LectureThree虚拟语气.ppt

1、Lecture Three,Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气 Inversion 倒装句,非真实条件句（四级真题）: 48. He _ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. A. may have acted B. must have actedC. should act D. would act 51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _ able to advise you much better than I can.

2、A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were 54. _ if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand? A. Would you be surprised B. Were you surprised C. Had you been surprised D. Would you have been surprised 52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she _ much better results no

3、w.A. would be getting B. could have got C. must get D. would get,60. He would have finished his college education, but he _ to quit and find a job to support his family. A. had had B. has C. had D. would have 49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there_ quite such a crowd of people

4、 there. A. werent B. hasnt been C. hadnt been D. wouldnt be 43. If your car _any attention during the first 12 months, take it to an authorized dealer. A. shall need B. should need C. would need D. will need,1.没有空气，就没有生物,Without air, there would be no living things.,If there were no air,2.如果我们早点出发，就

5、不会错过这列火车了。,If we had started earlier,we would not have missed the train.,3. 如果李教授明天有时间的话，我们就可以问他问题了。,If professor Li had time tomorrow, we would ask him questions.,现在,过去,将来,非真实条件句总结：（If句式虚拟）,一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况时，要用虚拟语气。,E.g.,E.g.,E.g.,条件句中的倒装（四级真题）: 50. _ for the fact that she broke her leg, she m

6、ight have passed the exam. A. Had it not been B. Hadnt it been C. Was it not D. Were it not 63. _ you _ further problems with your printer, contact your dealer for advice. A. If, had B. Have, had C. Should, have D. In case, had 52. _ Ill marry him all the same. A. Was he rich or poor B. Whether rich

7、 or poor C. Were he rich or poor D. Be he rich or poor,1.、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：,Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have been saved.,Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.,Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home,1) If the doctor ha

8、d come last night, the boy would have been saved.,2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.,3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.,混合虚拟：即错综时间虚拟句,If I had taken my raincoat with me this morning, I would not be wet now.,通常情况下，条件状语从句中主从句谓语动词所指时间是一致的，但有时可能指不

9、同时间，这时要根据上下文意思采用不同的谓语动词形式。,If you had taken your medicine yesterday, you would be better now.,1) If he _ drunk, he wouldnt have lost control of the car. A. wasnt B. werent C. hasnt been D. hadnt been,2) I would have gone to the concert, if I _ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had,3)

10、 _ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone,4) If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have,5) If he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. A. had li

11、stened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know,6)_, I would take an umbrella with me. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I you D. I had been you,7) If you were older, I _ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would h

12、ave allowed D. had allowed,that 从句中的动词（四级真题）: 62. It was suggested that all government ministers should _ information on their financial interests. A. discover B. uncover C. tell D. disclose 56. It is imperative that students _ their term papers on time. A. hand in B. would hand in C. have to hand i

13、n D. handed in 59. It is imperative that the government _ more investment into the shipbuilding industry. A. attracts B. shall attract C. attract D. has to,1.校长要求每个人准时出席会议。,The headmaster requested(demanded) that everyone (should) attend the meeting on time.,2.我赞成你的建议，今天下午我们去游泳。,I agree to your sugg

14、estion that we (should) go swimming this afternoon.,这类动词具体为: insist(一个坚持) order，command （两道命令） suggest， propose， advise（三条建议）request, require, demand, ask (四点要求) prefer, desire (两种偏爱) 以及此类词的名词形式后所跟的从句,二、 名词性从句中的虚拟语气 1. suggest等动词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用(should) + do,We all suggest that he ( should ) finish his

15、 homework first.,The captain commanded that all the sailors ( should ) get down to work at once.,Its suggested ( ordered, demanded, proposed, commanded, requested, desired, insisted, required ) that 后面的主语从句中要使用 虚拟语气，也以 ( should )+ v原.的形式出 现。,Its ordered that only German ( should ) be taught at schoo

16、ls in Alsas and Lorin.,Its requested that all the students ( should ) wear school uniforms at school.,以上这些动词的名词形式后面的表语从句 和同位语从句中也要用虚拟语气，也应以 (should) + v原. 的形式出现。,My suggestion is that you ( should ) go home first before coming here.,His request that his cost ( should ) be paid by the hour is complet

17、ely reasonable.,The order came that the work (should) be finished two days ahead of time,My advice is that you (should) practise speaking English as often as possible,注意：,1.Andersons pale face suggests that he is ill, so we suggest that he be sent to the hospital at once.,2.He insisted that he didnt

18、 steal the camera and be set free at once.,Insist表坚持认为是用真实语气，表坚持要求是用虚拟语气 Suggest解释为表明、暗示时用真实语气，表建议用虚拟语气,Exercises:,His accent suggests he _ from Hunan.,I insisted that he _ wrong,His silence suggested that he _ with my decision,He insists that doing morning exercises _ peoples health.,comes,agreed,w

19、as,does good to,2. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟， 即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she refuse to come to the party. Its necessary that we should study hard.,1) It is required that you _ at six. A. wi

20、ll arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive,2) He insisted that he _ me before. A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw,3) It is important that I _ with Mr. Willians immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak,4) The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to p

21、repare for the exam. A. give B. should give C. be given D. would be given,注意：It is+adj./n.+that 句型也可不用虚拟语气:,It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. It is strange that he didnt come yesterday.,If only句式: 54. If only the patient _ a different treatment instead of using the antibiotics, he might

22、 still be alive now. A. had received B. received C. should receive D. were receiving 52. If only I _ play the guitar as well as you! A. would B. could C. should D. might,Its ( about/high ) time.句式: 54. Its high time we _ cutting down the rainforests. A. stopped B. had to stop C. shall stop D. stop 5

23、1. “ What courses are you going to do next semester?” “ I dont know. But its about time _ on something.” A. Id decide B. I decided C. I decide D. Im deciding 49. If you have really been studying English for so long. Its about time you _ able to write letters in English. A. should be B. were C. must

24、be D . are 60. That was not the first time he _ us. I think its high time we _ strong actions against him. A. betrayed. . take B. had betrayed. . . took C. has betrayed. took D. has betrayed. take,推测句（Probability): 56. She _ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference. A. must be B. had been

25、C. could be D. must have been 65. Which of the following sentences expresses probability?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight oclock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.,三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句中的使用：,1. wish后的宾语从句： 1)与现在愿望不一致 主语

26、过去时； 2)与过去愿望不一致 主语had过去分词； 3)与未来愿望不一致 主语would（could, should, might）原形。,eg: 1) I wish (that) I were you. 2) I wish I had visited the White House when I was in the States. 3) I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.,1) If only he could come! 他要能来就好了 2) If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。

27、3) If only I knew the answer!,2. If only引起的感叹句,我要是知道答案就好了。,3. as if（though）引导的从句，其谓语动词形式与 wish同,eg: 1) She loves the children as if they were hers. 2) Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there,It seems as if they know each other.,注意：当as if（though）引导的从句表真实情况时，用真实语气,4. would rather that,现在: 过去: 未

28、来:, I would rather you paid me now. I would rather I hadnt come yesterday. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,.,-Have you ever met him before? -Yes. But I would rather I _ him. have never met B. dont meet C. didnt meet D. had never met,eg: 1) Its time that you went to school. 2) Its tim

29、e that you should go to school.,你该走了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you were going. Its high time that you should go.,我们该去睡觉了。,Its time that we went to bed. Its time that we should go to bed.,6. without, but, but for, but that 引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。这时主句用虚拟,1) Without you, I would never

30、know him. 2) But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so well. 要不是你的合作，我们不可能把工作做得这么出色。 3) But that she was afraid, she would have said no. 要不是害怕，她会拒绝的。,4) I would be most glad to help you, but I am busy now. 5) I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working. 6) I am busy

31、now, otherwise/or I would help you.,7. 表示祝愿时, 用May +主语 + 动词原形, 如:,2) May you be happy!,1) May you succeed in your work!,1) I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be,2) He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came

32、C. would have come D. had come,3) Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be,4) But for the party, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die,7) Id rather you _ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to lea