动物源性疾病.ppt

1、1,Chapter 13,Zoonotic bacteria,2,Whats zoonosis?,Zoonosis 动物源性疾病 a disease that can be transmitted from animals to humans Zoonotic bacteria 动物源性细菌 bacteria causing zoonoses,3,4,Whatre primary zoonotic bacteria?,5,Brucella布鲁菌属,6,Brucella,B.abortus: cattle B.melitensis: goat,sheep B.suis: swine B.cani

2、s: dog,7,Biological properties,Shape and structure coccobacillus: 0.4-0.80.5-1.5m Gram-negative Nonmotile, non-spore-forming microcapsule(some),8,Biological properties,Cultivation Obligate aerobes 5-10% CO2(B. abortus) fastidious slow growth: 510d,9,Biological properties,Resistance strong resistance

3、: dry sensitivity: moist heat VU radiation infectants,10,Pathogenesis,Virulence factor endotoxin (main) invasiveness: capsule, enzymes,11,Pathogenesis,Transmission contact digestive tract respiratory tract,12,Transmission,13,Pathogenesis,Disease: brucelosis / undulant fever 波浪热 animals: abortion inf

4、ections of genital systems inapparent infections (source) humans: undulant fever organism (as a facultative intracellular parasite) lymphatic system blood （bacteremia） liver, speen, bone marrow, lymph nodes bacteremia (undulant fever),14,Immunity,CMI Infection immunity noninfection immunity,15,Contr

5、ol,Prevention animals: slaughter immunization pasteurization humans: no vaccine available Treatment tetracycline, ampicillin,16,Yersinia耶尔森菌属,17,Yersinia,18,Y. Enterocolitica,Virulence factor enterotoxin, V-W antigen Transmission digestive tract(main), contact Clinical types inflammation of gastroin

6、testine inflammation of terminal ileum, appendix, and mesenteric lymph nodes nodal erythema and arthritis septicemia,19,Y. Pestis,20,Biological properties,Shape and structure 0.5-1.01-2m, coccobacillus Gram-negative, bipolar staining capsule nonmotile non-spore-forming,21,Biological properties,Culti

7、vation facultative aerobes slow growth optimum temperature: 2730 in broth: stalactitic sinking,22,Biological properties,Antigenic structure F1 antigen (fraction): capsular / envelop V-W antigen: protein-lipoprotein Yop (Yersinia outer membrane proteins) murine toxin (MT): exotoxic released only when

8、 cells are lysed potent toxoid endotoxin: LPS,23,Pathogenesis,Virulence factor F1 antigen V-W antigen Yop endotoxin MT,24,Pathogenesis,Transmission flea bite respiratory tract,25,Pathogenesis- plague / black death,Bubonic 腺型 the most common enlarged and inflamed lymph nodes (around armpits, neck and

9、 groin) mortality rate: 30-75%,26,Pathogenesis- plague / black death,Pneumonic plague 肺型 the second most common mortality rate: 90-95%,27,Pathogenesis- plague / black death,Septicemic plague 败血症型 the most rare mortality rate: close to 100%,28,Control,Prevention elimination of rats and fleas Treatmen

10、t streptomycin,29,Bacillus芽胞杆菌属,30,Bacillus,B.anthracis: anthrax 炭疽芽胞杆菌炭疽 B cereus:food poisoning 蜡样芽胞杆菌,31,B.anthracis,32,Biological properties,Shape and structure 1-35-10m rod with square ends in long chains (bamboo) central spore capsule (D-glutamate) nonmotile,33,Biological properties,Cultivatio

11、n aerobic or facultative anaerobic non-hemolytic,34,Biological properties,Resistance strong resistance: dry heat drying disinfectant sensitivity: oxidant autoclaving,35,Pathogenesis,Virulence factors capsule anthrax toxin: protective antigen(PA) lethal factor(LF) edema factor(EF),36,Pathogenesis,Dis

12、ease - anthrax transmission: direct contact digestive tract respiratory tract clinical types: cutaneous anthrax (90%) intestinal anthrax (5%) pulmonary anthrax (5%),37,Control,Prevention animals: burn or deep bury vaccination humans: vaccination Treatment penicillin,38,B. cereus,39,B. cereus,Virulence factor: enterotoxin Disease food poison