reading,bizarre behaviour a really bizarre character,bizarre adj. strange and difficult to explain,e.g.,LPT- Prejudice against blacks was invisible,“Prejudice against blacks was inv

48、isible to most white Americans for many years.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, For a long time, most white Americans did not realize that they were prejudiced against blacks.,LPT- invisible,Detailed Reading,The Stealth Fighter is an aircraft designed to be invisible to radar. In her first novel, she e

49、xamined the social invisibility of middle-aged women,invisible adj. something that is invisible cannot be seen; not physically existing but having a noticeable effect,e.g.,LPT- It will take years for whites,“It will take years for whites including those who think of themselves as liberals to discove

50、r and eliminate the racist attitudes they all actually have.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, It will be many years before whites including those who consider themselves open-minded become conscious of their own racial prejudice against blacks, and then give it up.,LPT- eliminate,Detailed Reading,A mov

51、e towards healthy eating could help eliminate heart disease to some extent. The police eliminated him from their enquiries.,eliminate vt. to get rid of something that is not wanted or needed,e.g.,LPT- women in America are much more,“. women in America are much more brainwashed and content with their

52、 roles as second-class citizens than blacks ever were.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, . women in America have been made to believe only what American culture wants them to believe about their inferior roles in society. As a result they now feel quite comfortable with their inferior social status. In

53、comparison, blacks had never been so brainwashed and content with their inferior status.,LPT- brainwash,Detailed Reading,The government is trying to brainwash the people into thinking that a war is necessary. Her father said she had been brainwashed by a bizarre religious cult.,brainwash vt. to forc

54、e someone to accept a particular set of beliefs by repeating the same idea many times so that the person cannot think in an independent way,e.g.,LPT- content,Detailed Reading,They seem content to socialize with a very small circle of people. Initially, she contented herself with simply looking after

55、 her family.,content vt. to make someone feel happy or satisfied,e.g.,LPT- I have done the work,“. I have done the work all the tedious details that make the difference between victory and defeat on election day while men reaped the rewards .”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, . though my part in the cam

56、paign seemed to involve only some seemingly insignificant and boring odd jobs, it is these little jobs Ive done that have made us win the election. That is to say, my work was critically important. But in the end, all the credit went to men.,LPT- make the difference,Detailed Reading,Putting up some

57、new wallpaper in the bedroom has made all the difference to it. You can ask him again if you like, but it wont make any difference hell still say no.,make a difference to have an important effect on something, especially a good effect,e.g.,LPT- reap the rewards,Detailed Reading,In retirement he reap

58、ed the rewards of his earlier investment. They sold the terrorists most of their modern weapons and now they are reaping the bitter harvest. The lawyers are reaping the benefit from the current trend for suing the minute something goes wrong.,reap vt. to get something as a result of something that y

59、ou do,e.g.,LPT- The best any of them can hope for is,“The best any of them can hope for is the honor of being district or county vice-chairman is rewarded for years of faithful envelope stuffing and card-party organizing.”,Detailed Reading,Paraphrase, After years of stuffing envelopes and organizing card-parties, a woman might be assigned to a position no higher than district or county vice-chairman. Women seem to enjoy equality with men, but, in fact, that is no better than the old racist