8D培训教材.ppt

1、Training Module8D Problem Solving培训教程8D 问题解决,Why are we here?为什么我们在这里？,We want you to teach this module in the future to your key people under you. 我们希望在不久的将来您能把这一教程教授给您的下属。,Method, Process How we do work?方法,过程-我们如何工作？,Input + Method = Output 输入 + 方法 = 输出,You own your “method”! 你拥有属于自己的“方法”! “Method

2、” differentiates the output. “方法”区分了输出,Method, Process How we do work?方法,过程-我们如何工作？,Method of doing work is a Competitive Advantage 工作的方法是强有力的竞争优势,Input + Method = Output 输入 + 方法 = 输出,Problems are gaps between the actual condition and the desired condition. 问题是现实与期望的差距,What are Problems? 什么是问题?,实际情况

3、,期望情况,差距=问题,Problem Solving问题解决,8D Problem Solving Method 8D问题解决方法,Actual Condition,Gap = Problem,Desired Condition,Actual Condition,Gap = Problem,Desired Condition,=,=,期望情况,实际情况,实际情况,期望情况,8D Problem Solving, Corporate Standard AS63,Method of Problem Solving问题解决的方法,Form a team 组建团队,1,Identify Root C

4、auses 定义根本原因,4,Form a team 组建团队,1,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,Who is needed for the team?,Who is the leader?,Get the right people! 去找正确的人!,需要哪些人加入到团队中?,谁是团队领导?,2,Describethe Problem 描述问题,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,Use Data 使用数据 Pictures/sketches of Desired and Actual con

5、ditions实际与期望情况下的照片和草图 “Go and See” approach 去现场观察 Compare OK and NOT OK conditions比较 “OK” 和 “NOT OK” 的情况 “A well defined problem is 50% solved.”当一个问题有了很好的定义，那该问题就已经解决了一半,Who, What, Where, When and How Many谁,什么,哪里,何时,多少,Implement Containment Actions 实行“围堵”行动,3,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS6

6、3,Quickly contain non-conformances from Problem Start Point Problem Stop Point 迅速控制从问题开始点至问题结束点之间的不合格品 Appropriate instructions 恰当的指导 Validated to ensure effective确保有效 Verified by management 管理层审核,No bad parts to the customer! 不向客户递送不合格品!,Identify Root Causes 定义根本原因,4,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Sta

7、ndard AS63,Tools工具: Observation - Watch the process 观察-关注流程 5 Why 5个为什么 现场再现 Fish鱼骨图 Go and See 去现场 More其他,Why the problem occurred?问题为什么发生? Why was the problem not detected?为什么问题没有被察觉到?,Are you able to turn it on/off? 你能够还原/解决它么?,Find the true cause! 找到真正的原因！,5 Why Tool5个为什么,Ask “why” to understand

8、 problems 通过问”为什么来理解问题 Ask “why” at least 5 times. 至少问5次”为什么” Ask as many “whys” as you can, then go 1 more 尽量多问几次”为什么” Verify that the “whys” are true 验证这些”为什么”是正确的 Gather data, go and see.收集现场收集数据 Try to turn the problem on and off 试着还原并解决问题,5 Why,Why? Why? Why? . 为什么?为什么?为什么 .,Example:例子,5 Why,Pr

9、oblem:问题： Printer always displays “Failure”. Why ? 打印机总显示“失败”，为什么？ Jam in feeder. Why ? 进纸处卡纸，为什么？ Multiple sheets were drawn-in at the same time. Why ? 同时进多张纸，为什么？ Sheets were inserted incorrectly (“Dog-ears”). Why ? 纸张放入错误（褶角） ，为什么？ The feeder is difficult to reach. Why ? 进纸口很难碰到，为什么？ The printer

10、is too close to the wall. 打印机离墙太近,Conclusion: Move printer away from the wall. 结论: 把打印机搬离墙壁.,Choose and Implement Corrective Actions 选择并实行纠正措施,5,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,How was the occurrence fixed?怎样处理这一事件? How was the non-detection fixed?怎样解决检查中的疏漏,Install permanent fixes! 实现永久性的

11、解决!,Evaluate Result 评估结果,6,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,Is the problem solved?问题解决了吗 Show me the data!给我看数据 Time or sample size.时间或样品尺寸,Confirm the problem is eliminated! 确定问题已经排除!,Prevent Reoccurence 预防再次发生,7,8D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,Look at similar products and proces

12、ses纵观相似的产品，设备和工艺。 Keep your lessons for the long-term为将来积累经验 Find and fix the system cause that prevents the problem 通过发现和解决系统导致的问题来预防问题的产生 Assure the fixes are effective today ! 确定措施有效Tomorrow !明年!One year from now !从现在起的一年!,Never repeat a problem. 不让问题重现,Congratulate the team 团队庆祝,8,8 D Problem Solving, Autoliv Standard AS63,Reinforces behavior 增强了领导力 Reinforces teamwork 增强了团队精神 Improves culture 提升了企业文化,Recognize success! 认可成功！,5 Why Analysis EXERCISES 5个为什么分析 练习,Why are we here