公共英语等级考试三级2011年3月真题

1、公共英语等级考试三级2011年3月真题section 1 listening comprehension(25 minutes)125略section use of english(15 minutes)directions：read the following textchoose the best word or phrase for each numbered blank and mark a，b，c，or d on answer sheet 1 what might the house of the future be like? grace can tellmore formally

2、 known as the microsoft home，her high-tech devices，along with 26 in design and construction，will change the 27 we think about our homes you enter the house，and graces 28 , coming from hidden speakers，passes on your messages；in the kitchen，you set a bag of flour on the intelligently 29 stone counterg

3、race sees what youre 30，and projects a list of flour-based food on the counter. 31 you choose on，grace repeats instructions tor cookingshe 32 knows whats in the cupboardthe day when your house will be like a family member is not that far offthis 33 of seamless computing，in which technology is everyw

4、here yet nowhere(34 when we want it)，is emphasized in most futurehome thinkingmicrosoft， 35 ，isnt the only one exploring 36 technology can make our homes more 37 and comfortableat the georgia institute of technology，scientists are 38 systems that will allow older people to continue living 39so grand

5、mas home can be intelligently wired to 40 her patterns of wake，sleep and movement；family members would be 4l of any changes via computerdoes spying on grandma sound 42 ? director beth mynatt says“a good bit of our 43 has been working on how to convey information without 44 privacywe also dont want t

6、o create 45 anxietymaybe she just took a quiet day to read，and the system would have to recognize that”26apromotionsbapplicationscpracticesdadvances27awaybmannercstyledscope28aimagebfigurecvoicedsound29adisposedbshapedcengineereddconditioned30asayingbfeelingcsearchingddoing31abeforeboncecsincedunles

7、s32aevenbthuscyetdonly33ahopebpassioncfaithdnotion34aperhapsbexceptcprovideddespecially35athereforeblikewisechoweverdmoreover36ahowbwhethercwhatdwhy37afashionablebcomplicatedcefficientdattractive38adecoratingbdesigningcdeliveringddebating39aindependentlybenthusiasticallyccolorfullydsatisfactorily40a

8、receivebrecognizecrepresentdreview41awarnedbrelievedcadviseddinformed42ainterestingbboringcdisturbingdappealing43aanalysisbresearchcconcerndfocus44asacrificingbaffectingcpreventingdlosing45aunusualbunfortunatecuncertaindunnecessarysection reading comprehension(40 minutes)part adirections：read the fo

9、llowing three textsanswer the questions on each text by choosing a，b，c or dmark your answers on answer sheet 1text 1 whenever catherine brown, a 37-year old journalist, and her friends，professionals in their 30s and early 40s，meet at a london cafe，their favorite topic of conversation is relationship

10、s：mens reluctance to commit，womens independence，and when to have children-or，increasingly，whether to have them at all“with the years passing my chances of having a child go down，but i wont marry anyone just to have a child，”says brownto people like brown，babies are great if the timing is rightbut th

11、eyre certainly not essentialin much of the world，having kids is no longer a given“never before has childlessness been an understandable decision for women and men in so many societies，” says frank hakim at the london school of economicsyoung people are extending their child-free adulthood by postpon

12、ing children until they are well into their 30s or even40s and beyonda growing share are ending up with no children at alllifetime childlessness in western germany has hit 30 percent among university-educated women，and is rapidly rising among lower-class menin britain，the number of women remaining c

13、hildless has doubled in 20 yearsthe latest trend of childlessness does not follow historic patternsfor centuries it was not unusual for a quarter of european women to remain childlessbut in the past, childlessness was usually the product of poverty or disaster of missing men in times of wartoday the

14、 decision to haveor not havea child is the result of a complex combination of factors，including relationships，career opportunities，lifestyle and economics in some cases childlessness among women can be seen as a quiet form of protestin japan，support for working mothers hardly existschildcare is expe

15、nsive，men dont help out，and some companies strongly discourage mothers from returning to work“in japan，its career or child，”says writer kaori haishiits not just women who are deciding against children；according to a recent study，japanese men are even less inclined to marry or want a childtheir motiv

16、ations，though，may have more to do with economic factors46catherine brown and her friends feel that having children is not _atotally wiseba huge problemca rational choicedabsolutely necessary47it can be inferred that，for many women，having babies nowadays is _aa hard commitmentbhelpful to their career

17、cessential for happinessdan understandable decision48in the old days, many women remained childless _aas a quiet form of protestbbecause of lack of supportcbecause of unfortunate circumstancesdbecause they lacked social responsibility49we learn that childlessness at present _aaffects europe more tha

18、n it does asiabproduces more benefits than in the pastcis more a womans decision than a mansdis more complex in its cause than that in the past50according to the text，when a japanese man decides not to have children，he probably feels unable to _ahelp with houseworkbafford to have a childcbe a respon

19、sible fatherdbalance work and familytext 2faced with a mission, critical decision，who would you turn to for advice? someone you had great confidence in，surelybut several lines of research show that our instincts about where to mm to for counsel are often not completely correctmy research looks at pr

20、ejudices that affect how people use advice，including why they often blindly follow recommendations from people whoas far as they knoware as knowledgeable as they arein studies i conducted with don moore of carnegie mellon university，for example，i found mat people tend to overvalue advice when the pr

21、oblem theyre addressing is hard and to undervalue it when the problem is easyin our experimentssubjects were asked to guess the weight of people in various pictures，some of which were in focus and some of which were unclearfor each picture，subjects guessed twice：the first time without advice and the

22、 second time with input from another participantwhen the pictures were in focus，we found，subjects tended to discount the advice；apparently，they were confident in their ability to guess correctlywhen the pictures were unclear，subjects leaned heavily on me advice of others and seemed less secure about

23、 their initial opinionbecause they misjudged the value of the advice they received-consistently overvaluing or undervaluing it depending on the difficulty of the problemour subjects did not make the best guesses overallthey would have done better if theyd considered the advice equally，and to a moder

24、ate degree，on both hard and easy tasks. another advicerelated prejudice ive found people compels to overvalue advice that they pay forin one study conducted，subjects answered different sets of questions about american historybefore answering some of the questions, they could get advice on the correc

25、t answer from another subject whom they knew was no more expert than they werein one version of the experiment，people could get advice for free，while in another version，they paid for itwhen they paid for advice，people tended to have firm belief in it，i suspect，by a combination of sunk-cost prejudice

26、 and the nearly instinctual belief that cost and quality are linked51in the face of a missioncritical decision，people tend to _atrust their own effortsbrely on research findingscget affected by others opiniondseek help from the more knowledgeable52research shows that when faced with difficult proble

27、ms people often _adiscount others adviceboverlook others advicecdisagree with others advicedover-rely on others advice53the first experiment tries to prove how objective conditions _astrengthen peoples initial opinionbstrengthen peoples self-confidencecinfluence peoples response to advicedinfluence

28、peoples guess of weight loss54it can be inferred that people are likely to _aundervalue free advicebovervalue peers advicecmisinterpret specialists advicedmisjudge their instinctual belief55the two experiments mentioned in the text reveal _ahow to follow others advicebhow to understand others advice

29、cwhat causes people to seek advicedwhat affects peoples attitude to advicetext 3top national health service(nhs)nurses will be able to earn $40，000 a year without leaving frontline patient care in a modification to salary structures new“supernurse”grades will be created to enable the best staff to i

30、ncrease their salaries without having to move into management desk jobs currently the most senior nhs nurses can earn a maximum$28，000 a year unless they are willing to withdraw from the frontline and become administratorshundreds of experienced and highly-qualified nurses are lost to patient care e

31、very year because of this odditywhile only a few thousand of britains 332，000 nhs nurses will qualify for the$40，000 plus salary. fast track promotion schemes and a simpler grading system will increase the pay of many morethe government announced that a new simplified career structure would see just

32、 four grades replacing the existing sixnurses will begin their careers as healthcare assistants before moving up to registered practitioner grade，followed by senior registered practitioner and ultimately consultant practitioner and a$40，000salary“nurses are rising to the challenge of modernization，”

33、said a government official“these proposals will help them improve their professional role further and provide a better service to patientswe do not think mat in order to be paid more，nurses should have to move into managementnurses working at the sharpened of patient care should have a career struct

34、ure which no longer penalizes them for wanting to stay there”the nursing strategy will include proposals to allow more flexible training courses and improve opportunities for qualified nurses who have left the profession to return in part-time rolesthe royal college of nursing welcomed the reformsth

35、e top salary level falls into line with figures it had presented to ministers56 hundreds of experienced nurses are lost to patient care every year because they_adislike the nursing jobbare dissatisfied with their paycare replaced by“super nurses”dlack further training for the profession57the new sys

36、tem will mostly benefit those who_amove into managementbwork on a part time basischave retired from the nursing jobdhave reached the top of the system58the new career structure is different from the existing one in its_aquality of nurses servicesbpossibility of a job transfercopportunities for promo

37、tiondsimplicity of nurses grades59the nursing strategy will be adopted in order to_ aprovide more consultation to practitionersbencourage experienced nurses to work part timecenable the most experienced nurses to be paid moredpromote the most experienced nurses to management60the royal college of nu

38、rsing _aproposed similar top salary for nursesbraised the management issue to ministerscsuggested a four-grade system for nursesdput forward the nursing strategy to ministerspart bdirections：read the texts taken from five peoples comments on an article on the issue of global povertyfor questions61 t

39、o 65，match the name of each person(61to 65)to one of the statements(a to g)given below mark your answers on your answer sheet 1 ankita agarwal：your article made me ashamedive always thought of myself as not the typical self-absorbed teenager，but i guess l was wrongwhile i sit in my large，warm and co

40、zy housewishing for the shoes and clothes i see in teen magazines，there are people in the world wishing for something as simple as clean water. thank you for reminding me about people who would be more than happy with what i havejanet tejada： what about the relationship between population，consumptio

41、n and resources? after all, poverty most simply defined，is not having enough resourcesthe steady growth of the global population, overconsumption of resources by developed nations such as the us，and increasing levels of c0nsumption among the growing middle class in many developing nations ensure tha

42、t there is ever less of the planet salready dwindling resources to go aroundtadaship kawabe： extreme poverty is so tragicsudden natural disasters like an earthquake mobilize a large number of people and money for a short period of time，while the slow but massive wave of poverty and death in africa d

43、oesnt attract the worlds attention in the same way. when we try to help those affected by disasters and extreme poverty，however，we shouldnt focus on the overwhelming number of the dead but simply try to do something good for othersjane thomas：the poor should be trained to organize，set priorities and

44、 develop skills and resources to put their own community plans into actionwhat your article proposes is the conventional top-down way for doing things：outsiders determine the priorities and solutions，then throw money at them.to actually help，we must first develop our own skills and understandingwe n

45、eed to find out what the poor want and what the root causes of the problems arewe have to listen to poor peoplesanjay kathe： concerned and sensible peoples endeavors to reduce poverty in underdeveloped countries are deserving of high praiseit is sad，however，that only a small part of the funds raised

46、 for the poor actually l each themthe generous people who donate money to reduce poverty would be more successful if they spent time in the poor nations to check firsthand the use of their funds.now match the name of each person (61 to65) to the appropriate statement.note: there are two extra statem

47、ents61. ankita agarwal62janet tejada63tadaship kawabe64jane thomas65sanjay kathestatementsawhat we should do is to help the poor help them- selvesbi have always been deeply grieved by the tragic disasterscthe root of poverty lies in the unfair distribution of resourcesdthe situation in africa has be

48、en overlooked by the worldethe use of donated funds should be put under strict controlfpeople living in prosperity should cherish what they havegits our duty to end global poverty.section lv writing(40 minutes)directions：you should write your responses to both part a and part b of this section on an

49、swersheet 2part a 66 youve just moved into a neighborhood where you find the current public transport is inadequate，and so you want a new bus line opened to solve the problemwrite a letter to the bus company，1)making a request for a new bus line：2)stating the reasons for your request；3)expressing yo

50、ur eagerness for solutionyou should write about 100 wordsdo not sign your own name at the end of your emailuse“wang lin”insteadyou do not need to write the addresspart b67look at the picture below and write an essay of about 120words making reference to the following two points：1)a description of th

51、e picture；2)your suggestions on how to protect consumers rights答案精解：第二部分英语知识运用参考译文未来的房子可能是什么样子呢?格雷斯能告诉我们答案。这种房子更为正式的名字叫做微软之家，其高科技设备、设计与建筑方面的改进或许会改变我们对于家的设想。 当你进入这个房子时，格雷斯的声音会从一个隐藏着的话筒中传出来，将你的信息传递进去。在厨房里，你将一袋子面粉放在智能设计的石头柜台上时，格雷斯能够看到你正在做什么，他还能将一系列用面粉制作的食品投射在柜台上。你一旦选定一种食品，他就会重复讲述这种食品的制作方法。他甚至知道碗柜里有什么。在

52、不远的将来，你的房子将像一个家庭成员一般。在关于-未来家庭的设想中，电脑技术天衣无缝的理念备受重视。在这一理念中，电脑技术无处不在，却又恰到好处，不露痕迹(除了我们需要它的时候)。然而，微软并不是唯一一个探索如何用技术让我们的房子变得更加高效和舒适的公司。在佐治亚理工学院，科学家们正在设计一种能够使老年人独立生活的系统 因此，祖母的智能房子能够识别她睡觉、醒来和运动的形态，并由电脑将她的任何变化及时通知她的家人。成天监视着祖母是不是听起来非常令人不安啊? 贝丝迈纳特主任说：“我们很大一部分工作就是研究如何既能够传递信息又不会牺牲隐私。我们也不想制造不必要的担忧。也许她只是花上一天时间静静地看书

53、，而电脑系统却不得不对其加以识别。”26d【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。promotion晋升，宣传；application应用，使用；practice实践，做法，惯例；advance改进，改善。此处意为设计和建筑的改进，所以只有advance符合题意，故选d。27a【精析】本题考查名词常用搭配。the way后接从句，表示的方式。其他选项没有这种用法。故选a。28c【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。image形象；figure身材；voice(特指某人的)声音；sound声音(泛指)。由后文的“coming from hidden speakers”可知此处指格雷斯的声音，故选c。29c【精析】

54、本题考查动词词义辨析。dispose处理，处置；shape使成为形状，塑造；engineer设计；condition调节。此处意为“智能设计”，故选c。30d【精析】本题考查动词词义辨析。say说；feel感觉；search搜寻；do做。根据上下文可知，此处意为“看到你正在做什么”。故选d。31b【精析】本题考查连词词义辨析。before在之前；once一旦；since自从以来；unless如果不，除非。根据上下文可知，此处意为“一旦选定一种食品”，故选b。32a【精析】本题考查副词词义辨析。even甚至；thus因此；yet然而；only仅仅，只。根据上下文可知，此处意为“甚至知道碗柜里有什么”。故选a。33d【精析】本题考查名词词义辨析。hope希望；passion激情，热爱；faith信念；notion理念。 根据上下文可知，此处意为“电脑技术天衣无 缝的理念”。故选d。 34b【精析】本题考查副词和连词词义辨析。per-