被动语态讲解ppt课件.ppt

1、Passive voice,1,各种时态的被动语态结构:,1.一般现在时态的被动语态结构: am/is/are + vt 过去分词,2.一般过去时态的被动语态结构: was/ were + vt 过去分词,3.含有情态动词的被动语态结构: 情态动词+be+ vt 过去分词,4.一般将来时的被动语态结构: will/shall +be + vt 过去分词,5.现在进行时态的被动语态结构: am/ is /are+being + vt 过去分词,6.过去进行时态的被动语态结构: was / were + being+ vt 过去分词,7.现在完成时态的被动语态结构: have/has been +

2、 vt 过去分词,2,The boy broke the glass.,The glass was broken by the boy.,如何从主动语态变为被动语态？,1.主语 介词by 宾语 2.谓语 加be,并变为过去分词 3.宾语 主语,3,主动语态和被动语态对照表,4,1.They make shoes in that factory. 主语+及物动词+宾语,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般现在时：am/is /are +过去分词,各种时态变为被动语态,5,2. They bought ten computers last ter

3、m,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term. 一般过去时：was/were +过去分词,6,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,谓,宾,The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,一般将来时：will be+过去分词,7,3Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good care of by Amy. 情态动词： can/may/must/should + be+过去分词,8,5. Some workers

4、 are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 现在进行时：am/is/are + being +过去分词,9,7I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night,My homework was being done (by me) at 8:00 last night. 过去进行时：was/were+being+过去分词,10,6We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made

5、by us. 现在完成时： have/has + been+过去分词,11,请将下列主动语态变成被动语态 1.Lucy bought some fruit. Some fruit _ _ _ Lucy. 2.Uncle Wang waters the flowers every day. The flowers _ _ _ Uncle Wang every day. 3.Did they build the bridge in 1998? _ the bridge _ in 1998? 4.When did Lu Xun write these books? When _these books

6、 _ _ Lu Xun? 5.The farmers dont grow apples on the farm. Apples _ _ on the farm. 6.They didnt clean the classroom yesterday. The classroom _ _ yesterday.,was bought by,are watered by,Was,built,were,written by,arent grown,wasnt cleaned,12,带情态动词的被动语态 1.You can do the work all by yourself. The work _ _

7、 _ all by yourself. 2.We must plant more trees. More trees _ _ _. 3.We should dig a large hole. A large hole _ _ _. 4.Can we put our bikes here? _ our bikes _ _ here? 5.You mustnt throw rubbish here. Rubbish _ _ _ here. 6.We cant see many stars. Many stars _ _ _ .,can be done,must be planted,should

8、be dug,Can,be put,mustnt be thrown,cant be seen,13,在被动语态中要注意的问题,一、使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官 动词(see, hear, watch,等)在主动语态中 后面接的动词不定式省略to，改为被动语态 时一定要补上to。如： The boss makes the workers work all day. The workers are made to work all day by the boss. I saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the hou

9、se by me. C. We hear her sing in the room every day. She is heard to sing in the room every day.,14,注意,当使用see/hear/watch sb doing sth时，变为被动语态时，doing不变。如： I saw him going into the shop.(主动) He was seen going into the shop.(被动),15,go,16,1.Toms father bought him a book. He _ a book by his father. A boo

10、k _ _ him by his father.,二、带双宾语的动词有两种改法: 1.把指人的宾语作为被动句的主语. 2.当把直接宾语物作为主语时，要加介词to,for,was bought,在被动语态中要注意的问题,was bought,for,17,pass, show, send,此类动词有：,buy,be bought for,如：give,be given to,此类动词还有：,draw，make, cook, mend,18,He gave me a beautiful present. I was given a beautiful present by him. A beaut

11、iful present was given to me .,19,感官动词(hear, see, watch, feel, notice等)和使役动词(let ,make have等)在主动语态中后接不带to的动词不定式,但是改为被动语态时, 把to加在动词原形之前.,They made the boys work 12 hours a day. The boys were made to work 12 hours a day. We often see him go for a walk by the river. He is often seen to go for a walk by

12、 the river.,20,1. The teachers often make us read books in the morning. We are often made to read books in the morning by the teachers. 2. We noticed him talk with my brother just now. He was noticed to talk with my brother just now. 3. We saw her help Tom when we enter the room. She was seen to hel

13、p Tom when we enter the room. 4. I made him stop while he was doing the work. He was made to stop while he was doing the work.,21,3 主动句中含有宾语补足语句子的被动语态:把人变为主语 Mother told me not to be late. I was told not to be late by mother. I saw mother planting flowers in the garden. Mother was seen planting flow

14、ers in the garden.,22,必背！,动词短语变被动语态，后面的介词不能丢。,take care of be taken care of,cut down be cut down,laugh at be laughed at,look after be looked after,Speak to be spoken to,Hand in be handed in,23,4 短语动词的被动语态 I can take good care of the baby. The baby can be taken good care of. We should speak to the ol

15、d politely. The old should be spoken to politely.,24,The rain stopped.,The soup tastes delicious.,stop , taste 在句中是不及物动词，后面不能直接带宾语，因此不能变为被动语态。,不及物动词（vi.)不能用于被动语态。,happen, take place ,appear, disappear,belong to ,break out (爆发）,25,e.g. A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,happened,2. 连系动词（Link.v.)不

16、用被动语态。 如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become,e.g. Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.,sounds,3. 当此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，不用被动语态 。,e.g. The pen _(write) very fast.,writes,This kind of sweater _(sell) well.,sells,26,三、汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等时。例如： It is said that one day he climbed t

17、o the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS. 众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说 It is supposed that ,27,Practice: 1 Must I pay for it at once? _ it _ _ _ at once? 2 We will build a new lab. A new lab _ _ _. 3 They arent stopping the traffic now. The traffic _ _ _ now. 4 How lo

18、ng have you kept the book? How long _ the book _ _?,Must,been,paid,for,will,be,built,isnt,been,stopping,has,been,kept,28,5 If your homework _(do) well,you may go to play. 6 Mr.Green was seen _ (grow) trees. 7 The blackboard was _ (look) carefully by the students. 8 The ship model _ be _ (make) in tw

19、o days.,is done,to grow,looked at,will,made,29,1.-Did you go to Jims birthday party? -No, I _ (北京2003年中招试题) A. am not invited B. wasnt invited C. havent invited D. didnt invited 2. To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _ into the river. A. neednt be thrown B. mustnt be thrown C. cant throw D. may

20、 not throw (重庆2003年中招试题),中招名题回顾,B,B,30,考点聚焦,1、主动语态为动词原形作宾语补足语。 The workers were made 12 hours a day n the old days. A. work B. to work 2、主动语态的谓语为短语动词。 Their homework half an hour ago. A. was handed in B. was handed,A,B,31,3.You may go fishing if your work_. (河北2003年中招试题) A. is done B. will be done C

21、. has done D. have done 4.We are told _ everywhere. Its our duty to keep our school clean. (辽宁2003年中招试题) not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit,A,D,32,1.- What do you think of the football match yesterday ? - Its surprising. The strongest team _. A. was beaten B. wo

22、n C. scored D. was failed 2.I wont come to the party unless Sue_. A. will invite B. invites C. invited D. is invited 3.What are on show in the museum? Some photos _ by African children. A. are taken B. have been taken C. taken D. were taken 4. The boy _ study at home by her last Sunday. A made B was

23、 made C was made to D made to,中招模拟,A,D,C,C,33,4.The trees must _ three times a week. A. water B. is watering C. be watered D. waters 5.Another new building _last month near my school. A. was built B. built C. has been built D. is built,6. A new bridge _ over the river next year. A is built B will bu

24、ild C will be built D will built 7. TV and radio programes _ the other side of the world with the help of the satellites. A can send to B can send on C can be sent to D can be sent on,C,A,C,C,34,3. In summer meat and fruit _for a long time. A cant be kept B doesnt keep C is not kept D isnt keeping 4

25、. These films _ by young children. A should not seen B shouldnt be seen C should be not seen D should see 5. The piece of music _ great. A sounds B sounded C is sounded D is sounding,6. It _ in a small village last month. A happened B was happened C happen D had happened,A,B,A,A,35,2. Our classroom

26、should _ clean and tidy. A was kept B be kept C is keep D have kept,3. No letter _ since you left for Shanghai. A have received B have been received C had been received D has been received 4. Im afraid you cant go in. The room_. A is painted B has painted C is being painted D is painting,6. The girl _singing when we passed by. A heard B was heard C was heard to D heard to,B,D,C,B,36,3. My new pen _ well. A wr