21世纪大学英语读写教程第4册第一单元words.ppt

1、Unit 1 Who Is Great?,New Words,carve v. 雕刻，靠勤奋创（业）,e.g. Carve your name on hearts and not on marbles. 把你的名字刻在人们的心上，而不是大理石。 开创(事业等);开拓(+out) They carved out an orchard where there was wild grass. 他们在曾是野草丛生的地方开辟了果园。,influential adj. 有影响的;有权势的having a lot of influence on,e.g. an influential newspaper 有

2、影响的报纸 Influential friends helped him to get a good job. 有权势的朋友们帮他弄到一份美差。,Compose 及物动词 vt.,1.作(诗,曲等);构(图) He spent his spare time composing poetry. 他用空余时间写诗。 2.使安定,使平静,使镇静 She composed herself to answer the letters. 她静下心来写回信。 3.组成,构成 (+of) Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. 水是由氢和氧组成的。,不及物动词 vi

3、. 1.作诗,作曲,构图 That child prodigy began to compose at the age of five. 那个神童五岁就开始作诗了。,endow v.,1. 捐赠;资助;向.捐钱(或物)The rich alumnus endowed the college with half of his fortune. 这位富有的校友把其一半的财产捐赠给这所大学。 2. 赋予 (+with)He is endowed with an inventive mind. 他天生具有发明才能。,tremendous adj.,1. 巨大的,极大的They cost a treme

4、ndous amount of money. 他们花去了一大笔钱。 2. 【口】极度的,惊人的The play became a tremendous hit. 该剧极为叫座。 3. 【口】极好的,很棒的We had a tremendous time on the beach. 我们在海滩上玩得很痛快。,cite vt. Mention sth. as an example to support an argument,e.g. 引用;引.为证;举出 The lawyer cited a previous case to support his argument. 律师引用了以前的案例来支持

5、他的论点。 Its no use citing the Bible to someone who doesnt believe in God. 对不信上帝的人引用圣经是无用的。 表扬,表彰;传令嘉奖(+for) The soldier was cited for bravery in battle. 该士兵因作战勇敢而受到嘉奖。,innate adj. in ones nature, possess from birth,在英语中，表示“先天”之意的有congenital，prenatal，inborn，innate等，含义却各有侧重。 Congenital主要指疾病而言，即of diseas

6、e present from or before birth。如congenital defects，congenital blindness即指先天性缺陷和先天性失明。 Prenatal指出生前的（occurring in the period before birth），如prenatal check ups即指产前检查。 Inborn指某种品性或才能是天生的、先天的或天赋的（existing in a person or animal from birth, natural），如an inborn talent for music，即指天赋的音乐才能。在这个意义上，inborn和inna

7、te 的意思比较接近。 Innate的基本意思是（of a quality, feeling, etc）in ones nature, possessed from birth，如innate ability, innate beauty, innate desire就指的是天生才干，天生丽质，固有欲望等。,Frustration n. 挫折，令人沮丧的东西,The cat sat in front of the bird cage in an agony of frustration at being so near and yet so far. 猫无可奈何地坐在鸟笼前，眼看着鸟儿近在咫尺

8、，可怎么也够不着。,frustrate v. 挫折, 使受挫折,Contemporary 形容词 a.,1. 当代的His lecture is on contemporary American novelists. 他的演讲是关于当代美国小说家的。 2. 同时代的;同年龄的(+with)Was Jonson contemporary with Shakespeare? 琼森是否与莎士比亚同辈?,Contemporary n.,1. 同时代的人;同年龄的人He was looked down upon by his contemporaries. 他被他的同时代的人瞧不起。 2. 同时期的东西

9、 3. 当代人,现代人,submit 及物动词 vt.,1.使服从,使屈服(+to)Well submit ourselves to the courts judgments. 我们将听从法庭的裁决。 2. 使经受,使受到(+to)The metal was submitted to analysis. 对该金属进行了分析。 3. 提交,呈递(+to)He submitted his proposal for urban development to the city council. 他将城市发展建议提交市议会。 4. 【律】建议,认为+(that)I submit that the ter

10、ms are entirely unreasonable. 我认为那些条件完全不合理。 I submit that more proof is needed to support the case. 我认为这个案子需要更多的证据证实。,submit 不及物动词 vi.,1. 屈从;忍受;甘受(+to)She refused to submit to his control. 她不屈服于他的控制。,Text-related information,The Allied evacuation at Dunkirk Dunkirk is an important commercial seaport, which was one of the great actions of World War II. From May 29 to June 4, small v